Occurrences of Tire Rubber-Derived Contaminants in Cold-Climate Urban Runoff was written by Challis, J. K.;Popick, H.;Prajapati, S.;Harder, P.;Giesy, J. P.;McPhedran, K.;Brinkmann, M.. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology Letters in 2021.Application of 2387-23-7 This article mentions the following:
Recent findings that 2-anilo-5-[(4-methylpentan-2-yl)amino]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (6PPD-quinone), the transformation product of a common tire rubber antioxidant, is acutely toxic in stormwater-impacted streams has highlighted the need for a better understanding of contaminants in urban runoff. This study represents one of the first reports of 6PPD-quinone and other tire rubber-derived compounds in stormwater and snowmelt of a cold-climate Canadian city (Saskatoon, 2019-2020). Semiquantification of the five target compounds, N,N′-diphenylguanidine (DPG), N,N-dicyclohexylmethylamine (DCA), N,N′-dicyclohexylurea (DCU), 1-cyclohexyl-3-phenylurea (CPU), and 6PPD-quinone, revealed DPG was most abundant, with average concentrations of 60 μg L-1 in stormwater and 1 μg L-1 in snowmelt. Maximum observed concentrations of DPG were greater than 300 μg L-1, equivalent to loadings of 15 kg from a single rain event. These concentrations of DPG represent some of the highest reported in urban runoff globally. 6PPD-Quinone was detected in 57% (12/21) of stormwater samples with a mean concentration of approx. 600 ng L-1 (2019) and greater than 80% (28/31) of snowmelt samples with mean concentrations of 80-370 ng L-1 (2019 and 2020). Concentrations of 6PPD-quinone exceeded the acute LC50 for coho salmon (0.8-1.2 μg L-1) in greater than 20% of stormwater samples. Mass loadings of all target chems. correlated well with roads and residential land-use area. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Application of 2387-23-7).
1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Application of 2387-23-7
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics