Reduced Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMNH) Potently Enhances NAD+ and Suppresses Glycolysis, the TCA Cycle, and Cell Growth was written by Liu, Yan;Luo, Chengting;Li, Ting;Zhang, Wenhao;Zong, Zhaoyun;Liu, Xiaohui;Deng, Haiteng. And the article was included in Journal of Proteome Research in 2021.Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Decreased cellular NAD+ levels are causally linked to aging and aging-associated diseases. NAD+ precursors in oxidized form such as NMN and nicotinamide riboside (NR) have gained much attention and been well studied for their ability to restore NAD+ levels in model organisms. Less is known about whether NAD+ precursors in reduced form can also efficiently increase the tissue and cellular NAD+ levels and have different effects on cellular processes than NMN or NR. The authors developed a chem. method to produce dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH), which is the reduced form of NMN. NMNH was a better NAD+ enhancer than NMN both in vitro and in vivo, mediated by NMN adenylyltransferase (NMNAT). Addnl., NMNH increased the reduced NAD (NADH) levels in cells and in mouse livers. Metabolomic anal. revealed that NMNH inhibited glycolysis and the TCA cycle. In vitro experiments demonstrated that NMNH induced cell cycle arrest and suppressed cell growth. Nevertheless, NMNH treatment did not cause an observable difference in mouse weight Taken together, the authors’ work demonstrates that NMNH is a potent NAD+ enhancer and suppresses glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and cell growth. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate).
((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics