Month: November 2022

Mideksa, Yonatan G. published the artcileSite-Specific Protein Labeling with Fluorophores as a Tool To Monitor Protein Turnover, Product Details of C11H22N2O4, the publication is ChemBioChem (2020), 21(13), 1861-1867, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Proteins that terminally fail to acquire their native structure are detected and degraded by cellular quality control systems. Insights into cellular protein quality control are key to a better understanding of how cells establish and maintain the integrity of their proteome and of how failures in these processes cause human disease. Here we have used genetic code expansion and fast bio-orthogonal reactions to monitor protein turnover in mammalian cells through a fluorescence-based assay. We have used immune signaling mols. (interleukins) as model substrates and shown that our approach preserves normal cellular quality control, assembly processes, and protein functionality and works for different proteins and fluorophores. We have further extended our approach to a pulse-chase type of assay that can provide kinetic insights into cellular protein behavior. Taken together, this study establishes a minimally invasive method to investigate protein turnover in cells as a key determinant of cellular homeostasis.

ChemBioChem published new progress about 2418-95-3. 2418-95-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Carboxylic acid,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Amino acide derivatives, name is H-Lys(Boc)-OH, and the molecular formula is C11H22N2O4, Product Details of C11H22N2O4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Licato, James J. published the artcileZeolite Composite Materials for the Simultaneous Removal of Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances in Water Treatment, Name: 4-(5-(p-Tolyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide, the publication is ACS ES&T Water (2022), 2(6), 1046-1055, database is CAplus.

This investigation presents a method of simultaneous pharmaceuticals and personal care product (PPCP) and perfluorinated alkyl substance (PFAS) removal utilizing zeolite-sodium silicate composite materials. Sorption efficacy of five synthetic zeolite composites and one natural zeolite was tested through batch experimentation using two aqueous matrixes: (1) a lab-controlled mixture of 21 PPCPs and PFASs and (2) wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) effluent samples collected from three locations and analyzed for a schedule of 84 PPCPs and 24 PFASs. Langmuir isotherm modeling was applied to calculate adsorption capacity and adsorption favorability. Between 44 and 58 PPCPs and 12 PFASs were detected in each WWTF matrix, with sum PPCP and PFAS concentrations ranging from 7.60 x 10³ to 3.34 x 10⁴ and 92-130 ng/L, resp. Treatment with the zeolite composites resulted in a 72% average mass reduction of PFASs. Median adsorption capacities of the zeolite variants ranged from 13.6 to 18.3 mg/g. While the novel zeolite composite materials effectively removed both PPCPs and PFASs under controlled and real-world conditions, neither pore size, material hydrophobicity, nor any other single mechanism was found to predict adsorption efficacy.

ACS ES&T Water published new progress about 169590-42-5. 169590-42-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sulfamide,Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is 4-(5-(p-Tolyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide, and the molecular formula is C17H14F3N3O2S, Name: 4-(5-(p-Tolyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bianchi, Federica published the artcileDevelopment of novel cocrystal-based active food packaging by a Quality by Design approach, Application In Synthesis of 1453-82-3, the publication is Food Chemistry (2021), 129051, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A way to reduce food waste is related to the increase of the shelf-life of food as a result of improving the package type. An innovative active food packaging material based on cocrystn. of microbiol. active compounds present in essential oils i.e. carvacrol, thymol and cinnamaldehyde was developed following the Quality by Design principles. The selected active components were used to produce antimicrobial plastic films with solidified active ingredients on their surface characterized by antimicrobial properties against four bacterial strains involved in fruit and vegetable spoilage. The developed packaging prototypes exhibited good antimicrobial activity in vitro providing inhibition percentage of 69 (±15)% by contact and inhibition diameters of 32 (±6) mm in the gas phase, along with a prolonged release of the active components. Finally, the prolonged shelf-life of grape samples up to 7 days at room temperature was demonstrated.

Food Chemistry published new progress about 1453-82-3. 1453-82-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is Isonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C6H6N2O, Application In Synthesis of 1453-82-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gilligan, Paul J. published the artcilePyrazolo-[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor ligands, Product Details of C7H5Cl2NO, the publication is Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry (2003), 11(18), 4093-4102, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The syntheses and rat CRF receptor binding affinities of retro-pyrazolotriazine’ corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) ligands are reported. Some have high affinity for rat CRF receptors (K_i≤10 nM). The data provide addnl. support for the hypothesis that it is possible to interchange isosteric cores with similar electronic properties in the design of high-affinity CRF receptor ligands, provided the peripheral pharmacophore elements are maintained in the same three-dimensional array.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 2447-79-2. 2447-79-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Benzene,Amide, name is 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide, and the molecular formula is C7H5Cl2NO, Product Details of C7H5Cl2NO.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Knunyants, I. L. published the artcileNitration of perfluoropropylene by nitrogen dioxide and a study of the nitration products, Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide, the publication is Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya (1966), 466-72, database is CAplus.

Perfluoropropylene (I) and N₂O₄ yield O₂NCF₂CF(NO₂)CF₃ (II) along with CF₃CF(ONO)CF₂NO₂ (III). The structure of III was confirmed as shown below. Evidently I and N₂O₄ form intermediate radical [CF₃CFCF₂NO₂] which reacts with the ·NO₂ form of the free radical to yield II; reacting with the ·ONO form of the radical it yields III while reacting with NO it forms CF₃CF(NO)CF₂NO₂ (CA 51, 9472i). CF₃COCF₂NO₂ (IV) treated with absolute EtOH with ice-cooling gave 78% Et hemiacetal, b. 118°, d₂₀ 1.391, n²⁰_D 1.3520. IV treated with CH₂:CO at -30° gave 82% V, b₄₄ 68°, 1.616, 1.3621. IV and dry HCl at -20° gave HOC(CF₃)ClCF₂NO₂, b. 37°, 1.609, 1.3500; HBr similarly gave HOC(CF₃)BrCF₂NO₂, b. 50°, 1.935, 1.3758. IV and HCN mixed at -40° and heated in a sealed tube 2 h. at 100° gave HOC(CN)(CF₃)CF₂NO₂, b₂₀ 64-5°, 1.6282, 1.3495. IV and dry NH₃ in Et₂O at -30° gave CF₃CONH₂, m. 68°. IV. H₂O (b. 119-20°, 1.638, 1.3560)(22.8 g.) added to 50 mL. 10% NaOH at 80° (exothermic reaction) gave a distillate of 62.5% CHF₂NO₂, b. 42°; evaporation of the residual solution gave the Na salt which acidified with H₂SO₄ and heated gave CF₃CO₂H. CHF₂NO₂ (4.1 g.) and 2.4 g. AcH with a trace of K₂CO₃ heated in a sealed tube 4 h. at 100° and 1 h. at 120° gave 64% O₂NCF₂CHMeOH, b₂₅ 64-5°, 1.390, 1.3825; similar reaction with paraformaldehyde gave 88% O₂NCF₂CH₂OH, b₄₀ 65°, 1.4792, 1.3780; similar reaction with Me₂CO gave 44% O₂NCF₂CMe₂OH, b₃₅ 55°, 1.2950, 1.3915. IV treated dropwise with Et₂NH with cooling gave 55% CF₃CONEt₂, b₄ 44°, 1.142, 1.3798. Mixing IV with NOF at -70° and heating in a sealed tube 6 h. at 100° gave 86.5% III, b. 57-8°, 1.637, 1.3276.

Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya published new progress about 360-92-9. 360-92-9 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is N,N-Diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide, and the molecular formula is C6H10F3NO, Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lucera, Mark B. published the artcileHIV signaling through CD4 and CCR5 activates Rho family GTPases that are required for optimal infection of primary CD4+ T cells, Product Details of C20H23N3O2S, the publication is Retrovirology (2017), 4/1-4/13, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Background: HIV-1 hijacks host cell machinery to ensure successful replication, including cytoskeletal components for intracellular trafficking, nucleoproteins for pre-integration complex import, and the ESCRT pathway for assembly and budding. It is widely appreciated that cellular post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein activity within cells; however, little is known about how PTMs influence HIV replication. Previously, we reported that blocking deacetylation of tubulin using histone deacetylase inhibitors promoted the kinetics and efficiency of early postentry viral events. To uncover addnl. PTMs that modulate entry and early post-entry stages in HIV infection, we employed a flow cytometric approach to assess a panel of small mol. inhibitors on viral fusion and LTR promoterdriven gene expression. Results: While viral fusion was not significantly affected, early post-entry viral events were modulated by drugs targeting multiple processes including histone deacetylation, methylation, and bromodomain inhibition. Most notably, we observed that inhibitors of the Rho GTPase family of cytoskeletal regulators-including RhoA, Cdc42, and Rho-associated kinase signaling pathways-significantly reduced viral infection. Using phosphoproteomics and a biochem. GTPase activation assay, we found that virion-induced signaling via CD4 and CCR5 activated Rho family GTPases including Rac1 and Cdc42 and led to widespread modification of GTPase signaling-associated factors. Conclusions: Together, these data demonstrate that HIV signaling activates members of the Rho GTPase family of cytoskeletal regulators that are required for optimal HIV infection of primary CD4+ T cells.

Retrovirology published new progress about 380315-80-0. 380315-80-0 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Apoptosis,p53, name is N-((4-Acetamidophenyl)carbamothioyl)-4-(tert-butyl)benzamide, and the molecular formula is C20H23N3O2S, Product Details of C20H23N3O2S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lucera, Mark B. published the artcileHIV signaling through CD4 and CCR5 activates Rho family GTPases that are required for optimal infection of primary CD4+ T cells, Application of 4-(tert-Butyl)-N-((4-(5-(dimethylamino)pentanamido)phenyl)carbamothioyl)benzamide, the publication is Retrovirology (2017), 4/1-4/13, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Background: HIV-1 hijacks host cell machinery to ensure successful replication, including cytoskeletal components for intracellular trafficking, nucleoproteins for pre-integration complex import, and the ESCRT pathway for assembly and budding. It is widely appreciated that cellular post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein activity within cells; however, little is known about how PTMs influence HIV replication. Previously, we reported that blocking deacetylation of tubulin using histone deacetylase inhibitors promoted the kinetics and efficiency of early postentry viral events. To uncover addnl. PTMs that modulate entry and early post-entry stages in HIV infection, we employed a flow cytometric approach to assess a panel of small mol. inhibitors on viral fusion and LTR promoterdriven gene expression. Results: While viral fusion was not significantly affected, early post-entry viral events were modulated by drugs targeting multiple processes including histone deacetylation, methylation, and bromodomain inhibition. Most notably, we observed that inhibitors of the Rho GTPase family of cytoskeletal regulators-including RhoA, Cdc42, and Rho-associated kinase signaling pathways-significantly reduced viral infection. Using phosphoproteomics and a biochem. GTPase activation assay, we found that virion-induced signaling via CD4 and CCR5 activated Rho family GTPases including Rac1 and Cdc42 and led to widespread modification of GTPase signaling-associated factors. Conclusions: Together, these data demonstrate that HIV signaling activates members of the Rho GTPase family of cytoskeletal regulators that are required for optimal HIV infection of primary CD4+ T cells.

Retrovirology published new progress about 1011557-82-6. 1011557-82-6 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Epigenetics,Sirtuin, name is 4-(tert-Butyl)-N-((4-(5-(dimethylamino)pentanamido)phenyl)carbamothioyl)benzamide, and the molecular formula is C25H34N4O2S, Application of 4-(tert-Butyl)-N-((4-(5-(dimethylamino)pentanamido)phenyl)carbamothioyl)benzamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hoffmann, Johannes published the artcileThe unexpected dominance of secondary over primary nucleation, Safety of Isonicotinamide, the publication is Faraday Discussions (2021), 235(0), 109-131, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

It is still a challenge to control the formation of particles in industrial crystallization processes. In such processes, new crystals can be generated either by primary or secondary nucleation. While in continuous stirred tank crystallization processes, secondary nucleation is thought to occur due to the shear or attrition of already present larger crystals; in antisolvent crystallization processes, where mixing at the inlets locally causes high supersaturations, primary nucleation is understood to be the main mechanism. We aim to show here that secondary nucleation is the dominant nucleation mechanism, even under conditions that are generally considered to be dominated by primary nucleation mechanisms. Measurements of primary and secondary nucleation rates under similar industrial crystallization conditions of sodium bromate in water, sodium chloride in water, glycine in water and isonicotinamide in ethanol show that the secondary nucleation rate is at least 6 orders of magnitude larger in all these systems. Furthermore, seeded fed-batch and continuous antisolvent crystallizations of sodium bromate under high local supersaturation, seeded with crystals of a specific handedness, result in a close to chirally pure crystalline product with the same handedness. This shows that indeed, enantioselective secondary nucleation is the dominant mechanism in these antisolvent crystallizations It is even possible to use the enantioselective secondary nucleation mechanism to control the product chirality in such a process, making antisolvent crystallization a viable crystallization-enhanced deracemization technique, having a superior productivity compared to other crystallization-enhanced deracemization methods. Our finding of a dominant secondary nucleation mechanism, rather than primary nucleation, will have a strong impact on nucleation control strategies in industrial crystallization processes.

Faraday Discussions published new progress about 1453-82-3. 1453-82-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is Isonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C6H6N2O, Safety of Isonicotinamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Findlay, John B. C. published the artcileA simple and efficient preparation of 3-aryl-3-trifluoromethyl-3H-diazirinyl sulfoxides and sulfones, Computed Properties of 360-92-9, the publication is Synthesis (1995), 553-6, database is CAplus.

All regioisomers of 3-aryl-3-trifluoromethyl-3H-diazirinyl sulfoxides and sulfones I (R = 2-, 3-, and 4-MeSOC₆H₄, -MeSO₂C₆H₄) were prepared in five steps from the corresponding bromothioanisoles in excellent overall yields. The key step involves a simultaneous oxidation of sulfide and diaziridine moieties resp., to yield either the diazirine sulfoxide or sulfone, depending on reaction conditions.

Synthesis published new progress about 360-92-9. 360-92-9 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is N,N-Diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide, and the molecular formula is C6H10F3NO, Computed Properties of 360-92-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ciusa, W. published the artcileThe ultraviolet spectra of the m- and p-substituted N-alkyl derivatives of pyridine, Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, the publication is Bollettino Scientifico della Facolta di Chimica Industriale di Bologna (1959), 12-26, database is CAplus.

cf. CA 53, 5398e; 53, 20059d. Pyridine derivatives, prepared as described in earlier publications, were dissolved in 0.1N NaCl (pH 6-7), 0.1N HCl (pH 1.1), and in 0.1N NaOH (pH 13.0) to give 0.1-0.05M solutions and their ultraviolet spectra obtained for the range 210-460 mμ at 20 ± 2°. These were presented in 37 absorption curves. The λ_maximum and the extinction (ε × 10^-3) at this wave length in HCl, NaCl, and NaOH for these compounds were: pyridine, 256, 5.4, 3.4, 2.5; methylpyridinium (I) iodide, 260, 4.5, 4.4, 4.8; I bromide, 258, 4.5, 4.5 4.5; I chloride, 258, 4.7, 5.0, 4.9; dodecylpyridinium bromide, 260, 4.0, 3.5, 4.1; myristylpyridinium bromide, 260, 4.5, 4.1, 4.6; cetylpyridinium (II) bromide, 260, 3.4, 3.1, 3.5; II chloride, 260, 4.8, 4.6, 4.8; octadecylpyridinium bromide, 260, 4.9, 3.5, 4.0; Et ester of nicotinic acid (III), 260 (265, 262), 5.0, 2.7, 3.0; III MeI salt, 265, 4.5, 3.9, 4.0; III MeBr salt, 265, 4.5, 4.3, 4.0; III MeCl salt, 265, 4.2, 4.3, 3.4; III BuBr salt, 265, 4.2, 4.3, 3.4; III iso-AmBr salt, 265, 4.5, 4.3, 4.3; nicotinic acid (IV), 261 (262, 264), 4.9, 3.6, 2.8; IV MeI salt, 265, 4.3, 4.9, 4.0; trigonelline, 265, 4.0, 3.8, 4.0; IV amide, 260, 4.8, 3.3, 3.0; IV amide-MeI, 265, 4.9, 4.6, 4.8; IV monomethylamide, 262, 5.7, 3.6, 3.5; IV diethylamide (V), 262, 5.2, 3.6, 3.3; V MeCl salt, 268, 4.3, 4.8, 4.6; V EtCl salt, 268, 4.0, 3.8, 3.8; V iso-PrCl salt, 268, 3.5, 3.5, 3.8; V AmCl salt, 265, 4.0, 3.8, 3.0; V AcCl salt, 268, 4.0, 3.8, 3.6; Et ester of isonicotinic acid (VI), 272 (272, 265), 4.5, 2.8, 2.8; VI MeI salt, 275 (278, 268), 4.5, 4.6, 4.4; VI EtBr salt, 275 (268, 265), 4.1, 3.5, 4.1; VI decyl bromide, 275 (278, 265), 4.3, 3.9, 3.5; isonicotinic acid (VII), 270 (263, 265), 4.1, 3.2, 2.1; isotrigonelline, 272 (265, 265), 3.9, 3.9, 4.1; VII amide, 262 (266, 266), 5.0, 2.8, 2.6; VII amide-MeI, 268 (266, 264), 4.7, 4.8, 4.5; VII diethylamide (VIII), 259 (259, 258), 6.3, 3.3, 3.2; VIII MeCl salt, 262, 5.9, 5.9, 5.7; VIII EtCl salt, 262, 5.8, 5.8, 5.5; VIII cetyl chloride, 262, 6.1, 6.3, 5.7. The lack of influence by CO₂H or CO₂R groups was in disagreement with findings by Black (CA 49, 15389h).

Bollettino Scientifico della Facolta di Chimica Industriale di Bologna published new progress about 530-40-5. 530-40-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C10H14N2O, Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics