Month: February 2023

Sequential One-pot Method for the Synthesis of 4-(Hydroxymethyl)oxazoles and their Application in Phosphonates Synthesis was written by Kajol, Km;Ramesh, Chintakunta. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.SDS of cas: 2670-38-4 This article mentions the following:

A sequential one-pot method for the synthesis of 4-(hydroxymethyl)oxazoles from readily available benzamides was developed. Various substituted benzamides well-tolerated and furnished 4-(hydroxymethyl)oxazoles in moderate to good yields under the present reaction conditions. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of the present methodol., the resulting 4-(hydroxymethyl)oxazoles were successfully transformed into its corresponding phosphonates under Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction conditions. This methodol. featured a broad substrate scope, step economy, ease of execution, and scalability. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,4-Dichlorobenzamide (cas: 2670-38-4SDS of cas: 2670-38-4).

3,4-Dichlorobenzamide (cas: 2670-38-4) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.SDS of cas: 2670-38-4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mechanism of the cytostatic action of methylhydrazines. III was written by Weitzel, Guenther;Schneider, Friedhelm;Hirschmann, Wolf D.;Durst, Juergen;Thauer, Rudolf K.;Ochs, Hans Dieter;Kummer, Dieter. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Physiologische Chemie in 1967.SDS of cas: 13255-50-0 This article mentions the following:

Hydrazine acetate (225-750 γ) injected i.v. into mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumors reduced the incorporation rate of thymidine (I) and leucine (II) into the tumor cells dependent on dose; uridine (III) incorporation was not influenced. I.p. injections of Natulan (IV) (4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]-N-isopropylbenzamide) and Azo-Natulan (4-(methylazomethyl)-N-isopropylbenzamide) (10 mg.) into mice bearing ascites tumors preferentially reduced the incorporation of III and also reduced I and II incorporation. Demethylated IV (4-(hydrazinomethyl)-N-isopropylbenzamide) reduced II and III, but not I incorporation. In the presence of NADPH, liver microsomes split IV to give HCHO. N-Isopropyl-4-formylbenzamide (1-2 × 10-3M) inhibited III and II and, to a lesser extent, I incorporation into ascites cells in vitro and produced similar results when injected at 15 mg. into ascitic mice. The biosynthesis of proteins in a cell-free system was not inhibited by hydrazine acetate, methylhydrazine, formalhydrazine, benzylhydrazine, 1-methyl-2-benzylhydrazine, IV, or demethylated IV. The spontaneous reaction of the IV degradation product, N-isopropyl-4-formylbenzamide, with amino acids produced Schiff bases, which could inhibit II incorporation by removing amino acids from protein synthesis. The synthesis of DNA and RNA was affected in the following manner. Hydrazine acetate (1-2 × 10-3M) inhibited the formation of purine deoxynucleosides. The HCHO resulting from the Me group of methylhydrazine inhibited the formation of deoxynucleoside diphosphates and deoxynucleoside triphosphates. The substituent N-isopropylcarbamide in the para position on the benzene ring inhibited the entrance of nucleosides and purines into the cell, resulting in a general lowering of the intracellular content of nucleosides and purines. In addition to condensation with amino acids, the aldehyde group of the N-isopropyl-4-formylbenzamide inhibited the formation of the nucleoside diphosphates and nucleoside triphosphates. All of these effects could be demonstrated simultaneously for IV and Azo-Natulan. 27 references. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0SDS of cas: 13255-50-0).

4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.SDS of cas: 13255-50-0

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Use of product and ingredient tools to assess the environmental profile of automatic dishwashing detergents was written by Van Hoof, Gert;Fan, Ming;Lievens, Alain. And the article was included in Journal of Cleaner Production in 2017.COA of Formula: C10H16N2O4 This article mentions the following:

Sustainable use of resources is gaining more attention as demonstrated into recent policy goals by the United Nations and the European Union and becomes an integral part of many corporate sustainability visions. The case study shows the more efficient use of materials in P&G automatic dishwashing detergents (ADD) placed on the market in Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) by replacing sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) with Me glycine diacetic acid (MGDA). The use of phosphates in ADD in the European Union will be restricted as of 2017. This study is innovative as it combines several tools in a complementary way to enable data based decision making. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) consistent with ISO 14040/44 standards compares environmental impacts for two ADD unit dose products (i.e. with and without STPP). Different assessment tools were used to evaluate the freshwater aquatic toxicity profile: the Critical Dilution Volume (CDV), USEtox, environmental risk assessment and the Environmental Safety Check (ESC). For the relevant LCA indicators, a significant reduction (i.e. > 10%) is observed on ADD products without phosphate vs. the phosphate containing product. CDV and USEtox scores on the down the drain emissions from the new product are reduced by 30% and 22% resp. as compared to the phosphate containing formula. Overall, no major trade-offs are observed with the replacement of STPP by MGDA. Benefits are due to a 20% reduction of the mass of ingredients per dose with the new product and the replacement of STPP by MGDA. The ESC evaluation and environmental risk assessment for MGDA show that a low environmental risk is expected per its favorable environmental fate and ecotoxicol. profiles. Based on the proven safety profile of MGDA, the reductions in LCA indicators and absence of trade-offs, it can be concluded that the new product has an improved environmental profile. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4COA of Formula: C10H16N2O4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.COA of Formula: C10H16N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one derivatives as leukotriene A₄ hydrolase aminopeptidase inhibitors was written by Zhang, Fan;Wu, Dang;Wang, Gao-Lei;Hou, Shuang;Ping, Ou-Yang;Huang, Jin;Xu, Xiao-Yong. And the article was included in Chinese Chemical Letters in 2017.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A series of novel 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one derivatives I [R = H, 6-O₂N, 7-Cl, etc.; X = (CH₂)_n; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4] were designed, synthesized and their inhibitory activities against leukotriene A4 hydrolase aminopeptidase in-vitro were evaluated. Many compounds showed moderate to good activities at the concentration of 10 μmol/L. Among them, compound I [R = 7-Cl; X = (CH₂)₄ (II)] exhibited the highest inhibitory activity up to 80.6% with an IC₅₀ of 1.30 ± 0.20 μmol/L. The compound II was also tested for the proliferation inhibitory activities in THP1 human AML cell line and its binding model with LTA4H enzyme by mol. docking was studied. It indicated that 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one was a promising scaffold for further study. The relationship between structure and inhibitory activity was also preliminarily discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide (cas: 119023-25-5Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide (cas: 119023-25-5) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene(dithiazole)-4,5-dione derivatives: synthesis, electronic properties, crystal packing and charge transport was written by Getmanenko, Yulia A.;Fonari, Marina;Risko, Chad;Sandhu, Bhupinder;Galan, Elena;Zhu, Lingyun;Tongwa, Paul;Hwang, Do Kyung;Singh, Sanjeev;Wang, He;Tiwari, Shree Prakash;Loo, Yueh-Lin;Bredas, Jean-Luc;Kippelen, Bernard;Timofeeva, Tatiana;Marder, Seth R.. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry C: Materials for Optical and Electronic Devices in 2013.Application of 116332-61-7 This article mentions the following:

A series of dihalo- and bis-aroyl-substituted benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene-4,5-diones were synthesized, and their electronic, electrochem., and elec. properties investigated. Synthetic strategies to increase (i) the conjugation length of the base mol. structure – through introduction of thiophene units bearing electronically neutral substituents (hydrogen or alkyl groups) or strong electron-withdrawing pentafluorobenzoyl group(s) – and (ii) the electron affinity – by moving to a benzo[1,2-d:4,3-d’]bis(thiazole)-4,5-dione structure – were developed. Mol. packing in the single crystal was studied by single-crystal x-ray structural anal., and this information was subsequently used in the determination of the electronic band structures, densities of states (DOS), effective transfer integrals, and effective charge-carrier masses via d. functional theory (DFT) methods. The charge-carrier transport properties of the benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene-4,5-dione and benzo[1,2-d:4,3-d’]bis(thiazole)-4,5-dione derivatives were investigated through the fabrication and characterization of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) via both solution-processed and vacuum-deposited films. 2,7-Bis-pentafluorobenzoyl-benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene-4,5-dione (I) exhibited field-effect behavior with an average electron mobility μ_e = 4.4 (±1.7) × 10^-4 cm² V^-1 s^-1 when the active layer was vacuum-deposited, and a larger μ_e= 6.9 × 10^-3 cm² V^-1 s^-1 when the active layer was solution-processed. These results are in stark contrast with the DFT-determined electronic band structure and effective mass, which indicate that the material possesses good intrinsic charge-carrier transport characteristics. The combined results reveal the importance of thin-film processing and that further processing refinements could lead to improved device performance. Only one material with benzo[1,2-d:4,3-d’]bis(thiazole)-4,5-dione core, 2,7-bis-(4-n-hexyl-thiophene-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-d:4,3-d’]bis(thiazole)-4,5-dione (II), showed average μ_e = 8.2 × 10^-5 cm² V^-1 s^-1 in OFET with solution-processed active layer. Unexpectedly, measurable hole transport was observed for 2,7-bis-(5-n-nonyl-thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene-4,5-dione (III) (μ_h = 8.5 × 10^-5 cm² V^-1 s^-1) and 2,6-bis-(thiophen-2-yl)-3,5-di-n-hexyl-4H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophen-4-one (IV) (μ_h = 3.7 × 10^-4 cm² V^-1 s^-1). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7Application of 116332-61-7).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Application of 116332-61-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gastroprotective action of the ethanol extract of Leonurus sibiricus L. (Lamiaceae) in mice was written by Biano, Laiza S.;Oliveira, Alan S.;Palmeira, David N.;Silva, Luis Andre;de Albuquerque-Junior, Ricardo L. C.;Duarte, Marcelo C.;Correa, Cristiane B.;Grespan, Renata;Batista, Josemar S.;Camargo, Enilton A.. And the article was included in Journal of Ethnopharmacology in 2022.Quality Control of 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide This article mentions the following:

Leonurus sibiricus L. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant known in Brazil as “rubim” or “erva de macae”. It is used for various purposes, including stomach disorders. To evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of L. sibiricus (EELs) in models of gastric damage in mice. The effect of EELs (50, 100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o., 1 h before induction) was tested on acidified ethanol (ACEt)-induced gastric ulcers. Addnl., we tested the effect of EELs (by intraduodenal administration) in the pylorus ligation (PL) model. Pretreatment with EELs, at 300 mg/kg, but not 50 and 100 mg/kg, reduced the relative area of gastric ulcers induced by ACEt (p < 0.01) and lipoperoxidation (p < 0.001), and increased the sulfhydryl content (p < 0.01) in the stomach in comparison with the vehicle group. Pretreatment with N-ethylmaleimide (a blocker of non-protein sulfhydryl groups, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) or glibenclamide (a KATP channel blocker, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited the gastroprotective response caused by EELs (300 mg/kg; p < 0.001), but there were no alterations due to pretreatments with inhibitors of the synthesis of prostaglandins (indomethacin, 10 mg/kg), nitric oxide (L-NAME, 70 mg/kg) or hydrogen sulfide (DL-propargylglycine, 10 mg/kg). Treatment with EELs (300 mg/kg) reduced mucus production (p < 0.001) and the volume of gastric secretion (p < 0.001) after PL without affecting gastric acidity or pH. These results provide evidence that EELs exerts gastroprotective action in mice, with the participation of oxidative stress and mediation of NP-SH, KATP channels and mucus production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Quality Control of 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Quality Control of 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aminoborohydrides. 3. A facile reduction of tertiary amides to the corresponding amines and alcohols in high purity using lithium aminoborohydrides. Sterically controlled selective carbon-nitrogen or carbon-oxygen bond cleavage was written by Fisher, Gary B.;Fuller, Joseph C.;Harrison, John;Goralski, Christian T.;Singaram, Bakthan. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1993.Formula: C11H15NO2 This article mentions the following:

Lithium aminoborohydrides (LiABH₃), obtained by the reaction of n-BuLi with amine-boranes, are powerful reducing agents for the reduction of tertiary amides to the corresponding amines or alcs. Lithium pyrrolidinoborohydride and lithium diisopropylaminoborohydride reduce both aliphatic and aromatic tertiary amides to give either the corresponding alc. or amine, depending on the steric requirement of the tertiary amide and the LiABH₃ used. The yields of amines and alcs. from this procedure range from very good to essentially quant. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2Formula: C11H15NO2).

N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Formula: C11H15NO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dual-curable isocyanate crosslinking agents blocked by methacrylate-functionalized pyrazoles with lower curing temperature was written by Kim, Soeun;Hong, Jun Ui;Ha, Miran;Noh, Seung Man. And the article was included in Progress in Organic Coatings in 2021.Name: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea This article mentions the following:

To develop a polyurethane-based automotive clearcoat with a lower curing temperature, methacrylate-functionalized pyrazole derivatives were newly designed and synthesized as isocyanate blocking agents and their chem. structures were identified by ¹H NMR. These novel blocking agents were used to block the functional groups of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) trimer (com. known as Desmodur N3300), and d. functional theory simulations were performed to predict the activation energy of the deblocking process and to determine the H-N distance in the pyrazole mols. The curing behavior of the blocked isocyanate with polyol resin at 110, 120, and 130°C was investigated using an oscillatory rheometer and a rigid-body pendulum tester. In addition, their results were compared with those for a com. available 3,5-di-Me pyrazole-blocked HDI trimer (Desmodur PL350). The thermal properties of the clearcoat films cured at 130°C were investigated using thermogravimetric anal., differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mech. anal., and the surface mech. properties of the cured films were evaluated using a nano-indentation tester. The novel pyrazole blocking agents contributed to lowering the deblocking temperature and enhancing the mech. properties via supplementary radical polymerization of deblocked methacrylate-functionalized pyrazoles, resulting in interpenetrating crosslinked polymer networks. This study provides a new concept of isocyanate blocking agents with lower deblocking temperatures and higher crosslinking densities, resulting in blocked isocyanates that can be used in various coating materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Name: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Name: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Continuous degradation of micropollutants in real world treated wastewaters by photooxidation in dynamic conditions was written by Brice, Reoyo-Prats;Anastasia, Sellier;Somar, Khaska;Corinne, Le Gal Lassalle;Karine, Weiss;Vincent, Goetz;Gael, Plantard. And the article was included in Water Research in 2022.Recommanded Product: 10238-21-8 This article mentions the following:

Wastewater is a major issue for the ecosystem because of its considerable quantities, the treatment methods adopted in the large majority of WWTPs, and its level of contamination by various types of pollutants, especially emerging ones. One of the solutions considered to reduce this pressure on water is the reuse of wastewater after treatment for watering green areas, road cleaning, industry, groundwater recharge but also for crop irrigation. This paper proposes to study the capabilities of a photoreactor for the removal of micropollutants contained in wastewater from wastewater treatment plants. The experiments are carried out under dynamic artificial irradiation conditions which can be controlled in order to apply irradiation representative of the sunshine conditions. The experiments aim at treating a real effluent from urban wastewater. On the basis of these data, the photo-oxidation mass capacities expressed per unit of irradiated surface and per day were evaluated. Our results show that the oxidation process acts in a selective and differentiated manner according to the categories of substances and within each category. Some mols. are not or only partially oxidized. Note that the photo-reactor fed continuously with wastewater from wastewater treatment plants containing about 80 substances, is subjected to a typical irradiation setpoint of a sunny day in Apr. This allows to define the instantaneous and daily capacities of the system with respect to the target mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Recommanded Product: 10238-21-8).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Recommanded Product: 10238-21-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

[Effect of tranilast on wound healing and administration time on scar hyperplasia of deep partial-thickness burn in mice]. was written by Hu, Zhenzhen;Chen, Bin;Li, Yang;Jiang, Wei;Wen, Lihong;Ji, Fukang;Yang, Xiao;Wang, Jinhuang;Liu, Dalie. And the article was included in Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery in 2017.Product Details of 53902-12-8 This article mentions the following:

Objective: To investigate the effect of tranilast on wound healing and the mechanism of inhibiting scar hyperplasia in mice, and to study the relationship between the inhibiting ability of tranilast on scar hyperplasia and administration time. Methods: Sixty-six Kunming mice were selected to build deep II degree burn model, and were randomly divided into the control group (18 mice), the early intervention group (18 mice), the medium intervention group (18 mice), and the late intervention group (12 mice). The mice in the early intervention group, the medium-term intervention group, and the late intervention group were given tranilast 200 mg/(kg·d) by gastrogavage at immediate, 7 days, and 14 days after burn respectively, and the mice in the control group were managed with same amount of normal saline every day. The wound healing was observed regularly. At 14, 28, and 42 days in the early and medium intervention groups and at 28 and 42 days in the late intervention group, fresh tissues were taken from 6 mice to observe the shape of mast cells by toluidine blue staining, collagen content by Masson staining; the collagen type I and collagen type III content were measured to calculate the I/III collagen content ratio by immunohistochemistry method, the contents of transforming growth factor β ₁ (TGF-β ₁) and histamine were detected by ELISA; and the ultrastructure of fibroblasts was observed under transmission electron microscope. Results: There was no significant difference in wound healing time between groups ( F=1.105, P=0.371). The mast cells number, collagen content, TGF-β ₁ content, histamine content, and the I/III collagen content ratio in the early intervention group were significantly less than those in the other groups ( P<0.05). Significant difference was found in mast cells number, collagen content, and histamine content between control group and medium or late intervention group at the other time points ( P<0.05) except between control group and late intervention group at 42 days ( P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the activity of fibroblasts in the early intervention group was obviously inhibited, and the arrangement of the fibers was more regular; the fibroblast activity in the medium and late intervention groups was also inhibited obviously. Conclusion: Tranilast has no obvious effect on the wound healing time in mice. Tranilast intervention shows the inhibitory effect on the scar hyperplasia which can significantly reduce the number of mast cells, the content of histamine and TGF-β ₁, inhibit the ability of fibroblasts synthetic collagen and adjust the proportion of collagen synthesis. The immediate tranilast intervention may have the best inhibitory effect on scar hyperplasia. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Product Details of 53902-12-8).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Product Details of 53902-12-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics