Inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase protects against acute pancreatitis via modulating macrophage polarization and its related metabolites was written by He, Yan;Dai, Juanjuan;Niu, Mengya;Li, Bin;Chen, Congying;Jiang, Mingjie;Wu, Zengkai;Bao, Jingpiao;Zhang, Xiuli;Li, Liang;Husain, Sohail Z.;Hu, Guoyong;Wen, Li. And the article was included in Pancreatology in 2021.Application In Synthesis of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate The following contents are mentioned in the article:
In this study, we investigated the role of NAMPT in exptl. acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis was induced in mice using three disparate models: (1) caerulein hyperstimulation, (2) ethanol plus palmitoleic acid, and (3) retrograde biliopancreatic ductal infusion of sodium taurocholate. Bone marrow derived macrophages were isolated, cultured with cytokines or pancreatic acini, then analyzed by quant. PCR and non-targeted metabolomics. The levels of pancreatic NAMPT and NAD were down-regulated upon acute pancreatitis. NAMPT inhibitor FK866 suppressed M1 macrophage polarization while NMN boosted it. In co-culture of macrophages with acinar cells, inhibition of NAMPT prevented M1-like macrophage differentiation induced by injured pancreatic acini. The injured pancreatic acinar milieu induced a unique metabolic signature linked to macrophage polarization, and inhibition of NAMPT reversed these metabolites changes. Furthermore, NMN supplementation aggravated caerulein hyperstimulation pancreatitis and alc. pancreatitis, and inhibition of NAMPT protected against caerulein hyperstimulation, alc. and biliary acute pancreatitis and reducing pancreatic macrophage infiltration in vivo. NAMPT inhibition protects against acute pancreatitis via preventing M1 macrophage polarization and restoring the metabolites related to macrophage polarization and that NAMPT could be a promising therapeutic target for acute pancreatitis. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7Application In Synthesis of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate).
((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Application In Synthesis of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics