Month: October 2022

In 2022,Hu, Jun; Qu, Jiajia; Deng, Lin; Dong, Huiyu; Jiang, Liying; Yu, Jianming; Yue, Siqing; Qian, Haifeng; Dai, Qizhou; Qiang, Zhimin published an article in Water Research. The title of the article was 《Metabonomic and transcriptomic modulations of HepG2 cells induced by the CuO-catalyzed formation of disinfection byproducts from biofilm extracellular polymeric substances in copper pipes》.Name: 2-Bromoacetamide The author mentioned the following in the article:

Cupric oxide (CuO) is able to catalyze the reactions among disinfectant, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and bromide (Br-) in copper pipes, which may deteriorate the water quality. This study aimed to investigate the metabonomic and transcriptomic modulations of HepG2 cells caused by the CuO-catalyzed formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) from EPS. The presence of CuO favored the substitution reactions of chlorine and bromine with EPS, inducing a higher content of total organic halogen (TOX). In addition, DBPs were shifted from chlorinated species to brominated species. A total of 182 differential metabolites (DMs) and 437 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, which were jointly involved in 38 KEGG pathways. Topol. anal. indicates that glycerophospholipid and purine metabolism were disturbed most obviously. During glycerophospholipid metabolism, the differential expression of genes GPATs, AGPATs, LPINs and DGKs impacted the conversion of glycerol-3-phosphate to 2-diacyl-sn-glycerol, which further affected the conversion among phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine and phosphocholines. During purine metabolism, it was mainly the differential expression of genes POLRs, RPAs, RPBs, RPCs, ENTPDs and CDs that impacted the transformation of RNA into guanine-, xanthosine-, inosine- and adenosine monophosphate, which were further successively transformed into their corresponding nucleosides and purines. The study provides an omics perspective to assess the potential adverse effects of overall DBPs formed in copper pipes on human. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Name: 2-Bromoacetamide)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Name: 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《1-Tosyl-6-vinyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-amine》 was written by Meany, Fiach B.; O’Rourke, Sarah; Murphy, Paul V.. HPLC of Formula: 70-55-3This research focused ontosyl vinyl tetrahydro benzimidazole amine preparation; epoxide ring opening amino alc oxidation condensation. The article conveys some information:

The alkene functionalized 2-aminobenzimidazole ring found in terrazoanthine natural products was synthesized in 3 steps from 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane via epoxide ring opening with toluenesulfonamide yielding 2 regioisomeric, separable amino alcs. One isomer was oxidized to the corresponding ketone and subsequently condensed with cyanamide to furnish the title compound, which was characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The experimental process involved the reaction of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3HPLC of Formula: 70-55-3)

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3) belongs to anime. Amines have a free lone pair with which they can coordinate to metal centers. Amine–metal bonds are weaker because amines are incapable of backbonding, but they are still important for sensing applications.While stronger than hydrogen bonds, amine–metal bonds are still weaker than both covalent and ionic bonds.HPLC of Formula: 70-55-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Ortho-functionalization of aminopyridines; regioselective lithiation of 3-pivaloylaminopyridines》 was published in Synthesis in 1982. These research results belong to Gungor, T.; Marsais, F.; Queguiner, G.. Application of 70298-88-3 The article mentions the following:

3-Pivaloylaminopyridine (I) was selectively lithiated in the 4-position. Treatment of the lithio derivative with RCHO (R = Ph, 4-MeC6H4, 2-MeOC6H4, 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl, 2-thienyl, Me) gave the alcs. II. I-4-d was also prepared The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 2,2-Dimehtyl-N-pyridin-3-yl-propionamide(cas: 70298-88-3Application of 70298-88-3)

2,2-Dimehtyl-N-pyridin-3-yl-propionamide(cas: 70298-88-3) belongs to anime. Aniline, ethanolamines, and several other amines are major industrial commodities used in making rubber, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic resins and fibres and for a host of other applications. Most of the numerous methods for the preparation of amines may be broadly divided into two groups: (1) chemical reduction (replacement of oxygen with hydrogen atoms in the molecule) of members of several other classes of organic nitrogen compounds and (2) reactions of ammonia or amines with organic compounds.Application of 70298-88-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Characterizing the potential estrogenic and androgenic activities of two disinfection byproducts, mono-haloacetic acids and haloacetamides, using in vitro bioassays》 was written by Kim, Da-Hye; Park, Chang Gyun; Kim, Young Jun. Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromoacetamide And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Exposure to disinfection byproducts (DBPs) is potentially related to cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and tumorigenic effects in humans, in addition to their adverse effects on the environment. However, their impacts on endocrine disruption, especially reproductive toxicity, remain largely unknown. In this study, the estrogenic and androgenic activities of DBPs and corresponding antagonistic activities were investigated using a yeast-based reporter assay, focusing on haloacetic acids and haloacetamides. We also examined the cytotoxicity of DBPs and mechanisms of antagonistic activities. Of the DBPs assayed, iodoacetamide (IAM) and bromoacetamide (BAM) were the most cytotoxic, with LC50 values of 0.0462 and 0.0537 mM, resp., followed by chloroacetic acid (CAA; LC50 = 4.87 mM) and chloroacetamide (CAM; LC50 = 5.28 mM). Iodoacetic acid (IAA) and bromoacetic acid (BAA) were the least cytotoxic, with LC50 values of 5.52 and 6.35 mM, resp. IAA (EC10 = 0.00573 mM; EC50 = 0.0215 mM) exhibited most potent estrogenic activity, and CAA (EC10 = 0.0434 mM) and BAM (EC10 = 0.0150 mM) showed weak estrogenic and androgenic activities, resp. By contrast, IAM exhibited anti-estrogenic effects. These results suggest that DBPs interact with hormone receptors. In addition to this study using 2-Bromoacetamide, there are many other studies that have used 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromoacetamide) was used in this study.

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Kai; Yang, Jianfeng; Li, Xiaoxun published their research in Organic Letters in 2021. The article was titled 《Palladium-Catalyzed Diastereo- and Enantioselective [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Vinylcyclopropanes with Azadienes: Efficient Access to Chiral Spirocycles》.Reference of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide The article contains the following contents:

The first palladium(0)-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective [3 + 2] annulation of vinylcyclopropanes (VCPs) I (R = methoxycarbonyl, (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)carbonyl, cyano) and BDAs II (R1 = Me, 4-methylphenyl, 4-bromophenyl; R2 = H, 6-Cl, 5-Br, 6-OMe; R3 = Ph, naphthalen-1-yl, thiophen-2-yl, etc.; X = C, O, S) and 2-(phenylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-3-one were reported. This transformation is featured with a broad substrate scope III and IV, allowing for facile access to a variety of enantioenriched spirocycles bearing a quaternary stereogenic center in good yields with excellent regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities (up to 93% yield, >20:1 dr, and mostly >99% ee) under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the spirocyclic products III and IV could be efficiently converted to structurally complex tricyclo[8.3.0.01,5]-azatridecane and tricyclo[7.3.0.01,5]-azadodecane skeletons. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3Reference of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide)

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3) belongs to anime. Primary amines having a tertiary alkyl group (R3CNH2) are difficult to prepare with most methods but are made industrially by the Ritter reaction. In this method a tertiary alcohol reacts with hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the presence of a concentrated strong acid; a formamide, RNH―CHO, is formed first, which then undergoes hydrolysis.Reference of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《A practical and total synthesis of pasireotide: Synthesis of cyclic hexapeptide via a three-component condensation》 was published in Molecules in 2019. These research results belong to Ma, Chunying; Chen, Miao; Chu, Weiming; Tao, Jiayi; Kong, Delong; Zhang, Mengmeng; Feng, Wenhua. Application In Synthesis of H-Lys(Boc)-OH The article mentions the following:

Pasireotide is a multi-receptor ligand somatostatin analog approved for medical treatment of Cushing’s disease and acromegaly. The liquid-phase total synthesis of pasireotide-a 18-membered cyclic hexapeptide-was achieved by the 3 + 2 + 1 strategy, and the Pro1 -Phe6 peptide bond was selected as the final cyclization position. Two key fragments were simply synthesized using N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide/N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (BSA/NHS) as coupling agents, and processes of the two key fragments were simple without any chromatog. purification The current synthesis method is easily scalable and produces the target peptide with an overall yield of 15%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3Application In Synthesis of H-Lys(Boc)-OH)

H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3) belongs to amino acids. Amino acids are not generally considered to be electrochemically active because products of the oxidation accumulate on the electrode surface and prevent it from participating in any further electrochemical processes.Application In Synthesis of H-Lys(Boc)-OH

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Chlorination of aniline by Pd(OAc)2/N-chloro-N-fluorobenzene-sulfonylamide》 were Zhu, Ye; Huang, Jinwen; Yang, Xianjin. And the article was published in Youji Huaxue in 2019. HPLC of Formula: 247170-19-0 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A mild method for palladium-catalyzed halogenation of acetanilide with N-chloro-N-fluorobenzenesulfonylamide (CFBSA) as a chlorinating reagent, oxidant, and novel promoting reagent was achieved. The decomposition of byproduct N-fluorobenzenesulfonylamine in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 could accelerate the process of chlorination. Preliminary mechanism investigation showed that Pd catalyzed aniline directed C-H activation lead to the ortho chlorination selectivity. A series of ortho-chlorinated anilides were obtained in 28%~82% yields.N-(2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide(cas: 247170-19-0HPLC of Formula: 247170-19-0) was used in this study.

N-(2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide(cas: 247170-19-0) belongs to anime. Nitrous acid converts secondary amines (aliphatic or aromatic) to N-nitroso compounds (nitrosamines): R2NH + HNO2 → R2N―NO. Some nitrosamines are potent cancer-inducing substances, and their possible formation is a serious consideration when nitrites, which are salts of nitrous acid, are present in foods or pharmaceutical preparations. Tertiary amines give rise to nitrosamines more slowly; an alkyl group is eliminated as an aldehyde or ketone, along with nitrous oxide, N2O.HPLC of Formula: 247170-19-0

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2017,Suna, Yuki; Himeda, Yuichiro; Fujita, Etsuko; Muckerman, James T.; Ertem, Mehmed Z. published 《Iridium Complexes with Proton-Responsive Azole-Type Ligands as Effective Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation》.ChemSusChem published the findings.COA of Formula: C4H9NO2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Ir (Cp*Ir) complexes with bidentate ligands consisting of a pyridine ring and an electron-rich diazole ring were prepared Their catalytic activity toward CO2 hydrogenation in 2.0 M KHCO3 aqueous solutions (pH 8.5) at 50°, under 1.0 MPa CO2/H2 (1:1) are reported as an alternative to photo- and electrochem. CO2 reduction Bidentate ligands incorporating an electron-rich diazole ring improved the catalytic performance of the Ir complexes compared to the bipyridine ligand. Complexes 2, 4, and 6, possessing both a hydroxy group and an uncoordinated NH group, which are proton-responsive and capable of generating pendent bases in basic media, recorded high initial turnover frequency values of 1300, 1550, and 2000 h-1, resp. Spectroscopic and computational studies revealed that the reversible deprotonation changes the electronic properties of the complexes and causes interactions between pendent base and substrate and/or solvent H2O mols., resulting in high catalytic performance in basic media. In the experiment, the researchers used N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1COA of Formula: C4H9NO2)

N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1) belongs to anime. Left-handed and right-handed forms (mirror-image configurations, known as optical isomers or enantiomers) are possible when all the substituents on the central nitrogen atom are different (i.e., the nitrogen is chiral). With amines, there is extremely rapid inversion in which the two configurations are interconverted.COA of Formula: C4H9NO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Exploring Pairwise Chemical Crosslinking To Study Peptide-Receptor Interactions》 were Seidel, Lisa; Zarzycka, Barbara; Katritch, Vsevolod; Coin, Irene. And the article was published in ChemBioChem in 2019. Category: amides-buliding-blocks The author mentioned the following in the article:

Pairwise crosslinking is a powerful technique to characterize interactions between G protein coupled receptors and their ligands in the live cell. In this work, the “”thiol trapping”” method, which exploits the proximity-enhanced reaction between haloacetamides and cysteine, is examined to identify intermol. pairs of vicinal positions. By incorporating cysteine into the corticotropin-releasing factor receptor and either a-chloro- or a-bromoacetamide groups into its ligands, it is shown that thiol trapping provides highly reproducible signals and a low background, and represents a valid alternative to classical “”disulfide trapping””. The method is advantageous if reducing agents are required during sample anal. Moreover, it can provide partially distinct spatial constraints, thus giving access to a wider dataset for mol. modeling. Finally, by applying recombinant mini-Gs, GTPS, and Gas-depleted HEK293 cells to modulate Gs coupling, it is shown that yields of crosslinking increase in the presence of elevated levels of Gs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Category: amides-buliding-blocks)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Formation of Aryl [1-Cyano-4-(dialkylamino)butadienyl] Ketones from Pyridines》 was written by Gim, Hyo Jin; Jung, Michael E.. Safety of N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamideThis research focused onWeinreb amide chloropyridine dialkylamine ring opening addition reaction; carbonyl dialkylamino pentadienenitrile preparation. The article conveys some information:

Treatment of 2-chloropyridine with LDA and the Weinreb amide of benzoic acid afforded three unusual products, namely N-methylbenzamide, 2-chloropyridine-3-methanol and the ring-opened addition product. This same final product could also be obtained from 2-chloro-3-benzoylpyridine on treatment with LDA. Mechanistic insight for the formation of these products is provided. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1Safety of N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide)

N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1) belongs to anime. Reaction with nitrous acid (HNO2), which functions as an acylating agent that is a source of the nitrosyl group (―NO), converts aliphatic primary amines to nitrogen and mixtures of alkenes and alcohols corresponding to the alkyl group in a complex process. This reaction has been used for analytical determination of primary amino groups in a procedure known as the Van Slyke method.Safety of N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics