Month: December 2022

Rao, G. Venkateswara published the artcilePreferential reactivity of pyridylmagnesium chloride with N,N-dialkyl arylamides over carbonitriles: synthesis of 2-(aroyl) pyridines, COA of Formula: C10H14N2O, the publication is Synthetic Communications (2009), 39(10), 1835-1846, database is CAplus.

Reaction of 2-pyridylmagnesium chlorides with N,N-dialkyl arylamides afford exclusively 2-(aroyl)pyridines in high yields and purity without the formation of any tertiary alc. This method employs easily available raw materials and avoids the use of hazardous lithium reagents and cryogenic conditions. Further, preferential reactivity of this Grignard reagent with N,N-dialkyl arylamides over its carbonitrile counterparts offers a variety of 2-(aroyl)pyridines including the ones containing carbonitrile groups on the aryl ring.

Synthetic Communications published new progress about 530-40-5. 530-40-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C10H14N2O, COA of Formula: C10H14N2O.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Johnson, Amber E published the artcileRelation of Household Income to Access and Adherence to Combination Sacubitril/Valsartan in Heart Failure: A Retrospective Analysis of Commercially Insured Patients., Product Details of C24H29N5O3, the publication is Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes (2022), 15(7), e009179, database is MEDLINE.

BACKGROUND: Outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are influenced by access and adherence to guideline-directed medical therapy. Our objective was to study the association between annual household income and: (1) the odds of having a claim for sacubitril/valsartan among insured patients with HFrEF and (2) medication adherence (measured as the proportion of days covered). We hypothesized that lower annual household income is associated with decreased odds of having a claim for and adhering to sacubitril/valsartan. METHODS: Using the Optum de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart, patients with HFrEF and ≥6 months of enrollment for follow-up (2016-2020) were included. Covariates included age, sex, race, ethnicity, educational attainment, US region, number of prescribed medications, and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index. Prescription for sacubitril/valsartan was defined by the presence of a claim within 6 months of HFrEF diagnosis. Adherence was defined as proportion of days covered ≥80%. We fit multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models and hierarchical logistic regression accounting for covariates. RESULTS: Among 322 007 individuals with incident HFrEF, 135 282 had complete data for analysis. Of the patients eligible for sacubitril/valsartan, 4.7% (6372) had a claim within 6 months of HFrEF diagnosis. Following multivariable adjustment, individuals in the lowest annual income category (<$40 000) were significantly less likely (odds ratio, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.76-0.90]) to have a sacubitril/valsartan claim within 6 months of HFrEF diagnosis than those in the highest annual income category (≥$100 000). Annual income <$40 000 was associated with lower odds of proportion of days covered ≥80% compared with income ≥$100 000 (odds ratio, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.59-0.83]). CONCLUSIONS: Lower household income is associated with decreased likelihood of a sacubitril/valsartan claim and medication adherence within 6 months of HFrEF diagnosis, even after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors. Future analyses are needed to identify additional social factors associated with delays in sacubitril/valsartan initiation and long-term adherence.

Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes published new progress about 137862-53-4. 137862-53-4 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class GPCR/G Protein,Angiotensin Receptor, name is (S)-2-(N-((2′-(1H-Tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)pentanamido)-3-methylbutanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C24H29N5O3, Product Details of C24H29N5O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rydfjord, Jonas published the artcileDecarboxylative Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Aryl Amidines from Aryl Carboxylic Acids: Development and Mechanistic Investigation, Recommanded Product: N,N-Dibenzylcyanamide, the publication is Chemistry – A European Journal (2013), 19(41), 13803-13810, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A fast and convenient synthesis of aryl amidines starting from carboxylic acids and cyanamides is reported. The reaction was achieved by palladium(II) catalysis in a one-step microwave protocol using [Pd(O₂CCF₃)₂], 6-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl, and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP), providing the corresponding aryl amidines in moderate to excellent yields. E.g., in this system, reaction of 2,4,6-trimethoxybenzoic acid and N-cyanopiperidine gave 96% amidine I. The protocol is very robust with regards to the cyanamide coupling partner but requires electron-rich ortho-substituted aryl carboxylic acids. Mechanistic insight was provided by a DFT investigation and direct ESI-MS studies of the reaction. The results of the DFT study correlated well with the exptl. findings and, together with the ESI-MS study, support the suggested mechanism. Furthermore, a scale-out (scale-up) was performed with a non-resonant microwave continuous-flow system, achieving a maximum throughput of 11 mmol h^-1 by using a glass reactor with an inner diameter of 3 mm at a flow rate of 1 mL min^-1.

Chemistry – A European Journal published new progress about 2451-91-4. 2451-91-4 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Nitrile,Amine,Benzene, name is N,N-Dibenzylcyanamide, and the molecular formula is C15H14N2, Recommanded Product: N,N-Dibenzylcyanamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sato, Yuki published the artcileInvolvement of cholesterol membrane transporter Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 in the intestinal absorption of lutein, Quality Control of 321673-30-7, the publication is Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences (2012), 15(2), 256-264, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Purpose: Lutein is a carotenoid mainly found in green leafy vegetables and is located in the macula lutea in the human eye. Since humans cannot synthesize lutein de novo, it must be digested as food. The physiol. importance of an orally administered compound depends on its interaction with target tissues. It is therefore important to clarify the absorption mechanism in the intestine. Cholesterol membrane transporters Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) and scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) are involved in the intestinal absorption of highly lipophilic compounds including cholesterol. Ezetimibe, a selective inhibitor of intestinal NPC1L1, is the widespread lipid-lowering agent. It is important to investigate the possibility of food-drug interactions in order to prevent undesirable and harmful clin. consequences. The aim of this work was to determine whether NPC1L1, SR-B1 and other transporters are involved in absorption of lutein. Methods: Caco-2 cells were used for accumulation and permeability study of lutein. Lutein concentration was determined by an HPLC system. The cDNA of transporters was isolated from total RNA of Caco-2 cells and the expression of these transporters was confirmed by RT-PCR (reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction). Results: Ezetimibe inhibited up to 40% of lutein accumulation by Caco-2 cell monolayers. Block lipid transport 1 (BLT-1), a selective chem. inhibitor of SR-B1, also inhibited lutein accumulation by Caco-2 cells. On the other hand, ATP-depletion reagents (sodium fluoride and sodium azide or carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone) did not influence the accumulation or permeation of lutein significantly. Conclusions: The results show that lutein absorption is, at least in part, mediated by influx transporters NPC1L1 and SR-B1 rather than mediated by efflux transporters such as ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters.

Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences published new progress about 321673-30-7. 321673-30-7 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,Scavenger receptor, name is [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, and the molecular formula is C12H23N3S, Quality Control of 321673-30-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yavorskii, N. P. published the artcileComplexes of cadmium thiocyanate and bromide with nitrogen-containing drugs, Formula: C10H14N2O, the publication is Farmatsiya (Moscow, Russian Federation) (1970), 19(2), 49-53, database is CAplus.

A study of complex formation of Cd thiocyanate (I) and CdBr2 with N-containing bases is presented. Piperazine, isoniazid, and amidopyridine form complexes XCd(CNS)2 (X = base) with I, with hexamethylenetetramine X.2Cd(CNS)2, and with nicotine X2.Cd(CNS)2.2HCNS. With CdBr2, complexes of the type X.CdBr2.2HBr are obtained with N-containing bases. The formed complexes with I and with CdBr2 are poorly H2O soluble The reaction sensitivity for I ranges from 5 to 40,000 γ/ml, and for CdBr2 from 10 to 30,000 γ/ml of the investigated bases. Complexes of preparations used in the form of salts have a common composition

Farmatsiya (Moscow, Russian Federation) published new progress about 530-40-5. 530-40-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C30H24BrCuN2P, Formula: C10H14N2O.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Marchlewski, L. published the artcileAbsorption of ultra-violet light by some organic substances. XXIX, Formula: C10H14N2O, the publication is Bulletin International de l’Academie Polonaise des Sciences et des Lettres, Classe des Sciences Mathematiques et Naturelles, Serie A: Sciences Mathematiques (1933), 95-8, database is CAplus.

The α, β and γ isomers of C₅H₄NCONEt₂ in aqueous solution give similar absorption spectra in the ultra-violet, but the spectra are quite different from that of C₅H₅N (cf. C. A. 23, 5405). Each shows one absorption band with maximum and min. as follows: α isomer, maximum at 2625 A. U., min. at 2455 A. U.; β isomer, maximum at 2615 A. U., min. at 2475 A. U.; γ isomer, maximum at 2580 A. U., min. at 2430 A. U.

Bulletin International de l’Academie Polonaise des Sciences et des Lettres, Classe des Sciences Mathematiques et Naturelles, Serie A: Sciences Mathematiques published new progress about 530-40-5. 530-40-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C10H14N2O, Formula: C10H14N2O.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Baran, Nicole published the artcilePesticides in groundwater at a national scale (France): Impact of regulations, molecular properties, uses, hydrogeology and climatic conditions, Computed Properties of 79-07-2, the publication is Science of the Total Environment (2021), 148137, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Contaminants in groundwater are a major issue worldwide. Temporal trends of such occurrences in French groundwaters were evaluated for several active substances of pesticides belonging to different chem. classes, to identify key factors explaining groundwater contamination. Our study relied on exploitation of a French national database (ADES, created in the mid-1990s and remarkable for the available data, including over 88 million analyses). Temporal changes in the frequency of exceeding a reference value of 0.1μg/L for several substances were determined at yearly and monthly scales. Such trends were examined by distinguishing different periods according to changes in regulations (new approval, withdrawal, or dose reduction), and were combined with data on effective rainfall as a proxy for groundwater recharge, on aquifer lithol., and on sales of active substances as a proxy for actual applications. A review of monthly data shows that a rapid transfer of pesticides with contrasting physico-chem. properties can occur after application in many aquifers, regardless of their lithol. For substances such as metolachlor, showing a sharp increase in sales, a clear relationship exists between quantities sold and frequency of exceeding the reference value. For other active substances, such as isoproturon or chlortoluron, frequencies of exceedance are governed by both sales and effective rainfall. Finally, the occurrence of active substances in groundwater several years after their withdrawal from the market is explained by at least three major mechanisms: the transfer time from soil into groundwater, processes of remobilization from soil and/or unsaturated zone, and no or low degradation in the saturated zone. While these processes are well documented for atrazine and different types of aquifers, they can be virtually unknown for other active substances.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about 79-07-2. 79-07-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Inhibitor, name is 2-Chloroacetamide, and the molecular formula is C2H4ClNO, Computed Properties of 79-07-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sivasubramanian, Rama published the artcileThe Bioequivalence Between Valsartan Oral Solution and Suspension Formulations Developed for Pediatric Use, Application of (S)-2-(N-((2′-(1H-Tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)pentanamido)-3-methylbutanoic acid, the publication is Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development (2022), 11(7), 843-848, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The bioequivalence of valsartan 160 mg oral solution compared to suspension was assessed in a single-dose, open-label, randomized, 2-period, 2-way crossover study in 82 healthy adults. The participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive a single dose of the solution or suspension formulation in each of the two treatment periods. Serial blood samples for pharmacokinetic evaluation were collected up to 48 h post-dose. The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by noncompartmental methods and analyzed as per bioequivalence criteria of statistical anal. The peak plasma concentration of valsartan was reached with median time of 1 and 3 h with solution and suspension formulation, resp. Compared to suspension formulation, the mean peak plasma concentration with solution formulation was higher by 32(90CI, 1.27-1.38) while the geometric mean ratios (1.09) and the associated 90CIs (1.05-1.13) of both the areas under the concentration time-curves (from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration and from time zero to infinity) were contained in the required range of 0.80 to 1.25. No new safety signals were observed with either of the formulations.

Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development published new progress about 137862-53-4. 137862-53-4 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class GPCR/G Protein,Angiotensin Receptor, name is (S)-2-(N-((2′-(1H-Tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)pentanamido)-3-methylbutanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C18H10, Application of (S)-2-(N-((2′-(1H-Tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)pentanamido)-3-methylbutanoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bose, D. Subhas published the artcileA simple method for the synthesis of nitriles from primary amides under neutral conditions, Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide, the publication is Synthetic Communications (1999), 29(23), 4235-4239, database is CAplus.

1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) is a very useful reagent for the preparation of nitriles in good yields under neutral conditions. For example, dehydration of 2,4-dimethoxybenzamide gave 2,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile. Elimination reaction of 4-chlorobenzenecarbothioamide gave 4-chlorobenzonitrile.

Synthetic Communications published new progress about 2447-79-2. 2447-79-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Benzene,Amide, name is 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide, and the molecular formula is C7H5Cl2NO, Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Karikalan, Natarajan published the artcileSimultaneous in-situ extraction and electrochemical detection of antidepressant drug imipramine and its active metabolite in human biofluid samples, COA of Formula: C17H14F3N3O2S, the publication is Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical (2022), 131960, database is CAplus.

The rapidly advancing modern healthcare system necessitates the development of cutting-edge technologies for therapeutic drug monitoring. Protein-bound drugs challenge the rapid quantification of anal. methods that require addnl. separation and cleanup processes, which delay the development of point-of-care testing platform. Here, a human serum albumin (HSA)/iron molybdate (FeM;Fe2(MoO4)3)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is reported for the in-situ extraction and determination of imipramine (IMP) drug and its active metabolite desipramine (DMP) in human serum and plasma samples. HSA was used for the extraction of drugs from the complex plasma proteins, and the extracted drugs were directly detected by FeM/rGO without addnl. sample cleanup. The developed sensor, which was optimized for the drug therapeutic window under normal conditions, exhibited a linear range of 10-756 ng/mL as well as a remarkable limit of detection and sensitivity of approx. 4 ± 2 ng/mL and 0.0124 ± 0.0003μA cm-2 ng-1 mL, resp., for IMP-DMP. The spike-and-recovery method was used to validate the developed sensor in real sample anal. Based on the results, the sensing mechanism was elucidated: protein-protein interaction facilitates drug transportation from the plasma protein to electrode surface. Thereby, the HSA-FeM/rGO modified electrode recovered more drugs in biofluids compared with HSA unmodified electrode.

Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical published new progress about 169590-42-5. 169590-42-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sulfamide,Immunology/Inflammation,COX, name is 4-(5-(p-Tolyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide, and the molecular formula is C17H14F3N3O2S, COA of Formula: C17H14F3N3O2S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics