Month: October 2022

《Investigation of kinetics and mechanistic studies of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)phthalimide by +1 halogen oxidant in acidic medium》 was written by Latha, Vijaya; Sukhdev, Anu; Manjunath, A. S.; Puttaswamy; Deepthi, P. R.; Kumar, P. Mohan. Recommanded Product: 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide And the article was included in Chemical Data Collections in 2020. The article conveys some information:

The oxidation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)phthalimide (NHEP) by chloramine T (CAT) in perchloric acid medium has been investigated iodometrically at 298 K. The stoichiometry of the reaction was found to be 1:2. The oxidation products were identified by LC-MS anal. Kinetic orders with respect to oxidant, substrate and acid concentrations were determined Enhancement of rate observed with an increase in acid concentration Effect of solvent polarity and ionic strength was studied. Addition of p-toluene sulfonamide (reductant) to the reaction mixture has no significant influence on the rate. The active species of the oxidant in acidic medium was ascertained. Plausible mechanistic scheme explaining all of the observed kinetic results have been proposed. The effect of temperature on the reaction rates has also been studied. Activation parameters and thermodn. quantities were evaluated and discussed. The rate constant of the slow step of the reaction along with the equilibrium constants were also calculated The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3Recommanded Product: 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide)

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3) belongs to anime. Milder oxidation, using reagents such as NaOCl, can remove four hydrogen atoms from primary amines of the type RCH2NH2 to form nitriles (R―C≡N), and oxidation with reagents such as MnO2 can remove two hydrogen atoms from secondary amines (R2CH―NHR′) to form imines (R2C=NR′). Tertiary amines can be oxidized to enamines (R2C=CHNR2) by a variety of reagents.Recommanded Product: 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2022,Berton, Stefania; Chen, Lu; Liang, Yi Chu; Xu, Zhongliang; Afriyie-Asante, Afrakoma; Rajabalee, Nusrah; Yang, Weibo; Sun, Jim published an article in Cell Chemical Biology. The title of the article was 《A selective PPM1A inhibitor activates autophagy to restrict the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis》.Name: 2-Bromoacetamide The author mentioned the following in the article:

Metal-dependent protein phosphatases (PPMs) have essential roles in a variety of cellular processes, including inflammation, proliferation, differentiation, and stress responses, which are intensively investigated in cancer and metabolic diseases. Targeting PPMs to modulate host immunity in response to pathogens is an ambitious proposition. The feasibility of such a strategy is unproven because development of inhibitors against PPMs is challenging and suffers from poor selectivity. Combining a biomimetic modularization strategy with function-oriented synthesis, we design, synthesize and screen more than 500 pseudo-natural products, resulting in the discovery of a potent, selective, and non-cytotoxic small mol. inhibitor for PPM1A, SMIP-30. Inhibition of PPM1A with SMIP-30 or its genetic ablation (ΔPPM1A) activated autophagy through a mechanism dependent on phosphorylation of p62-SQSTM1, which restricted the intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages and in the lungs of infected mice. SMIP-30 provides proof of concept that PPMs are druggable and promising targets for the development of host-directed therapies against tuberculosis. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Name: 2-Bromoacetamide)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Name: 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Quality Control of tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidateIn 2011 ,《Formal Synthesis of (+)-Sorangicin A》 was published in Organic Letters. The article was written by Crimmins, Michael T.; Haley, Matthew W.; O’Bryan, Elizabeth A.. The article contains the following contents:

The formal synthesis of (+)-sorangicin A was completed by two independent routes. Both approaches feature a cross metathesis reaction to form the C29-C30 bond to arrive at the bicyclic ether/tetrahydropyran fragment. Formation of the C15-C16 olefin to unite the dihydropyran fragment with the rest of the mol. to give the known sorangicin A precursor I was achieved by either a cross metathesis reaction or a Julia-Kocienski olefination. In the experiment, the researchers used tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate(cas: 71432-55-8Quality Control of tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate)

tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate(cas: 71432-55-8) belongs to anime. Aniline, ethanolamines, and several other amines are major industrial commodities used in making rubber, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic resins and fibres and for a host of other applications. Most of the numerous methods for the preparation of amines may be broadly divided into two groups: (1) chemical reduction (replacement of oxygen with hydrogen atoms in the molecule) of members of several other classes of organic nitrogen compounds and (2) reactions of ammonia or amines with organic compounds.Quality Control of tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Design, synthesis, and characterizations of a series of Pt4 macrocycles and fluorescent sensing of Fe3+/Cu2+/Ni2+ through metal coordination. [Erratum to document cited in CA150:135671]》 was written by Ghosh, Sushobhan; Chakrabarty, Rajesh; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi. SDS of cas: 64479-78-3 And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry on April 6 ,2009. The article conveys some information:

On page 553, in Scheme 4, structures 2c and 2c’ were switched; the correct version of the scheme is given. This correction does not alter the inferences or conclusions of the paper. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3SDS of cas: 64479-78-3)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.SDS of cas: 64479-78-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Evidence That Trimethyllysine Hydroxylase Catalyzes the Formation of (2S,3S)-3-Hydroxy-Nε-trimethyllysine》 was written by Reddy, Y. Vijayendar; Al Temimi, Abbas H. K.; White, Paul B.; Mecinovic, Jasmin. Reference of tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidateThis research focused ontrimethyllysine hydroxylase stereoselective hydroxylation 2S 3S hydroxy trimethyllysine. The article conveys some information:

Trimethyllysine hydroxylase (TMLH) is an Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenase involved in the biomedically important carnitine biosynthesis pathway. A combination of synthetic and NMR studies provides direct evidence that human TMLH catalyzes the stereoselective conversion of (2S)-Nε-trimethyllysine to (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-Nε-trimethyllysine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate(cas: 71432-55-8Reference of tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate)

tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate(cas: 71432-55-8) belongs to anime. Reaction with nitrous acid (HNO2), which functions as an acylating agent that is a source of the nitrosyl group (―NO), converts aliphatic primary amines to nitrogen and mixtures of alkenes and alcohols corresponding to the alkyl group in a complex process. This reaction has been used for analytical determination of primary amino groups in a procedure known as the Van Slyke method.Reference of tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Screening Hofmann Compounds as CO2 Sorbents: Nontraditional Synthetic Route to Over 40 Different Pore-Functionalized and Flexible Pillared Cyanonickelates》 was written by Culp, Jeffrey T.; Madden, Catherine; Kauffman, Kristi; Shi, Fan; Matranga, Christopher. Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry on April 15 ,2013. The article conveys some information:

A simple reaction scheme based on the heterogeneous intercalation of pillaring ligands (HIPLs) provides a convenient method for systematically tuning pore size, pore functionality, and network flexibility in an extended series of pillared cyanonickelates (PICNICs), commonly named Hofmann compounds The versatility of the approach is demonstrated through the preparation of over 40 different PICNICs containing pillar ligands ranging from ∼4 to ∼15 Å in length and modified with a wide range of functional groups, including fluoro, aldehyde, alkylamine, alkyl, aryl, trifluoromethyl, ester, nitro, ether, and non-metalated 4,4′-bipyrimidine. The HIPL method involves reaction of a suspension of preformed polymeric sheets of powd. anhydrous Ni cyanide with an appropriate pillar ligand in refluxing organic solvent, converting the planar [Ni2(CN)4]n networks into polycrystalline three-dimensional porous frameworks containing the organic pillar ligand. Preliminary studies indicate that the HIPL reaction is also amenable to forming Co(L)Ni(CN)4, Fe(L)Ni(CN)4, and Fe(L)Pd(CN)4 networks. The materials show variable adsorption behavior for CO2 depending on the pillar length and pillar functionalization. Several compounds show structurally flexible behavior during the adsorption and desorption of CO2. The newly discovered flexible compounds include two flexible Fe(L)Ni(CN)4 derivatives that are structurally related to previously reported porous spin-crossover compounds The preparations of 20 pillar ligands based on ring-functionalized 4,4′-dipyridyls, 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)benzenes, and N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamides are also described.N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide) was used in this study.

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Switching a Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor to a Dual-Target Antagonist of P2Y1 and P2Y12 as an Oral Antiplatelet Agent with a Wider Therapeutic Window in Rats than Ticagrelor》 was written by Lei, Yu; Zhang, Bing; Liu, Dan; Zhao, Jian; Dai, Xiwen; Gao, Jun; Mao, Qing; Feng, Yao; Zhao, Jiaxing; Lin, Fengwei; Duan, Yulin; Zhang, Yan; Bao, Ziyang; Yang, Yuwei; Mou, Yanhua; Wang, Shaojie. Computed Properties of C2H4BrNOThis research focused onWSJ557 phenylimidazole synthesis antiplatelet SAR metabolism xanthine oxidase purinoceptor. The article conveys some information:

ADP-mediated platelet aggregation is signaled through G protein-coupled receptors P2Y1 and P2Y12 on the platelet. The clin. effectiveness of inhibiting P2Y12 has been well established, and preclin. studies indicated that the inhibition of P2Y1 could provide equivalent antithrombotic efficacy as P2Y12 antagonists and reduce bleeding risks. On the basis of the 2-phenyl-1H-imidazole scaffold of our previously reported xanthine oxidase inhibitor WSJ-557, we first achieved the transition from the xanthine oxidase inhibitors to dual-target antagonists against P2Y1 and P2Y12. We described the structure-activity relationships of the 2-phenyl-1H-imidazole compounds, which led to the identification of the most potent antiplatelet agents, 24w (I) and 25w (II), both showing a rapid onset of action in pharmacokinetic study. Furthermore, the rat model suggested that 24w (I) demonstrated a wider therapeutic window than ticagrelor, displaying equivalent and dose-dependent antithrombotic efficacy with lower blood loss compared to ticagrelor at same oral dose. These results supported that 24w and 25w (II) could be promising drug candidates. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Computed Properties of C2H4BrNO)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Computed Properties of C2H4BrNO

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Vinylboronic Acids as Efficient Bioorthogonal Reactants for Tetrazine Labeling in Living Cells》 was written by Eising, Selma; van der Linden, Nicole G. A.; Kleinpenning, Fleur; Bonger, Kimberly M.. Recommanded Product: 87694-50-6 And the article was included in Bioconjugate Chemistry on April 18 ,2018. The article conveys some information:

Bioorthogonal chem. can be used for the selective modification of biomols. without interfering with any other functionality present in the cell. The tetrazine ligation is very suitable as a bioorthogonal reaction because of its selectivity and high reaction rates with several alkenes and alkynes. Recently, the authors described vinylboronic acids (VBAs) as novel hydrophilic bioorthogonal moieties that react efficiently with dipyridyl-s-tetrazines and used them for protein modification in cell lysate. It is not clear, however, whether VBAs are suitable for labeling experiments in living cells because of the possible coordination with, for example, vicinal carbohydrate diols. Here, the authors evaluated VBAs as bioorthogonal reactants for labeling of proteins in living cells using an irreversible inhibitor of the proteasome and compared the reactivity to that of an inhibitor containing norbornene, a widely used reactant for the tetrazine ligation. No large differences were observed between the VBA and norbornene probes in a two-step labeling approach with a cell-penetrable fluorescent tetrazine, indicating that the VBA gives little or no side reactions with diols and can be used efficiently for protein labeling in living cells. In the experiment, the researchers used (S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide(cas: 87694-50-6Recommanded Product: 87694-50-6)

(S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide(cas: 87694-50-6) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.Recommanded Product: 87694-50-6 In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4On October 25, 2021 ,《Development of mammalian cell logic gates controlled by unnatural amino acids》 was published in Cells Reports Methods. The article was written by Mills, Emily M.; Barlow, Victoria L.; Jones, Arwyn T.; Tsai, Yu-Hsuan. The article contains the following contents:

Mammalian cell logic gates hold great potential for wide-ranging applications. However, most of those currently available are controlled by drug(-like) mols. with inherent biol. activities. To construct truly orthogonal circuits and artificial regulatory pathways, biol. inert mols. are ideal mol. switches. Here, we applied genetic code expansion and engineered logic gates controlled by two biol. inert unnatural amino acids. Genetic code expansion relies on orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs for co-translational and site-specific unnatural amino acid incorporation conventionally in response to an amber (UAG) codon. By screening 11 quadruplet-decoding pyrrolysyl tRNA variants from the literature, we found that all variants decoding CUAG or AGGA tested here are functional in mammalian cells. Using a quadruplet-decoding orthogonal pair together with an amber-decoding pair, we constructed logic gates that can be successfully controlled by two different unnatural amino acids, expanding the scope of genetic code expansion and mammalian cell logic circuits. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4)

H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3) belongs to amino acids. These amino acids may be present in low concentrations and play a vital part as an intermediate in a biosynthetic pathway, e.g., ornithine, homoserine, or cystathionine. In contrast they may act as a major storage form of nitrogen, e.g., canavanine in the seed of Canavalia ensiformis, or may be formed in high amounts in response to an external stress, e.g., γ-aminobutyrate.Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4 It is possible that some of these nonprotein amino acids may serve as insecticidal or fungicidal agents.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4On May 13, 2021 ,《Stapled Wasp Venom-Derived Oncolytic Peptides with Side Chains Induce Rapid Membrane Lysis and Prolonged Immune Responses in Melanoma》 appeared in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The author of the article were Wu, Ye; Lu, Dong; Jiang, Yixin; Jin, Jinmei; Liu, Sanhong; Chen, Lili; Zhang, Hong; Zhou, Yudong; Chen, Hongzhuan; Nagle, Dale G.; Luan, Xin; Zhang, Weidong. The article conveys some information:

Peptide stapling chem. represents an attractive strategy to promote the clin. translation of protein epitope mimetics, but its use has not been applied to natural cytotoxic peptides (NCPs) to produce new oncolytic peptides. Based on a wasp venom peptide, a series of stapled anoplin peptides (StAnos) were prepared The optimized stapled Ano-3/3s were shown to be protease-resistant and exerted superior tumor cell-selective cytotoxicity by rapid membrane disruption. In addition, Ano-3/3s induced tumor ablation in mice through the direct oncolytic effect and subsequent stimulation of immunogenic cell death. This synergistic oncolytic-immunotherapy effect is more remarkable on melanoma than on triple-neg. breast cancer in vivo. The efficacies exerted by Ano-3/3s on melanoma were further characterized by CD8+ T cell infiltration, and the addition of anti-CD8 antibodies diminished the long-term antitumor effects. In summary, these results support stapled peptide chem. as an advantageous method to enhance the NCP potency for oncolytic therapy. In addition to this study using H-Lys(Boc)-OH, there are many other studies that have used H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4) was used in this study.

H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3) belongs to amino acids. These amino acids may be present in low concentrations and play a vital part as an intermediate in a biosynthetic pathway, e.g., ornithine, homoserine, or cystathionine. In contrast they may act as a major storage form of nitrogen, e.g., canavanine in the seed of Canavalia ensiformis, or may be formed in high amounts in response to an external stress, e.g., γ-aminobutyrate.Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4 It is possible that some of these nonprotein amino acids may serve as insecticidal or fungicidal agents.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics