Rai, Sunil K. published the artcileSalts and Cocrystal of Etodolac: Advantage of Solubility, Dissolution, and Permeability, Related Products of amides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Crystal Growth & Design (2020), 20(7), 4512-4522, database is CAplus.
Etodolac (ETD) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) in 1991 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Because of its poor aqueous solubility and high permeability, ETD falls under Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drug. The present study was aimed to screen stable salts and cocrystals of ETD using Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) and a few non-GRAS coformers. Crystallization of five salts (i.e., isopropylamine = isoPA, n-hexylamine = nHA, cyclohexylamine = cycloHA, 2-phenylethylamine = phEA, piperazine = PPZ) and one cocrystal (isonicotinamide = INT) was successful. These products were characterized by single crystal X-ray and powder diffraction. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed a single endotherm for the salts, which confirmed their thermal stability and phase homogeneity, except for ETD–·phEA+ where a solid-solid transition at 152°C was observed with an enthalpy of transition ΔH ≈ 16 J/g. Among the five salts, ETD–·isoPA+ showed the highest solubility of 267.50 mg/mL and ~20 times faster intrinsic dissolution rate than ETD in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer medium. The salts are stable under solubility and dissolution conditions as confirmed by fitting the powder X-ray diffraction profile of each sample after the experiment with the calculated lines from the X-ray structure. Permeability and flux anal. of ETD salts showed that ETD–·isoPA+ exhibits a high flux rate across the semipermeable membrane due to a higher mol. mobility and greater concentration gradient. Solid form screening of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Etodolac afforded five salts with isopropylamine, n-hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, 2-phenylethylamine, and piperazine and one cocrystal with isonicotinamide. The isopropylamine salt showed the highest solubility at 267.50 mg/mL, which exhibited ~20 times faster intrinsic dissolution rate than etodolac in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer. Thus, short chain (low lipophilic) amines are preferred over long chain (high lipophilic) aliphatic amines to improve the solubility, dissolution, and physicochem. properties of acidic drugs.
Crystal Growth & Design published new progress about 1453-82-3. 1453-82-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is Isonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C6H6N2O, Related Products of amides-buliding-blocks.
Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics