Month: December 2022

Li, Yongwang published the artcileA study on the rules of ligands in highly efficient Ru-amide/AC catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination, Recommanded Product: 2-Chloroacetamide, the publication is Catalysis Science & Technology (2021), 11(22), 7347-7358, database is CAplus.

To explore the role of substituents on ligands in the modification of metal catalysts, a series of Ru-amide/AC catalysts are synthesized with various amide ligands derived from formamide and assessed for acetylene hydrochlorination. Activity evaluation reveals a rule that replacing a hydrogen on formamide with an electron donor substituent can enhance the catalytic performance, while electron withdrawing substituents have the opposite effect. However, formanilide, which violates this law, shows the best modification effect, which is proved to be the effect of steric hindrance by characterization and DFT calculation Therefore, another rule is concluded that the electron donor ability and steric hindrance of substituents on amide ligands jointly affect the modification effect. Finally, benzanilide, with a superior modification effect, which searched based on the above results, gives strong evidence for the correction of these rules. This work provides a theor. basis for the search for efficient ligands for acetylene hydrochlorination.

Catalysis Science & Technology published new progress about 79-07-2. 79-07-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Inhibitor, name is 2-Chloroacetamide, and the molecular formula is C2H4ClNO, Recommanded Product: 2-Chloroacetamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Chunxiang published the artcileIron-Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reaction of Diynes and Cyanamides at Room Temperature, Formula: C15H14N2, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2013), 78(7), 3065-3072, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

An iron-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition reaction of diynes and cyanamides at room temperature is reported. Highly substituted 2-aminopyridines were obtained in good to excellent yields with high regioselectivity. E.g., in presence of FeI₂, dppp, and Zn dust, [2+2+2] cycloaddition reaction of MeCCCH₂NTsCH₂CCMe and (Me₂CH)₂NCN gave 91% 2-aminopyridine derivative (I). Insights toward the reaction process were investigated through in situ IR spectra and control experiments In this iron-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction, the active iron species was generated only in the presence of both alkynes and nitriles. The lower reaction temperature, broad substrates scope, and inversed regioselectivity make it a complementary method to the previously developed iron catalytic system.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 2451-91-4. 2451-91-4 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Nitrile,Amine,Benzene, name is N,N-Dibenzylcyanamide, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3N4, Formula: C15H14N2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Xinbo published the artcileAerobic oxidation of secondary benzylic alcohols and direct oxidative amidation of aryl aldehydes promoted by sodium hydride, Category: amides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Tetrahedron (2011), 67(19), 3406-3411, database is CAplus.

We reported herein new reactivities and possible mechanistic implications of a simplest oxidant (NaH/air) uncovered on a broad range of useful transformations, including aerobic alc. oxidations, allylic alc. isomerizations and oxidations, cyclopropyl alc. fragmentations, and direct aryl aldehyde oxidative amidations. These readily implementable transition-metal-free processes feature exceptional material accessibility, operational simplicity, and environmental compatibility, and add new dimensions to its synthetic utilities that are fairly robust yet had not previously been fully realized and systematically explored.

Tetrahedron published new progress about 530-40-5. 530-40-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C7H7ClN2S, Category: amides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tian, Wan-Fa published the artcileVisible-Light Photoredox-Catalyzed Iminyl Radical Formation by N-H Cleavage with Hydrogen Release and Its Application in Synthesis of Isoquinolines, Category: amides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Organic Letters (2018), 20(5), 1421-1425, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

An unprecedented visible-light photoredox-catalyzed iminyl radical formation by N-H cleavage with H₂ release has been developed. Its application in the synthesis of various isoquinolines, e.g., I, and related polyaromatics in high atom economy at ambient temperature by applying a photosensitizer, Acr⁺-Mes ClO₄^–, and a new cobalt catalyst, Co(dmgH)₂(4-CONMe₂Py)Cl is reported. Mechanistic investigations indicated that the generated iminyl radical initiates the cascade C-N/C-C bonds formation and the catalytic cycle occurs by a simultaneous oxidative as well as reductive quenching pathway.

Organic Letters published new progress about 530-40-5. 530-40-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C15H14O3, Category: amides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kang, Jianlei published the artcileSynthesis of 5-[[[4-methyl-2-(phenyl)-5-thiazolyl]methyl]thio]-1,3-benzodioxole-2,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives and determination of their activity as PPARδ agonists, Safety of 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide, the publication is Zhongguo Yaowu Huaxue Zazhi (2006), 16(4), 193-197, 207, database is CAplus.

A series of novel 1,3-benzodioxole-2,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives were synthesized from arylamides and pyrocatechol through a ten-step process and the target compounds were screened in a cell-based transient transactivation assay against human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPARδ). A series of target compounds were confirmed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) and ¹H-NMR. The preliminary pharmacol. screening showed that these compounds exhibited definite human PPARδ agonist activity,.

Zhongguo Yaowu Huaxue Zazhi published new progress about 2447-79-2. 2447-79-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Benzene,Amide, name is 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide, and the molecular formula is C7H5Cl2NO, Safety of 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Xing published the artcileHPMC improves protective effects of naringenin and isonicotinamide co-crystals against abdominal aortic aneurysm, Quality Control of 1453-82-3, the publication is Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture is one of the most common causes of mortality in cardiovascular diseases, but currently there is no approved drug for AAA treatment or prevention in the clinic. Naringenin (NGN) has been reported to have anti-AAA effects. However, water solubility and in vivo absorption of NGN are not satisfactory, which leads to its low bioavailability, thus affecting its pharmacol. effects. In this project, the improving effects of isonicotinamide (INT) co-crystal and hydroxy Pr Me cellulose (HPMC) or polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) on the solubility, in vivo absorption, and anti-AAA effects of NGN were evaluated. In the current study, co-crystals of naringenin-isonicotinamide (NGN-INT) were prepared, and effects of PVP or HPMC on precipitation rate, supersaturation, and bioavailability of NGN were explored. In addition, with or without HPMC supply, the effects of NGN-INT co-crystal on anti-AAA efficacy of NGN were investigated on an elastase-induced AAA mouse model, and the results were compared with the efficacy of the NGN crude drug. Our results demonstrate that NGN-INT formulation, compared to the NGN crude drug, enhanced the dissolution rate of NGN and significantly increased C_max and AUC_(0-∞) of NGN by 18 times and 1.97 times, resp. Addition of PVP or HPMC in NGN-INT co-crystal further increased bioavailability of NGN in NGN-INT. The in vivo pharmacodynamic study showed that NGN-INT with HPMC significantly improved the inhibitory effects of NGN against AAA. NGN-INT significantly improved the absorption and aortic protective effects of NGN. The supersaturation-prolonging effect of HPMC further enhanced bioavailability and anti-AAA effects of NGN-INT.

Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy published new progress about 1453-82-3. 1453-82-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is Isonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Quality Control of 1453-82-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jiang, Jiaxuan published the artcileThe isonicotinamide cocrystal promotes inhibitory effects of naringenin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice, Application of Isonicotinamide, the publication is Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology (2020), 101874, database is CAplus.

Cocrystal formation can increase the solubility and dissolution rate of the poorly water-soluble drugs, thus enhancing their oral absorption and bioavailability. Our previous study demonstrates that a high dose (100 mg/kg) of naringenin (NGN) has a prominent inhibitory effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. However, NGN is poorly soluble in water and has low oral bioavailability, which greatly limit its application. To increase solubility and dissolution rate of NGN, the naringenin-isonicotinamide cocrystal (NGN-INT) was prepared by solvent volatilization method. Compared to an equal dose (50 mg/kg) of the NGN crude drug, the NGN-INT significantly increased in vitro release rate as well as in vivo gastrointestinal absorption of NGN and thus more significantly alleviated liver deposition of triglycerides (TG) of the NAFLD mice induced by a methionine choline deficient (MCD) diet.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology published new progress about 1453-82-3. 1453-82-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is Isonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C6H6N2O, Application of Isonicotinamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wei, Congwen published the artcileHDL-scavenger receptor B type 1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 entry, Application of [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, the publication is Nature Metabolism (2020), 2(12), 1391-1400, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Responsible for the ongoing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects host cells through binding of the viral spike protein (SARS-2-S) to the cell-surface receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Here we show that the high-d. lipoprotein (HDL) scavenger receptor B type 1 (SR-B1) facilitates ACE2-dependent entry of SARS-CoV-2. We find that the S1 subunit of SARS-2-S binds to cholesterol and possibly to HDL components to enhance viral uptake in vitro. SR-B1 expression facilitates SARS-CoV-2 entry into ACE2-expressing cells by augmenting virus attachment. Blockade of the cholesterol-binding site on SARS-2-S1 with a monoclonal antibody, or treatment of cultured cells with pharmacol. SR-B1 antagonists, inhibits HDL-enhanced SARS-CoV-2 infection. We further show that SR-B1 is coexpressed with ACE2 in human pulmonary tissue and in several extrapulmonary tissues. Our findings reveal that SR-B1 acts as a host factor that promotes SARS-CoV-2 entry and may help explain viral tropism, identify a possible mol. connection between COVID-19 and lipoprotein metabolism, and highlight SR-B1 as a potential therapeutic target to interfere with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Nature Metabolism published new progress about 321673-30-7. 321673-30-7 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,Scavenger receptor, name is [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, and the molecular formula is C12H14IN, Application of [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tauber, Carolin published the artcileChemical Evolution of Antivirals Against Enterovirus D68 through Protein-Templated Knoevenagel Reactions, Related Products of amides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2021), 60(24), 13294-13301, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The generation of bioactive mols. from inactive precursors is a crucial step in the chem. evolution of life, however, mechanistic insights into this aspect of abiogenesis are scarce. Here, we investigate the protein-catalyzed formation of antivirals by the 3C-protease of enterovirus D68. The enzyme induces aldol condensations yielding inhibitors with antiviral activity in cells. Kinetic and thermodn. analyses reveal that the bioactivity emerges from a dynamic reaction system including inhibitor formation, alkylation of the protein target by the inhibitors, and competitive addition of non-protein nucleophiles to the inhibitors. The most active antivirals are slowly reversible inhibitors with elongated target residence times. The study reveals first examples for the chem. evolution of bio-actives through protein-catalyzed, non-enzymic C-C couplings. The discovered mechanism works under physiol. conditions and might constitute a native process of drug development.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 15029-36-4. 15029-36-4 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Nitrile,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 2-Cyano-N-ethylacetamide, and the molecular formula is C6H9NO3, Related Products of amides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Staab, Heinz A. published the artcileN-Trifluoroacetyl- and N-trichloroacetylimidazole, Name: N,N-Diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide, the publication is Chemische Berichte (1962), 2070-2, database is CAplus.

The syntheses and reactions of N-trifluoroacetylimidazole (I) and N-trichloroacetylimidazole (II) are described. N,N’-Carbonyldiimidazole (III) (20.5 g.) in 100 cc. dry THF treated dropwise with 28.8 g. CF₃CO₂H in 80 cc. THF, cooled several hrs., and filtered gave imidazolium trifluoroacetate (IV), m. 136-7° (tetrahydrofuran); distillation of the filtrate yielded 14.4 g. I, b₁₄ 45-6°. Imidazole (V) (25.8 g.) in 120 cc. dry THF treated dropwise with cooling with 39.9 g. (CF₃CO)₂O in 50 cc. THF, filtered from the IV, and distilled gave 24.8 g. I. CCl₃CO₂H (39.1 g.) and 19.5 g. III in C₆H₆ gave in the usual manner imidazolium trichloroacetate (VI), m. 93-4.5° (decomposition) (CHCl₃), and from the filtrate 18.5 g. II, b_0.001 60-2°, m. 38.5-40°. (CCl₃CO)₂O (31.3 g.) added dropwise with cooling to 17.8 g. V in 170 cc. C₆H₆, filtered from the VI, and distilled yielded 21.7 g. II. I treated in Et₂O or THF at room temperature with an equivalent amount of an appropriate alc. gave the following CF₃CO₂R (R, % yield, m.p. or b.p./mm., and n²⁰_D given): cyclohexyl, 73, 148-9°/760, 1.3839; iso-Am, 74, 119-20°/760, 1.3513; Me₃C, 73, 83°/760, 1.3302 (at 25°); Ph, 75, 48-9°/16, 1.4187 (at 25°). II gave similarly the following CCl₃CO₂R (same data given): cyclohexyl, 81, 122.5-3.5°/14, 1.4805; iso-Am, 84, 97.5-98°/15, 1.4520; Me₃C, 78, 25-6°, -; Ph, 79, 124.5-25°/14, 1.5253. I treated at room temperature with an equivalent amount of an appropriate amine in THF or Et₂O and evaporated, and the residue washed with H₂O gave the corresponding amides of CF₃CO₂H (% yield, and m.p. or b.p./mm. given): diethylamide, 74, 157-8°/760; anilide, 83, 89-90°; 2-naphthylamide, 83, 146-7.5°; p-nitranilide, 84, 151-3°; carbethoxymethylamide, 51, 51°. II gave similarly the following amides of CCl₃CO₂H (same data given): diethylamide, 82, 26-7°; anilide, 90, 94.5-5.5°; N-methylanilide, 87, 72-2.5°. p-H₂NC₆H₄CO₂H (4.12 g.) and 10 g. I in Et₂O at room temperature gave 5.5 g. p-CF₃CONHC₆H₄CO₂H (VII), m. 284-5° with resolidification to a solid which does not melt up to 350°. A similar run with equivalent amounts of reactants gave only 38% VII. VII heated 1 h. at 300° gave with the elimination of CF₃CO₂H a polyamide of p-H₂NC₆H₄CO₂H.

Chemische Berichte published new progress about 360-92-9. 360-92-9 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is N,N-Diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide, and the molecular formula is C10H15ClO3S, Name: N,N-Diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics