Month: February 2023

Reaction of phenol with diethylcarbamoyl chloride in the presence of Lewis acids was written by Isakova, A. P.;Naumov, Yu. A.;Nikeryasova, S. V.;Stepanova, A. A.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii in 1982.Related Products of 19311-91-2 This article mentions the following:

In the presence of SnCl₄ or AlCl₃, Et₂NCOCl reacted with PhOH to give Et₂NCO₂Ph, which at 175-80° underwent a Fries rearrangement to give I, II, and III, which were inactive as pesticides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2Related Products of 19311-91-2).

N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Related Products of 19311-91-2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tranilast prevents doxorubicin-induced myocardial hypertrophy and angiotensin II synthesis in rats was written by Zhan, Chengchuang;Bai, Nan;Zheng, Min;Wang, Yanyan;Wang, Yuanqi;Zhang, Li;Li, Jianqiang;Li, Guangnan;Zhao, Hongyan;Liu, Guangzhong;Lou, Qi;Yang, Wen;Li, Tiankai;Li, Luyifei;Li, Weimin. And the article was included in Life Sciences in 2021.Recommanded Product: 53902-12-8 This article mentions the following:

An increase in oxidative stress is an important pathol. mechanism of heart injury induced by doxorubicin (DOX). Tranilast is an anti-allergy drug that has been shown to possess good antioxidant activity in previous studies. The overexpression and secretion of chymase by mast cells (MCs) increase the pathol. overexpression of angiotensin II (Ang II), which plays a crucial role in myocardial hypertrophy and the deterioration of heart disease. The MC stabilizer tranilast (N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid; tran) prevents mast cells from degranulating, which may reduce DOX-induced Ang II synthesis. Therefore, in the present study, we hypothesized that tranilast will protect rats from DOX-induced myocardial damage via its antioxidant activity, thereby inhibiting Ang II expression. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n = 10 in each group) that received DOX, a combination of DOX and tranilast or saline (the control group) to test this hypothesis. Tranilast suppressed chymase expression, reduced Ang II levels and prevented the myocardial hypertrophy and the deterioration of heart function induced by DOX. Based on the findings of the present study, the suppression of chymase-dependent Ang-II production and the direct effect of tranilast on the inhibition of apoptosis and fibrosis because of its antioxidant stress capacity may contribute to the protective effect of tranilast against DOX-induced myocardial hypertrophy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Recommanded Product: 53902-12-8).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Recommanded Product: 53902-12-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In-Water Synthesis of Quinazolinones from 1,1-Dichloro-2-nitroethene and Anthranilamides was written by Zhu, Fengjuan;Song, Runjiang;Li, Shen;Shao, Xusheng. And the article was included in Synlett in 2016.Recommanded Product: 6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide This article mentions the following:

An efficient synthetic methodol. was developed for direct formation of quinazolinones with 2-nitromethyl substituent via 1,1-dichloro-2-nitroethene and anthranilamides. This strategy provides an alternative for quinazolinones construction with merits of proceeding in water, easy purification, and no addition of catalysts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide (cas: 54166-95-9Recommanded Product: 6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide).

6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide (cas: 54166-95-9) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Recommanded Product: 6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The synthesis of proximal-benzoguanine and a simplified synthesis of proximal-benzohypoxanthine was written by Schneller, Stewart W.;Ibay, Augusto C.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1986.Formula: C7H7ClN2O This article mentions the following:

7-Aminoimidazo[4,5-f]quinazolin-9(8H)-one (proximal-benzoguanine I, R = NH₂) was prepared in five steps from 2-amino-6-chlorobenzamide. Methylation of I (R = NH₂) gave exclusively 7-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinazolin-9(8H)-one(II). (proximal-Benzohypoxanthine I(R = H) was available directly from 3-amino-2,6-dinitrobenzonitrile in a more efficient route than the one previously reported in the literature. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide (cas: 54166-95-9Formula: C7H7ClN2O).

6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide (cas: 54166-95-9) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Formula: C7H7ClN2O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Changes in physicomechanical properties and structures of jute fibers after tetraacetylethylenediamine activated hydrogen peroxide treatment was written by Wang, Weiming;Xu, Meng;Lou, Jiahao;Dong, Aixue. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Research and Technology in 2020.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) activated hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was tentatively used in the bleaching of scoured jute fibers, and the effects of this method on the physicomech. properties, main chem. compositions, and structures during bleaching were evaluated and compared with conventional H₂O₂ bleaching. By comparing with H₂O₂ bleached jute fibers, the TAED-activated H₂O₂ bleached jute fibers were found to have a better storage stability of whiteness and yellowness, higher breaking tenacity, lower fineness value and breaking extension. The differences in morphol. structure and thermogravimetric anal. showed that the TAED-activated H₂O₂ bleaching system had a stronger ability for the removal of noncellulosic materials than conventional H₂O₂ bleaching system. The changes in main chem. compositions and Fourier transform IR spectra further indicated that the removal ability of TAED-activated bleaching for lignin was obviously stronger than that of conventional bleaching, but it had a similar removal ability for hemicellulose. Furthermore, when the whiteness and yellowness values were similar, the amount of H₂O₂, bleaching temperature, and time of TAED-activated H₂O₂ bleaching were obviously less than those of H₂O₂ bleaching. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dipole moments and structure of some sulfanilamide compounds was written by Pushkareva, Z. V.;Kokoshko, Z. Yu.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii in 1954.Recommanded Product: 53297-70-4 This article mentions the following:

Dipole moments of several sulfonamides were determined conventionally in dioxane (C₆H₆ was used as a reference liquid) at 25°; at. polarization was neglected; the electronic polarization (P_e) was calculated from the exptl. value of refraction of PhSO₂NH₂ (cf. Gur’yanova, C.A. 41, 6786a). The following values of the polarization at infinite dilution (P_∞), P_e, and dipole moment (μ × 10¹⁸), resp., are reported for PhSO₂NHR (R given): H, 571.39, 40.13, 5.09; Ph (m. 109-10°), 595.34, 64.22, 5.07; 3,5-Cl₂C₆H₃ (m. 134-5°), 539.08, 73.85, 4.75; p-H₂NSO₂C₆H₄ (m. 148°), 714.82, 78.06, 5.55; Ac (m. 122°, from PhSO₂NH₂ and Ac₂O), 558.14, 49.37, 4.96; 2-pyridyl (m. 171-2°), 573.51, 65.76, 4.95. Also p-H₂NC₆H₄SO₂NH₂, -, -, 6.60; 3,4-Me(H₂N)C₆H₃SO₂NH₂ (prepared by sulfonation of o-MeC₆H₄NHAc at 60-70° with HO₃SCl 2 hrs., followed by aqueous NH₄OH, yielding the crude amide, m. 202-4°; this heated to 80° in 1:3 H₂SO₄ 1.5 hrs. and the filtrate treated with NH₄OH gave the final product, m. 145-6°), 808.14, 48.27, 6.06; 1,4-H₂NC₁₀H₆SO₂NH₂ (m. 212°), 943.94, 61.09, 6.53; p-H₂₂NC₆H₄SO₂NHAc (Albucide) (m. 182°), 1030.45, 58.80, 6.88; sulfapyridine (m. 192°), 1189.56, 69.08, 7.2; p-H₂NC₆H₄SO₂NHC₆H₄SO₂NH₂, 1090.78, 82.58, 6.99. Comparison of the moments so obtained with the vectorial addition of moments indicates an interaction between the p-groups NH₂ and SO₂NHR, with enhanced moment; no such enhancement exists in the m-derivatives The rotation of the NH₂SO₂ group is apparently restricted so that the H atom of the amide is located at the least distance from the O atoms of SO₂. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 53297-70-4Recommanded Product: 53297-70-4).

4-Amino-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 53297-70-4) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Recommanded Product: 53297-70-4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Silver Recovery from Laundry Washwater: The Role of Detergent Chemistry was written by Nawaz, Tabish;Sengupta, Sukalyan. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2018.Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4 This article mentions the following:

The use of Ag nanoparticles as an antimicrobial agent on textiles is rising. Ag leaching during laundry and its subsequent discharge in the environment pose ecotoxicol. risks. Removing Ag from laundry washwater is therefore an environmental necessity, but its recovery also leads to environmental sustainability. Low Ag concentration, competition from other cations (such as Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Na⁺), and complexity of the detergent matrix make the recovery process challenging. This study uses a thiol-group functionalized ion-exchange resin in a fixed-bed column to remove Ag from laundry washwater and recover it as Ag₂S nanoparticles or high-purity powder. The role of each detergent component in affecting Ag speciation and the resin performance was analyzed. Builders and bleaching agents are reported to neg. impact the resin performance; pH and cocationic species (Ca²⁺) concentration are critical parameters for the successful recovery. This work demonstrates a closed-loop sustainable scheme by recycling and reusing the resin and the regenerant solution over 5 cycles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Association of Glyburide and Subcutaneous Insulin With Perinatal Complications Among Women With Gestational Diabetes. was written by Hedderson, Monique M;Badon, Sylvia E;Pimentel, Noel;Xu, Fei;Regenstein, Anne;Ferrara, Assiamira;Neugebauer, Romain. And the article was included in JAMA network open in 2022.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Importance: Nearly 30% of individuals with gestational diabetes (GDM) do not achieve glycemic control with lifestyle modification alone and require medication treatment. Oral agents, such as glyburide, have several advantages over insulin for the treatment of GDM, including greater patient acceptance; however, the effectiveness of glyburide for the treatment of GDM remains controversial. Objective: To compare the perinatal and neonatal outcomes associated with glyburide vs insulin using causal inference methods in a clinical setting with information on glycemic control. Design, Setting, and Participants: The population-based cohort study included patients with GDM who required medication treatment from 2007 to 2017 in Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Machine learning and rigorous casual inference methods with time-varying exposures were used to evaluate associations of exposure to glyburide vs insulin with perinatal outcomes. Data analysis was conducted from March 2018 to July 2017. Exposures: Time-varying exposure to glyburide vs insulin during pregnancy. Main Outcomes and Measures: Outcomes evaluated separately included neonatal hypoglycemia, jaundice, shoulder dystocia, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, size-for-gestational age, and cesarean delivery. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) estimation was used to separately compare perinatal outcomes between those initiating glyburide and insulin. This approach was combined with Super Learning for propensity score estimation to account for both baseline and time-dependent confounding in both per-protocol (primary) and intention-to-treat (secondary) analyses to evaluate sustained exposure to the same therapy. Results: From 2007 to 2017, 11 321 patients with GDM (mean [SD] age, 32.9 [4.9] years) initiated glyburide or insulin during pregnancy. In multivariate models, the risk of neonatal respiratory distress was 2.03 (95% CI, 0.13-3.92) per 100 births lower and the risk of NICU admission was 3.32 (95% CI, 0.20-6.45) per 100 births lower after continuous exposure to glyburide compared with insulin. There were no statistically significant differences in glyburide vs insulin initiation in risk for neonatal hypoglycemia (0.85 [95% CI, -1.17 to 2.86] per 100 births), jaundice (0.02 [95% CI, -1.46 to 1.51] per 100 births), shoulder dystocia (-1.05 [95% CI, -2.71 to 0.62] per 100 births), or large-for-gestational age categories (-2.75 [95% CI, -6.31 to 0.80] per 100 births). Conclusions and Relevance: Using data from a clinical setting and contemporary causal inference methods, our findings do not provide evidence of a difference in the outcomes examined between patients with GDM initiating glyburide compared with those initiating insulin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Debenzylative Sulfonylation of Tertiary Benzylamines Promoted by Visible Light was written by Fu, Ying;Wu, Qing-Kui;Du, Zhengyin. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Related Products of 383-31-3 This article mentions the following:

An efficient, general, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly photosynthesis of sulfonamides via visible light promoted debenzylative sulfonylation of tertiary benzylamines is described. Compared to the traditional S-N coupling reactions, which are promoted by oxidative C-N bond cleavage of sym. tertiary alkylamines, this strategy provides a selective C-N bond cleavage protocol and avoids the use of transition-metal, explosive oxidants, and ligands. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluoro-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 383-31-3Related Products of 383-31-3).

4-Fluoro-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 383-31-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Related Products of 383-31-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application of molecular docking approach in a novel eco-friendly impurity profiling HPLC-UV method for the simultaneous estimation of ternary hypoglycemic pharmaceutical mixture was written by Fawzy, Michael Gamal;Hafez, Hani M.;Hassan, Wafaa Elsayed;Mostafa, Alaa Ahmed;Sayed, Rania Adel. And the article was included in Microchemical Journal in 2022.Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S This article mentions the following:

The quantity of impurities found in drug products determines the final product′s safety. Impurities must thus be carefully monitored and managed throughout the drug development process. The objective of this study was to reveal a high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) method for identifying and quantifying serious nephrotoxic and skin-irritating impurities. Cyanoguanidine (CYG) and melamine (MEL) are in pharmaceutical products containing metformin hydrochloride (MTF), a widely used oral antidiabetic drug, in combination with some commonly prescribed oral antidiabetic drugs, namely, pioglitazone hydrochloride (PGT) and glibenclamide (GBC). Addnl., this study aimed to determine the ternary combination of these antihyperglycemic agents in a tablet dosage form. The separation and quantification of impurities as well as antihyperglycemic drugs were performed on a VDSpher Pur 100 C18-E (250 mm 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using gradient elution with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1 M heptane sulfonic acid (pH 2.2) and acetonitrile. A flow rate of 1.5 mL/min was used to pump the mobile phase. A photodiode array detector (PDA) was used to monitor the ternary mixture with impurities at 225 nm. The retention times for CYG, MEL, MTF, PGT, and GBC were 1.749, 2.950, 3.640, 5.062, and 7.788 min, resp. Mol. docking was also used to demonstrate how MEL toxicity could be shown by its attachment to several of albumin′s known arachidonic acid binding sites. The green anal. procedure index (GAPI) and anal. greenness calculator reveal that the method is environmentally acceptable. The new method was tested in terms of its specificity, precision, as well as its accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. The results of the study were compared statistically to the results of the method that was reported. There was no significant difference in precision or accuracy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics