ZnEt2 promoted hydrosilylation of CO2 and formylation or urealation of amines with CO2 as a C1 building block was written by Du, Chongyang;Chen, Yaofeng. And the article was included in Huaxue Xuebao in 2020.SDS of cas: 2387-23-7 This article mentions the following:
Fixation and transformation of CO2 are of the great importance, especially the conversion of CO2 into valuable organic compounds catalyzed by the cheap and biocompatible metal catalysts. Zinc is an abundant, biocompatible and environmentally friendly element. ZnEt2 is com. available, and has been widely used as reducing or transmetalation agent in hydrocarboxylation of unsaturated hydrocarbons with CO2. In these reactions, ZnEt2 is generally used in stoichiometric amount or excess amount This manuscript reports the hydrosilylation of CO2 into methoxysilane promoted by a catalytic amount of ZnEt2 (1.0 mol%), the ZnEt2 promoted formylation or urealation of amines with CO2 as a one-carbon (C1) building block is also described. The hydrosilylation of CO2 into methoxysilane (CH3OSi(OEt)3) with (EtO)3SiH as a hydrosilylation reagent is affected by CO2 pressure, ZnEt2 amount, reaction temperature and reaction time. Under the reaction conditions of 1.0 MPa CO2 (the initial CO2 pressure) and 1.0 mol% ZnEt2, the yield of methoxysilane is up to ca. 90% after 7 h at 90°C, and no solvent is used for this reaction. In the presence of organic amine, the reaction gives formamide or urea instead of methoxysilane. Under 1.5 MPa CO2, 1.0 mol% ZnEt2, 2.4 equivalent (EtO)3SiH and 100°C, a series of secondary amines, both the aromatic ones and the aliphatic ones, can be formylated into formamides. In the formylation of N-methylanilines with different substituents at para-position, the isolated yields of the formylation products are in the order of OMe≈Me>H>F>Cl≈Br>CF3>NO2, indicating the electron-donating group at the para-position of the N-methylanilines is benefit for the formylation reaction. When primary amines are used as the substrates, the reactions prefer to produce urea derivatives under the same reaction conditions. In the urealation reaction, the electronic effect is not as significant as that in the formylation reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7SDS of cas: 2387-23-7).
1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.SDS of cas: 2387-23-7
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics