Author: Jessica.F

Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4On October 25, 2021 ,《Development of mammalian cell logic gates controlled by unnatural amino acids》 was published in Cells Reports Methods. The article was written by Mills, Emily M.; Barlow, Victoria L.; Jones, Arwyn T.; Tsai, Yu-Hsuan. The article contains the following contents:

Mammalian cell logic gates hold great potential for wide-ranging applications. However, most of those currently available are controlled by drug(-like) mols. with inherent biol. activities. To construct truly orthogonal circuits and artificial regulatory pathways, biol. inert mols. are ideal mol. switches. Here, we applied genetic code expansion and engineered logic gates controlled by two biol. inert unnatural amino acids. Genetic code expansion relies on orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs for co-translational and site-specific unnatural amino acid incorporation conventionally in response to an amber (UAG) codon. By screening 11 quadruplet-decoding pyrrolysyl tRNA variants from the literature, we found that all variants decoding CUAG or AGGA tested here are functional in mammalian cells. Using a quadruplet-decoding orthogonal pair together with an amber-decoding pair, we constructed logic gates that can be successfully controlled by two different unnatural amino acids, expanding the scope of genetic code expansion and mammalian cell logic circuits. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4)

H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3) belongs to amino acids. These amino acids may be present in low concentrations and play a vital part as an intermediate in a biosynthetic pathway, e.g., ornithine, homoserine, or cystathionine. In contrast they may act as a major storage form of nitrogen, e.g., canavanine in the seed of Canavalia ensiformis, or may be formed in high amounts in response to an external stress, e.g., γ-aminobutyrate.Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4 It is possible that some of these nonprotein amino acids may serve as insecticidal or fungicidal agents.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4On May 13, 2021 ,《Stapled Wasp Venom-Derived Oncolytic Peptides with Side Chains Induce Rapid Membrane Lysis and Prolonged Immune Responses in Melanoma》 appeared in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The author of the article were Wu, Ye; Lu, Dong; Jiang, Yixin; Jin, Jinmei; Liu, Sanhong; Chen, Lili; Zhang, Hong; Zhou, Yudong; Chen, Hongzhuan; Nagle, Dale G.; Luan, Xin; Zhang, Weidong. The article conveys some information:

Peptide stapling chem. represents an attractive strategy to promote the clin. translation of protein epitope mimetics, but its use has not been applied to natural cytotoxic peptides (NCPs) to produce new oncolytic peptides. Based on a wasp venom peptide, a series of stapled anoplin peptides (StAnos) were prepared The optimized stapled Ano-3/3s were shown to be protease-resistant and exerted superior tumor cell-selective cytotoxicity by rapid membrane disruption. In addition, Ano-3/3s induced tumor ablation in mice through the direct oncolytic effect and subsequent stimulation of immunogenic cell death. This synergistic oncolytic-immunotherapy effect is more remarkable on melanoma than on triple-neg. breast cancer in vivo. The efficacies exerted by Ano-3/3s on melanoma were further characterized by CD8+ T cell infiltration, and the addition of anti-CD8 antibodies diminished the long-term antitumor effects. In summary, these results support stapled peptide chem. as an advantageous method to enhance the NCP potency for oncolytic therapy. In addition to this study using H-Lys(Boc)-OH, there are many other studies that have used H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4) was used in this study.

H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3) belongs to amino acids. These amino acids may be present in low concentrations and play a vital part as an intermediate in a biosynthetic pathway, e.g., ornithine, homoserine, or cystathionine. In contrast they may act as a major storage form of nitrogen, e.g., canavanine in the seed of Canavalia ensiformis, or may be formed in high amounts in response to an external stress, e.g., γ-aminobutyrate.Synthetic Route of C11H22N2O4 It is possible that some of these nonprotein amino acids may serve as insecticidal or fungicidal agents.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ghosh, Sushobhan; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi published an article in Dalton Transactions. The title of the article was 《Self-assembly of metal-organic hybrid nanoscopic rectangles》.Product Details of 64479-78-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The combination of an amide containing a linear ligand N-(4-pyridyl)-4-pyridinecarboxamide (L1) and an organometallic mol. clip, [{Pt(PEt3)2(NO3)}2(μ-anthracene-1,8-diyl)] (clip-1), leads to the self-assembly of a Pt4 nanoscopic framework representing the first example of a Pt-based mol. rectangle [{Pt(PEt3)2}4(μ-L1)2(μ-anthracene-1,8-diyl)2] incorporating amide functionality. The crystal structure for this platinum rectangle complex was determined A complementary approach was also followed to prepare a Pd(II)-based mol. rectangle, [{Pd(PEt3)2}2(clip-2)2], by reaction of a donor organic rigid clip, 1,8-bis[(4-pyridyl)ethynyl]anthracene (clip-2), and trans-(PEt3)2Pd(OTf)2 as the linear metal acceptor (L2). The Pd(II)-rectangle was characterized by multinuclear NMR and ESI-mass spectroscopy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Product Details of 64479-78-3)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.Product Details of 64479-78-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2016,Heteroatom Chemistry included an article by Chiang, Kun-Heng; Lu, Shi-Han; Yen, Wan-Ping; Uramaru, Naoto; Tseng, Wei-Siou; Chang, Te-Wei; Wong, Fung Fuh. Synthetic Route of C8H9NO2. The article was titled 《Effective Synthesis of N-Arylformamide from α-Halo-N-arylacetamides》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A convenient synthetic method for N-arylformamide derivatives was successfully developed by reacting α-iodo-N-arylacetamides with formamide [e.g., α-iodo-N-phenylacetamide + HCONH2 → N-phenylformamide (94%)]. This method was applicable to α-iodo-N-arylacetamide substrates bearing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups, N-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2-iodoacetamide, 2-iodo-N-(pyridin-2-yl)acetamide, and 2-iodo-N-(naphthalen-4-yl)acetamide to give the corresponding N-arylformamides in moderate to excellent yields (65-94%). A plausible mechanism was proposed to account for the new transformation. In addition to this study using 2-Hydroxy-N-phenylacetamide, there are many other studies that have used 2-Hydroxy-N-phenylacetamide(cas: 4746-61-6Synthetic Route of C8H9NO2) was used in this study.

2-Hydroxy-N-phenylacetamide(cas: 4746-61-6) belongs to amides.Synthetic Route of C8H9NO2Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Karatzas, Anastasis; Haataja, Johannes S.; Skoulas, Dimitrios; Bilalis, Panayiotis; Varlas, Spyridon; Apostolidi, Panagiota; Sofianopoulou, Sosanna; Stratikos, Efstratios; Houbenov, Nikolay; Ikkala, Olli; Iatrou, Hermis published their research in Biomacromolecules on December 9 ,2019. The article was titled 《Macromolecular Architecture and Encapsulation of the Anticancer Drug Everolimus Control the Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Polypeptide-Containing Hybrids》.Category: amides-buliding-blocks The article contains the following contents:

Macromol. architecture plays an important role in the self-assembly process of block copolymer amphiphiles. Herein, two series of stimuli-responsive amphiphilic 3-miktoarm star hybrid terpolypeptides and their corresponding linear analogs were synthesized exhibiting the same overall composition and mol. weight but different macromol. architecture. The macromol. architecture was found to be a key parameter in defining the morphol. of the nanostructures formed in aqueous solutions as well as to alter the self-assembly behavior of the polymers independently of their composition In addition, it was found that the assemblies prepared from the star-shaped polymers showed superior tolerance against enzymic degradation due to the increased corona block d. on the outer surface of the nanoparticles. Encapsulation of the hydrophobic anticancer drug Everolimus resulted in the formation of intriguing non-spherical and non-sym. pH-responsive nanostructures, such as “”stomatocytes”” and “”multi-compartmentalized suprapolymersomes””, while the pH-triggered release of the drug was also investigated. Owing to the similarities of the developed “”stomatocytes”” with red blood cells, in combination with their pH-responsiveness and superior stability over enzymic degradation, they are expected to present advanced drug delivery properties and have the ability to bypass several extra- and intracellular barriers to reach and effectively treat cancer cells.H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3Category: amides-buliding-blocks) was used in this study.

H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3) belongs to amino acids. In addition to subunits of proteins, amino acids have many other functions as well, including osmoregulation (proline), neurotransmitters (gamma-aminobutyric acid), metabolic intermediates (ornithine and citrulline), and inhibitors (dehydroproline).Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2012,Murakami, Yuko; Yanuma, Hiroto; Usuki, Toyonobu published 《Total synthesis of the elastin crosslinker (+)-desmopyridine》.Tetrahedron: Asymmetry published the findings.SDS of cas: 71432-55-8 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Desmopyridine, isolated from the acid hydrolyzates of bovine ligamentum nuchae, is an elastin crosslinker and an amino acid that has a 3,4,5-trisubstituted pyridine skeleton. Herein we report the first total synthesis of (+)-desmopyridine in 10% yield over six steps starting from 4-aminopyridine via chemo- and regioselective palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira and Negishi cross-coupling reactions. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate(cas: 71432-55-8SDS of cas: 71432-55-8)

tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate(cas: 71432-55-8) belongs to anime.Typically the presence of an amine functional group is deduced by a combination of techniques, including mass spectrometry as well as NMR and IR spectroscopies. 1H NMR signals for amines disappear upon treatment of the sample with D2O. In their infrared spectrum primary amines exhibit two N-H bands, whereas secondary amines exhibit only one.SDS of cas: 71432-55-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2017,Tang, Mi; Sun, Rengwei; Li, Hao; Yu, Xinhong; Wang, Wei published 《An Unconventional Redox Cross Claisen Condensation-Aromatization of 4-Hydroxyprolines with Ketones》.Journal of Organic Chemistry published the findings.HPLC of Formula: 71432-55-8 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Reaction of α-amino acids, particularly prolines and their derivatives with carbonyl compounds via decarboxylative redox process, is a viable strategy for synthesis of structurally diverse nitrogen centered heterocyclics. In these processes, the decarboxylation is the essential driving force for the processes. The realization of the redox process without decarboxylation may offer an opportunity to explore new reactions. Herein, we report the discovery of an unprecedented redox Claisen-type condensation aromatization cascade reaction of 4-substituted 4-hydroxyproline and its esters with unreactive ketones. We found that the use of propionic acid as a catalyst and a co-solvent can change the reaction course. The commonly observed redox decarboxylation and aldol condensation reactions are significantly minimized. Moreover, unreactive ketones can effectively participate in the Claisen condensation reaction. The new reactivity enables a redox cyclization via an unconventional Claisen-type condensation reaction of in situ formed enamine intermediates from ketone precursors with 4-substituted 4-hydroxyproline and its esters as electrophilic acylation partners. Under the reaction conditions, the cascade process proceeds highly regio- and stereoselectively to afford highly synthetically and biol. valued cis-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizin-1-ones with a broad substrate scope in efficient ‘one-pot’ operation, whereas such structures generally require multiple steps. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate(cas: 71432-55-8HPLC of Formula: 71432-55-8)

tert-Butyl N,N’-diisopropylcarbamimidate(cas: 71432-55-8) belongs to anime. The methylamines occur in small amounts in some plants. Many polyfunctional amines (i.e., those having other functional groups in the molecule) occur as alkaloids in plants—for example, mescaline, 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethylamine; the cyclic amines nicotine, atropine, morphine, and cocaine; and the quaternary salt choline, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride, which is present in nerve synapses and in plant and animal cells.HPLC of Formula: 71432-55-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《AuCl3-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Carbonyl-Olefin Metathesis》 was published in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2020. These research results belong to Wang, Rui; Chen, Yi; Shu, Mao; Zhao, Wenwen; Tao, Maoling; Du, Chao; Fu, Xiaoya; Li, Ao; Lin, Zhihua. SDS of cas: 70-55-3 The article mentions the following:

A highly efficient AuCl3-catalyzed intramol. ring-closing carbonyl-olefin metathesis reaction is described. This method features easily accessible starting materials, simple operation, good functional-group tolerance and short reaction times, and provides the target cyclopentenes I (R = C(O)OEt, Ph, COPh, CONHPh; Ar = Ph, 3-methoxyphenyl, furan-2-yl, etc.), polycycles e.g., II, benzocarbocycles e.g., III, and N-heterocycle derivatives IV (R1 = Ph, 4-fluorophenyl, naphthalen-2-yl, etc.) in good to excellent yields.4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3SDS of cas: 70-55-3) was used in this study.

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3) belongs to anime. Nitrous acid converts secondary amines (aliphatic or aromatic) to N-nitroso compounds (nitrosamines): R2NH + HNO2 → R2N―NO. Some nitrosamines are potent cancer-inducing substances, and their possible formation is a serious consideration when nitrites, which are salts of nitrous acid, are present in foods or pharmaceutical preparations. Tertiary amines give rise to nitrosamines more slowly; an alkyl group is eliminated as an aldehyde or ketone, along with nitrous oxide, N2O.SDS of cas: 70-55-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mohammadi, Susan; Mohammadi, Somayeh; Salimi, Abdollah; Ahmadi, Rezgar published an article in 2022. The article was titled 《A Chelation-enhanced Fluorescence Assay using Thiourea Capped Carbonaceous Fluorescent Nanoparticles for As (III) Detection in Water Samples》, and you may find the article in Journal of Fluorescence.Safety of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Herein, we designed a sensitive and selective “”Turn-On”” fluorescence nanosensor using water-soluble carbonaceous fluorescent nanomaterials (CFNs) functionalized with thiourea (CFNs-Thiourea) for efficient detection of trace concentrations of arsenic (III) in aqueous samples. The CFNs and CFNs-Thiourea were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and fourier transformed IR spectroscopy (FTIR). The emission peak intensity of proposed nanosensor at 425 nm was gradually enhanced on arsenite addition in a wide detection range (3.3-828.5μg L-1) attributed to the binding of arsenite species with sulfur groups of CFNs-Thiourea. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.48μg L-1 being much lower than the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended threshold value of 10μg L-1. Furthermore, the as-prepared CFNs-Thiourea exhibited a superb selectivity for As (III) compared to various cations and anions, such as; NO3-, NO2-, F-, Ni2+, Fe3+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, F-, Cl-, Mn2+, Cr3+, Co2+, Cd2+, Bi3+, Al3+ and As (V) at 100 folds concentration of As (III). The turn on fluorescence nanosensor was successfully exploited for quantification of arsenic in spiked water samples with acceptable efficiencies. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3Safety of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide)

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3) belongs to anime. Left-handed and right-handed forms (mirror-image configurations, known as optical isomers or enantiomers) are possible when all the substituents on the central nitrogen atom are different (i.e., the nitrogen is chiral). With amines, there is extremely rapid inversion in which the two configurations are interconverted.Safety of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthetic Route of C7H9NO2SIn 2020 ,《N-Methylation of Amines with Methanol in Aqueous Solution Catalyzed by a Water-Soluble Metal-Ligand Bifunctional Dinuclear Iridium Catalyst》 was published in Journal of Organic Chemistry. The article was written by Meng, Chong; Liu, Peng; Nguyen, Thanh Tung; Han, Xingyou; Li, Feng. The article contains the following contents:

The N-methylation of amines with methanol in aqueous solution was proposed and accomplished by using a water-soluble metal-ligand bifunctional dinuclear iridium catalyst. In the presence of [(Cp*IrCl)2(thbpym)][Cl]2 (1 mol%), a range of desirable products were obtained in high yields under environmentally benign conditions. Notably, this research exhibited the potential of transition metal-catalyzed the activation of methanol as a C1 source for the construction of C-N bond in aqueous solution The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3Synthetic Route of C7H9NO2S)

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3) belongs to anime. Milder oxidation, using reagents such as NaOCl, can remove four hydrogen atoms from primary amines of the type RCH2NH2 to form nitriles (R―C≡N), and oxidation with reagents such as MnO2 can remove two hydrogen atoms from secondary amines (R2CH―NHR′) to form imines (R2C=NR′). Tertiary amines can be oxidized to enamines (R2C=CHNR2) by a variety of reagents.Synthetic Route of C7H9NO2S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics