Losasso, Valeria published the artcileSmall molecules enhance the potency of natural antimicrobial peptides, Formula: C6H6N2O, the publication is Biophysical Journal (2022), 121(3), 491-501, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.
The skin-associated microbiome plays an important role in general well-being and in a variety of treatable skin conditions. In this regard, endogenous antimicrobial peptides have both a direct and indirect role in determining the composition of the microbiota. We demonstrate here that certain small mol. species can amplify the antimicrobial potency of naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides. In this study, we have used niacinamide, a form of vitamin B3 naturally found in foods and widely used in cosmetic skincare products, and two of its structural analogs, to investigate their cooperativity with the human antimicrobial peptide LL37 on the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. We observed a clear synergistic effect of niacinamide and, to some extent, N-methylnicotinamide, whereas isonicotinamide showed no significant cooperativity with LL37. Adaptively biased mol. dynamics simulations using simplified model membrane substrates and single peptides revealed that these mols. partition into the headgroup region of an anionic bilayer used to mimic the bacterial membrane. The simulated effects on the phys. properties of the simulated model membrane are well correlated with exptl. activity observed in real biol. assays despite the simplicity of the model. In contrast, these mols. have little effect on zwitterionic bilayers that mimic a mammalian membrane. We conclude that niacinamide and N-methylnicotinamide can therefore potentiate the activity of host peptides by modulating the phys. properties of the bacterial membrane, and to a lesser extent through direct interactions with the peptide. The level of cooperativity is strongly dependent on the detailed chem. of the additive, suggesting an opportunity to fine-tune the behavior of host peptides.
Biophysical Journal published new progress about 1453-82-3. 1453-82-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is Isonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C6H6N2O, Formula: C6H6N2O.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
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