Author: Jessica.F

《Catalytic, Directed C-C Bond Functionalization of Styrenes》 was published in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020. These research results belong to Onodera, Shunsuke; Togashi, Ryo; Ishikawa, Soya; Kochi, Takuya; Kakiuchi, Fumitoshi. Application In Synthesis of N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide The article mentions the following:

A method for catalytic conversion of C(aryl)-C(alkenyl) bonds in styrene derivatives R1-2-R2C6H3C(=CHR4)R3 (R1 = H, 4-Me, 3-Cl, 5-Me, etc.; R2 = 1-pyrazolyl, 2-pyridyl; R3 = H, Me, Ph, 4-methoxyphenyl, etc.; R4 = H, Ph, 4-chlorophenyl) to new C-C bonds is developed. In the presence of a rhodium catalyst, the alkenyl groups of styrenes bearing a pyrazolyl directing group were efficiently converted to other carbon substituents upon reacting with various alkenes RCH=CH2 (R = 4-methylhex-1-en-1-yl, 2-cyclohexylethenyl, 2-phenylethenyl, etc.) and allyl alcs. R5CH(OH)CH=CH2(R5 = cyclohexyl, Me, Et, etc.). It is also indicated that the C-C bond cleavage proceeded via a hydrometalation/β-carbon elimination pathway. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1Application In Synthesis of N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide)

N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1) belongs to anime. Amines can be classified according to the nature and number of substituents on nitrogen. Aliphatic amines contain only H and alkyl substituents. Aromatic amines have the nitrogen atom connected to an aromatic ring.Important amines include amino acids, biogenic amines, trimethylamine, and aniline. Inorganic derivatives of ammonia are also called amines, such as monochloramine (NClH2).Application In Synthesis of N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《1,2,3-Triazoles as Amide Bond Mimics: Triazole Scan Yields Protease-Resistant Peptidomimetics for Tumor Targeting》 was published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2013. These research results belong to Valverde, Ibai E.; Bauman, Andreas; Kluba, Christiane A.; Vomstein, Sandra; Walter, Martin A.; Mindt, Thomas L.. Application In Synthesis of (S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide The article mentions the following:

The authors report a “”triazole-based scan”” of a bombesin peptide fragment, [Nle14]-BBN(7-14), for identifying novel peptidomimetics with improved properties. Using click chem.-based synthetic strategy, a triazole replacement for the peptide bond was incorporated into the above bombesin peptide fragment, and this led to the synthesis of a series of peptide-based radiotracers with retained nanomolar receptor affinity and an up-to-five fold improved serum stability. In vivo evaluation of a backbone-modified peptide analogs demonstrated the enhanced stability of the vector and its improved tumor-targeting capability. The authors expect that this new methodol. for the stabilization of peptides will find broader application in the field of tumor targeting with small peptides for drug delivery, imaging and peptide receptor radiotherapy. In addition to this study using (S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide, there are many other studies that have used (S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide(cas: 87694-50-6Application In Synthesis of (S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide) was used in this study.

(S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide(cas: 87694-50-6) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.Application In Synthesis of (S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《3D Printed High-Throughput Hydrothermal Reactionware for Discovery, Optimization, and Scale-Up》 was published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2014. These research results belong to Kitson, Philip J.; Marshall, Ross J.; Long, Deliang; Forgan, Ross S.; Cronin, Leroy. Quality Control of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide The article mentions the following:

3D printing techniques allow the laboratory-scale design and production of reactionware tailored to specific exptl. requirements. To increase the range and versatility of reactionware devices, sealed, monolithic reactors suitable for use in hydrothermal synthesis were digitally designed and realized. The fabrication process allows the introduction of reaction mixtures directly into the reactors during the production, and also enables the manufacture of devices of varying scales and geometries unavailable in traditional equipment. The utility of these devices is shown by the use of 3D printed, high-throughput array reactors to discover two new coordination polymers, optimize the synthesis of one of these, and scale-up its synthesis using larger reactors produced on the same 3D printer. Reactors were also used to produce phase-pure samples of coordination polymers MIL-96 and HKUST-1, in yields comparable to synthesis in traditional apparatusN-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Quality Control of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide) was used in this study.

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.“,” In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Quality Control of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Proteasome selectivity towards Michael acceptor containing oligopeptide-based inhibitors》 was written by van der Linden, Wouter A.; Geurink, Paul P.; Oskam, Chris; van der Marel, Gijsbert A.; Florea, Bogdan I.; Overkleeft, Herman S.. COA of Formula: C13H26N2O4 And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry on April 21 ,2010. The article conveys some information:

The synthesis and biol. evaluation of ten Michael acceptors containing potential proteasome inhibitors are described. Cellular targets of azide containing inhibitors Ib and VIIIb were assessed in HEK293T and RAW264.7 cells by a two step labeling strategy, followed by biotin-pulldown, affinity purification, on-bead tryptic digestion and LC-MS2 identification. This strategy appears to be an attractive alternative to gel-based competition assays. The experimental process involved the reaction of (S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide(cas: 87694-50-6COA of Formula: C13H26N2O4)

(S)-N-Methyl-N-methoxy-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-methylpentanamide(cas: 87694-50-6) belongs to amides.COA of Formula: C13H26N2O4Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Sterically Congested 2,6-Disubstituted Anilines from Direct C-N Bond Formation at an Iodine(III) Center》 was published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2016. These research results belong to Lucchetti, Nicola; Scalone, Michelangelo; Fantasia, Serena; Muniz, Kilian. Name: 5-Oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide The article mentions the following:

2,6-Disubstituted anilines are readily prepared from the direct reaction between amides and diaryliodonium salts. As demonstrated for 24 different examples, the reaction is of unusually broad scope with respect to the sterically congested arene and the nitrogen source, occurs without the requirement for any addnl. promoter, and proceeds through a direct reductive elimination at the iodine(III) center. The efficiency of the coupling procedure is further demonstrated within the short synthesis of a chemerin binding inhibitor. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 5-Oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide(cas: 14466-21-8Name: 5-Oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide)

5-Oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide(cas: 14466-21-8) belongs to anime. Nitrous acid converts secondary amines (aliphatic or aromatic) to N-nitroso compounds (nitrosamines): R2NH + HNO2 → R2N―NO. Some nitrosamines are potent cancer-inducing substances, and their possible formation is a serious consideration when nitrites, which are salts of nitrous acid, are present in foods or pharmaceutical preparations. Tertiary amines give rise to nitrosamines more slowly; an alkyl group is eliminated as an aldehyde or ketone, along with nitrous oxide, N2O.Name: 5-Oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Formula: C11H22N2O4On March 31, 2021, Morgan, Charles W.; Dale, Ian L.; Thomas, Andrew P.; Hunt, James; Chin, Jason W. published an article in Journal of the American Chemical Society. The article was 《Selective CRAF Inhibition Elicits Transactivation》. The article mentions the following:

Discovering mols. that regulate closely related protein isoforms is challenging, and in many cases the consequences of isoform-specific pharmacol. regulation remains unknown. RAF isoforms are commonly mutated oncogenes that serve as effector kinases in MAP kinase signaling. BRAF/CRAF heterodimers are believed to be the primary RAF signaling species, and many RAF inhibitors lead to a “”paradoxical activation”” of RAF kinase activity through transactivation of the CRAF protomer; this leads to resistance mechanisms and secondary tumors. It has been hypothesized that CRAF-selective inhibition might bypass paradoxical activation, but no CRAF-selective inhibitor has been reported and the consequences of pharmacol. inhibiting CRAF have remained unknown. Here, we use bio-orthogonal ligand tethering (BOLT) to selectively target inhibitors to CRAF. Our results suggest that selective CRAF inhibition promotes paradoxical activation and exemplify how BOLT may be used to triage potential targets for drug discovery before any target-selective small mols. are known. In addition to this study using H-Lys(Boc)-OH, there are many other studies that have used H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3Formula: C11H22N2O4) was used in this study.

H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3) belongs to amino acids. Amino acids are not generally considered to be electrochemically active because products of the oxidation accumulate on the electrode surface and prevent it from participating in any further electrochemical processes.Formula: C11H22N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reference of H-Lys(Boc)-OHOn October 30, 2019 ,《Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Streptide》 was published in Journal of the American Chemical Society. The article was written by Isley, Nicholas A.; Endo, Yusuke; Wu, Zhi-Chen; Covington, Brett C.; Bushin, Leah B.; Seyedsayamdost, Mohammad R.; Boger, Dale L.. The article contains the following contents:

Streptide is a peptide-derived macrocyclic natural product that has attracted considerable attention since its discovery in 2015. It contains an unprecedented post-translational modification that intramolecularly links the β-carbon (C3) of a residue 2 lysine with the C7 of a residue 6 tryptophan, thereby forming a 20-membered cyclic peptide. Herein, we report the first total synthesis of streptide that confirms the regiochem. of the lysine-tryptophan crosslink and provides an unambiguous assignment of the stereochem. (3R vs 3S) of the lysine-2 C3 center. Both the 3R and the originally assigned 3S lysine diastereomers were independently prepared by total synthesis and it is the former, not the latter, that was found to correlate with the natural product. The approach enlists a powerful Pd(0)-mediated indole annulation for the key macrocyclization of the complex core peptide, utilizes an underdeveloped class of hypervalent iodine(III) aryl substrates in a palladium-catalyzed C-H activation/β-arylation reaction conducted on a lysine derivative, and provides access to material with which the role of streptide and related natural products may be examined The experimental process involved the reaction of H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3Reference of H-Lys(Boc)-OH)

H-Lys(Boc)-OH(cas: 2418-95-3) belongs to amino acids. These amino acids may be present in low concentrations and play a vital part as an intermediate in a biosynthetic pathway, e.g., ornithine, homoserine, or cystathionine. In contrast they may act as a major storage form of nitrogen, e.g., canavanine in the seed of Canavalia ensiformis, or may be formed in high amounts in response to an external stress, e.g., γ-aminobutyrate.Reference of H-Lys(Boc)-OH It is possible that some of these nonprotein amino acids may serve as insecticidal or fungicidal agents.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2018,European Journal of Organic Chemistry included an article by Singh, Harshvardhan; Sen, Chiranjit; Sahoo, Tapan; Ghosh, Subhash Chandra. Recommanded Product: N-(2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide. The article was titled 《A Visible Light-Mediated Regioselective Halogenation of Anilides and Quinolines by Using a Heterogeneous Cu-MnO Catalyst》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A simple and practical heterogeneous Cu-MnO catalyzed regioselective halogenation of anilides and quinolines under irradiation with household 40 W incandescent lamp was developed. This method uses a recyclable Cu-MnO catalyst, acetonitrile as an industrially friendly solvent, and economic N-halo succinimides as a halogenating source. The reaction is scalable and well tolerated with a broad range of functional groups. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide(cas: 247170-19-0Recommanded Product: N-(2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide)

N-(2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide(cas: 247170-19-0) belongs to anime. Aniline, ethanolamines, and several other amines are major industrial commodities used in making rubber, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic resins and fibres and for a host of other applications. Most of the numerous methods for the preparation of amines may be broadly divided into two groups: (1) chemical reduction (replacement of oxygen with hydrogen atoms in the molecule) of members of several other classes of organic nitrogen compounds and (2) reactions of ammonia or amines with organic compounds.Recommanded Product: N-(2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2016,Kawaguchi, Yasuaki; Yasuda, Shigeo; Mukai, Chisato published 《Construction of Hexahydrophenanthrenes By Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Benzylallene-Substituted Internal Alkynes through C-H Activation》.Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published the findings.HPLC of Formula: 78191-00-1 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The treatment of benzylallene-substituted internal alkynes with [RhCl(CO)2]2 effects a novel cycloisomerization by C(sp2)-H bond activation to produce hexahydrophenanthrene derivatives The reaction likely proceeds through consecutive formation of a rhodabicyclo[4.3.0] intermediate, σ-bond metathesis between the C(sp2)-H bond on the benzene ring and the C(sp2)-RhIII bond, and isomerization between three σ-, π-, and σ-allylrhodium(III) species, which was proposed based on experiments with deuterated substrates. In addition to this study using N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide, there are many other studies that have used N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1HPLC of Formula: 78191-00-1) was used in this study.

N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1) belongs to anime. Examples of direct uses of amines and their salts are as corrosion inhibitors in boilers and in lubricating oils (morpholine), as antioxidants for rubber and roofing asphalt (diarylamines), as stabilizers for cellulose nitrate explosives (diphenylamine), as protectants against damage from gamma radiation (diarylamines), as developers in photography (aromatic diamines), as flotation agents in mining, as anticling and waterproofing agents for textiles, as fabric softeners, in paper coating, and for solubilizing herbicides.HPLC of Formula: 78191-00-1

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2018,Johnston, Craig P.; West, Thomas H.; Dooley, Ruth E.; Reid, Marc; Jones, Ariana B.; King, Edward J.; Leach, Andrew G.; Lloyd-Jones, Guy C. published 《Anion-Initiated Trifluoromethylation by TMSCF3: Deconvolution of the Siliconate-Carbanion Dichotomy by Stopped-Flow NMR/IR》.Journal of the American Chemical Society published the findings.HPLC of Formula: 78191-00-1 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The mechanism of CF3 transfer from R3SiCF3 (R = Me, Et, iPr) to ketones and aldehydes, initiated by M+X- (< 0.004 to 10 mol %), has been investigated by anal. of kinetics (variable-ratio stopped-flow NMR and IR), 13C/2H KIEs, LFER, addition of ligands (18-c-6, crypt-222), and d. functional theory calculations The kinetics, reaction orders, and selectivity vary substantially with reagent (R3SiCF3) and initiator (M+X-). Traces of exogenous inhibitors present in the R3SiCF3 reagents, which vary substantially in proportion and identity between batches and suppliers, also affect the kinetics. Some reactions are complete in milliseconds, others take hours, and others stall before completion. Despite these differences, a general mechanism has been elucidated in which the product alkoxide and CF3- anion act as chain carriers in an anionic chain reaction. Silyl enol ether generation competes with 1,2-addition and involves protonation of CF3- by the α-C-H of the ketone and the OH of the enol. The overarching mechanism for trifluoromethylation by R3SiCF3, in which pentacoordinate siliconate intermediates are unable to directly transfer CF3- as a nucleophile or base, rationalizes why the turnover rate (per M+X- initiator) depends on the initial concentration (but not identity) of X-, the identity (but not concentration) of M+, the identity of the R3SiCF3 reagent, and the carbonyl/R3SiCF3 ratio. It also rationalizes which R3SiCF3 reagent effects the most rapid trifluoromethylation, for a specific M+X- initiator. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1HPLC of Formula: 78191-00-1)

N-Methoxy-N-methylacetamide(cas: 78191-00-1) belongs to anime. Nitrous acid converts secondary amines (aliphatic or aromatic) to N-nitroso compounds (nitrosamines): R2NH + HNO2 → R2N―NO. Some nitrosamines are potent cancer-inducing substances, and their possible formation is a serious consideration when nitrites, which are salts of nitrous acid, are present in foods or pharmaceutical preparations. Tertiary amines give rise to nitrosamines more slowly; an alkyl group is eliminated as an aldehyde or ketone, along with nitrous oxide, N2O.HPLC of Formula: 78191-00-1

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics