The attenuation effect of low piperine Piper nigrum extract on doxorubicininduced toxicity of blood chemical and immunological properties in mammary tumor rats was written by Saetang, Jirakrit;Tedasen, Aman;Sangkhathat, Surasak;Sangkaew, Natnaree;Dokduang, Sirinapa;Prompat, Napat;Taraporn, Siriporn;Graidist, Potchanapond. And the article was included in Pharmaceutical Biology (Abingdon, United Kingdom) in 2022.Formula: C14H25NO The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Many natural extracts have been shown to minimize the toxicity of doxorubicin (Dox). Low piperine Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae) extract (PFPE) is a natural extract containing many types of antioxidants that may reduce Dox toxicities. To evaluate the effect of PFPE in attenuating the side effects of Dox. Tumor-bearing Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups including normal, vehicle, 100 mg/kg BW of PFPE plus 2 mg/kg BW of Dox (P100 Dox), 100 mg/kg BW of PFPE plus 2 mg/kg BW of Dox (P200 Dox) and Dox. Rats were treated with Dox and/or PFPE three times/ week for 4 wk. Tumor burden, blood parameters, weight of internal organs and immunol. data were investigated. The addition of 200 mg/kg PFPE significantly restored the levels of AST from 174.60 ± 45.67 U/L in the Dox group near to normal levels at 109.80 ± 4.99 U/L. The combination of PFPE and Dox also decreased the levels of CXCL7, TIMP-1, sICAM-1 and L-selectin about 1.4-1.6-fold compared to Dox group. Feeding rats with 200 mg/kg BW of PFPE combination with Dox slightly increased Th1 from 161.67 ± 14.28 cells in Dox group to 200.75 ± 5.8 cells meanwhile suppressed Treg from 3088 ± 78 cells in Dox to 2561 ± 71 cells. This study showed that PFPE ameliorated Dox toxicity in many aspects indicating the role of antioxidant and other substances in the extract on toxicity attenuation. This suggested the using of PFPE may be valuable for Dox treated patients. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Formula: C14H25NO).
(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Formula: C14H25NO
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics