Author: Jessica.F

Improvement of tissue-specific distribution and biotransformation potential of nicotinamide mononucleotide in combination with ginsenosides or resveratrol was written by Bai, Long-Bo;Yau, Lee-Fong;Tong, Tian-Tian;Chan, Wai-Him;Zhang, Wei;Jiang, Zhi-Hong. And the article was included in Pharmacology Research & Perspectives in 2022.Application of 1094-61-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Decreased NAD (NAD⁺) level has received increasing attention in recent years since it plays a critical role in many diseases and aging. Although some research has proved that supplementing NMN (NMN) could improve the level of NAD⁺, it is still uncertain whether the NAD⁺ level in specific tissues could be improved in combination with other nutrients. So far, a variety of nutritional supplements have flooded the market, which contains the compositions of NMN coupled with natural products. However, the synergy and transformation process of NMN has not been fully elucidated. In this study, oral administration of NMN (500 mg/kg) combined with resveratrol (50 mg/kg) or ginsenoside Rh2&Rg3 (50 mg/kg) was used to validate the efficacy of appropriate drug combinations in mice. Compared with NMN alone, NMN combined with resveratrol could increase the levels of NAD⁺ in the heart and muscle by about 1.6 times and 1.7 times, resp., whereas NMN coupled with ginsenoside Rh2&Rg3 could effectively improve the level of NAD⁺ in lung tissue for approx. 2.0 times. Our study may provide new treatment ideas for aging or diseases in cardiopulmonary caused by decreased NAD⁺ levels. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7Application of 1094-61-7).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Application of 1094-61-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

NAD+ Precursors Repair Mitochondrial Function in Diabetes and Prevent Experimental Diabetic Neuropathy was written by Chandrasekaran, Krish;Najimi, Neda;Sagi, Avinash R.;Yarlagadda, Sushuma;Salimian, Mohammad;Arvas, Muhammed Ikbal;Hedayat, Ahmad F.;Kevas, Yanni;Kadakia, Anand;Russell, James W.. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2022.Category: amides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Axon degeneration in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is associated with impaired NAD+ metabolism We tested whether the administration of NAD⁺ precursors, NMN (NMN) or nicotinamide riboside (NR), prevents DPN in models of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. NMN was administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and STZ-induced diabetic mice by i.p. injection at 50 or 100 mg/kg on alternate days for 2 mo. mice The were fed with a high fat diet (HFD) for 2 mo with or without added NR at 150 or 300 mg/kg for 2 mo. The administration of NMN to STZ-induced diabetic rats or mice or dietary addition of NR to HFD-fed mice improved sensory function, normalized sciatic and tail nerve conduction velocities, and prevented loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers in skin samples from the hind-paw. In adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons isolated from HFD-fed mice, there was a decrease in NAD⁺ levels and mitochondrial maximum reserve capacity. These impairments were normalized in isolated DRG neurons from NR-treated mice. The results indicate that the correction of NAD⁺ depletion in DRG may be sufficient to prevent DPN but does not significantly affect glucose tolerance, insulin levels, or insulin resistance. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Antibacterially active substituted anilides of carboxylic and sulfonic acids was written by Linfield, Warner M.;Micich, Thomas J.;Montville, Thomas J.;Simon, John R.;Murray, Ermellina B.;Bistline, Raymond G. Jr.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1983.COA of Formula: C14H19Cl2NO The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Anilides of carboxylic and sulfonic acids were prepared and tested for antimicrobial activity. Although these anilides were ineffective against gram-neg. organisms, there was a good correlation between chem. structure and biol. activity against gram-pos. species. Both the nature and position of the benzene ring substituents and the length of the C side chain affected the activity and specificity of the compounds The highest activity was observed when the acyl or sulfuryl moiety had a C₇-C₉ side chain attached. The -CONH- and SO₂NH- bridging groups were equally effective. The attachment of COOH or COOCH₃ groups in the ω-position did not affect activity, but the substitution of the acidic proton of the sulfonamide group by an alkyl group rendered the compound inactive. Six compounds, which were substituted anilides of sulfonic acids, fatty acids, or the analagous α-methylene-substituted acids, were bacteriostatic at 10 ppm against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Lactobacillus plantarum. One of these compounds, the 2-hydroxy-5-nitroanilide of α-methylenedecanoic acid, was bactericidal at 1 ppm. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)octanamide (cas: 730-25-6COA of Formula: C14H19Cl2NO).

N-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)octanamide (cas: 730-25-6) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.COA of Formula: C14H19Cl2NO

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reduced Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMNH) Potently Enhances NAD⁺ and Suppresses Glycolysis, the TCA Cycle, and Cell Growth was written by Liu, Yan;Luo, Chengting;Li, Ting;Zhang, Wenhao;Zong, Zhaoyun;Liu, Xiaohui;Deng, Haiteng. And the article was included in Journal of Proteome Research in 2021.Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Decreased cellular NAD⁺ levels are causally linked to aging and aging-associated diseases. NAD⁺ precursors in oxidized form such as NMN and nicotinamide riboside (NR) have gained much attention and been well studied for their ability to restore NAD⁺ levels in model organisms. Less is known about whether NAD⁺ precursors in reduced form can also efficiently increase the tissue and cellular NAD⁺ levels and have different effects on cellular processes than NMN or NR. The authors developed a chem. method to produce dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH), which is the reduced form of NMN. NMNH was a better NAD⁺ enhancer than NMN both in vitro and in vivo, mediated by NMN adenylyltransferase (NMNAT). Addnl., NMNH increased the reduced NAD (NADH) levels in cells and in mouse livers. Metabolomic anal. revealed that NMNH inhibited glycolysis and the TCA cycle. In vitro experiments demonstrated that NMNH induced cell cycle arrest and suppressed cell growth. Nevertheless, NMNH treatment did not cause an observable difference in mouse weight Taken together, the authors’ work demonstrates that NMNH is a potent NAD⁺ enhancer and suppresses glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and cell growth. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Antithrombotic activities of pellitorine in vitro and in vivo was written by Ku, Sae-Kwang;Lee, In-Chul;Kim, Jeong Ah;Bae, Jong-Sup. And the article was included in Fitoterapia in 2013.SDS of cas: 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pellitorine (PLT), an active amide compound, is well known to possess insecticidal, antibacterial and anticancer properties. However, the anti-coagulant functions of PLT are not studied yet. Here, the anticoagulant activities of PLT were examined by monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), and the activities of cell-based thrombin and activated factor X (FXa). Furthermore, the effects of PLT on the expressions of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) were tested in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Treatment with PLT resulted in prolonged aPTT and PT and inhibition of the activities of thrombin and FXa, and PLT inhibited production of thrombin and FXa in HUVECs. And PLT inhibited thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization and platelet aggregation. In accordance with these anticoagulant activities, PLT elicited anticoagulant effects in mouse. In addition, treatment with PLT resulted in the inhibition of TNF-α-induced production of PAI-1 and in the significant reduction of the PAI-1 to t-PA ratio. Collectively, PLT possesses antithrombotic activities and offers bases for development of a novel anticoagulant. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7SDS of cas: 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.SDS of cas: 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Improving anti-trypanosomal activity of alkamides isolated from Achillea fragrantissima was written by Skaf, Joseph;Hamarsheh, Omar;Berninger, Michael;Balasubramanian, Srikkanth;Oelschlaeger, Tobias A.;Holzgrabe, Ulrike. And the article was included in Fitoterapia in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In previous studies the aerial parts of Achillea fragrantissima were found to have substantial antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activity. A bioassay-guided fractionation of a dichloromethane extract yielded the isolation of the essential anti-trypanosomal compounds of the plant. Seven sesquiterpene lactones (including Achillolide-A), two flavonoids, chrysosplenol-D and chrysosplenetine, and four alkamides (including pellitorine) were identified. This is the first report for the isolation of the sesquiterpene lactones 3 and 4, chrysosplenetine and the group of alkamides from this plant. Bioevaluation against Trypanosoma brucei brucei TC221 (T.b brucei) using the Alamar-Blue assay revealed the novel alkamide 13 to have an IC₅₀ value of 40.37μM. A compound library, derived from the alkamide pellitorine (10), was synthesized and bioevaluated in order to find even more active substances. The most active compounds 26 and 27 showed activities in submicromolar concentrations and selectivity indexes of 20.1 and 45.6, resp., towards macrophage cell line J774.1. Toxicity of 26 and 27 was assessed using the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella larvae as an in vivo model. No significant toxicity was observed for the concentration range of 1.25-20 mM. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Overview of the anticancer potential of the “king of spices” Piper nigrum and its main constituent piperine was written by Turrini, Eleonora;Sestili, Piero;Fimognari, Carmela. And the article was included in Toxins in 2020.Synthetic Route of C14H25NO The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A review. The main limits of current anticancer therapy are relapses, chemoresistance, and toxic effects resulting from its poor selectivity towards cancer cells that severely impair a patient’s quality of life. Therefore, the discovery of new anticancer drugs remains an urgent challenge. Natural products represent an excellent opportunity due to their ability to target heterogenous populations of cancer cells and regulate several key pathways involved in cancer development, and their favorable toxicol. profile. Piper nigrum is one of the most popular spices in the world, with growing fame as a source of bioactive mols. with pharmacol. properties. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the anticancer potential of Piper nigrum and its major active constituents-not limited to the well-known piperine-whose undeniable anticancer properties have been reported for different cancer cell lines and animal models. Moreover, the chemosensitizing effects of Piper nigrum in association with traditional anticancer drugs are depicted and its toxicol. profile is outlined. Despite the promising results, human studies are missing, which are crucial for supporting the efficacy and safety of Piper nigrum and its single components in cancer patients. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Synthetic Route of C14H25NO).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Synthetic Route of C14H25NO

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Safety evaluation after acute and sub-chronic oral administration of high purity nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN-C) in Sprague-Dawley rats was written by Cros, Cecile;Cannelle, Helene;Laganier, Laurent;Grozio, Alessia;Canault, Matthias. And the article was included in Food and Chemical Toxicology in 2021.Category: amides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A β-NMN (NMN) is a natural mol. intermediate in the biosynthesis of NAD (NAD⁺). Preclin. evidences point to the beneficial effect of NMN administration on several age-related conditions. The present work aimed at studying mutagenicity, and genotoxicity, acute oral toxicity and subchronic oral toxicity of a high purity synthetic form of NMN (NMN-C) following the OECD guidelines. In the exptl. conditions tested, NMN-C was not mutagenic or genotoxic. Acute toxicity assay revealed that at an oral limit dose of 2666 mg/kg, NMN-C did not lead to any mortality or treatment-related adverse signs. Over a 90-day sub-chronic period of repeated oral administration of NMN-C at doses of 375, 750 and 1500 mg/kg/d followed by a 28-day treatment-free recovery period, NMN-C appeared to be safe and did not promote toxic effects as seen from body weight change, food and water consumption, feed conversion efficiency, biochem. and blood parameters as well as organ toxicity and histol. examinations of main organs. In conclusion, we provide the first data highlighting the safety of short to intermediate term (sub-chronic) oral administration of NMN and our exptl. results allowed to determine a No-Observable Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for NMN-C to be ≥ 1500 mg/kg/d. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl hydrogen phosphate (cas: 1094-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Simultaneous determination of bioactive compounds in Piper nigrum L. and a species comparison study using HPLC-PDA was written by Rao, Vidadala Rama Subba;Raju, Sagi Satyanarayana;Sarma, Vanka Umamaheswara;Sabine, Fouriner;Babu, Kothapalli Hari;Babu, Katragadda Suresh;Rao, Janaswamy Madhusudana. And the article was included in Natural Product Research in 2011.Recommanded Product: 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Piper nigrum L. is a traditional medicine widely used in India for illnesses such as constipation, diarrhea, earache, gangrene, heart disease, hernia, hoarseness, indigestion, insect bites, insomnia, joint pain, liver problems, lung disease, oral abscesses, sunburn, tooth decay and toothaches. In this study, six bioactive compounds, namely piperine (1), pellitorine (2), guineensine (3), pipnoohine (4), trichostachine (5) and piperonal (6) were quantified in different extracts of P. nigrum L. and compared with those of P. longum L. and P. chaba Hunter. To evaluate the quality of P. nigrum, a simple, accurate and precise HPLC-PDA method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the above-mentioned six compounds The separation was achieved by Phenomenex Luna RP C₁₈ column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, Phenomenex Inc, CA, USA) with a binary gradient solvent system of water-acetonitrile, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min^-1 and detected at 210, 232, 262 and 343 nm. All six calibration curves showed good linearity (R ² > 0.9966). The method was reproducible with intra- and inter-day variations of less than 2% and 5%, resp. The results demonstrated that this method is simple, reliable and suitable for the quality control of these plants. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Recommanded Product: 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Recommanded Product: 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Quantitative transdermal behavior of pellitorine from Anacyclus pyrethrum extract was written by Veryser, Lieselotte;Taevernier, Lien;Roche, Nathalie;Peremans, Kathelijne;Burvenich, Christian;De Spiegeleer, Bart. And the article was included in Phytomedicine in 2014.Related Products of 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The plant Anacyclus pyrethrum (AP) consists of several N-alkylamides with pellitorine as main constituent. AP extracts are known to be biol. active and some products for topical administration containing AP plant extracts are already com. available with functional cosmeceutical claims. However, no transdermal data for pellitorine are currently available. Therefore, our general goal was to investigate the local skin pharmacokinetics of the plant N-alkylamide pellitorine using a Franz diffusion cell set-up. Two different forms were applied on human skin: purified pellitorine and the AP extract Our study demonstrated that pellitorine is able to cross the stratum corneum and the subsequent skin layers. A significantly higher permeability coefficient was observed when the AP extract (K_p = 2.3 × 10^-4 cm/h) was administered, compared to purified pellitorine (K_p = 1.1 × 10^-4 cm/h). With the obtained pellitorine concentrations in the skin layers and the receptor fluid, it is concluded that local and systemic effects can be expected after topical application. Due to these findings and as a regulatory consequence, products containing reasonable concentrations of pellitorine are recommended to be classified as a medicinal product. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Related Products of 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Related Products of 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics