Category: 18836-52-7

Standardization and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of fruit and leaf of Piper sarmentosum was written by Hussain, Khalid;Ismail, Zhari;Sadikun, Amirin;Ibrahim, Pazilah. And the article was included in Planta Medica in 2010.HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The present study aimed to investigate standardized ethanol extracts of fruit and leaves of Piper sarmentosum for their in vivo antioxidant activity in rats using a CCl₄-induced oxidative stress model. The standardization was based on the quantification of the markers pellitorine, sarmentine and sarmentosine by HPLC, and determination of total primary and secondary metabolites. The rats, divided into 7 groups each, were used as follows: group 1 (CCl₄, neg. control), group 2 (untreated, control), groups 3 and 4 (fruit extract 250 and 500 mg/kg, resp.), groups 5 and 6 (leaf extract 250 and 500 mg/kg, resp.) and group 7 (vitamin-E 100 mg/kg, pos. control). The doses were administered orally for 14 days; 4 h following the last dose, a single dose of CCl₄ (1.5 mg/kg) was given orally to all the groups except group 2, and after 24 h, blood and liver of each animal were obtained. Anal. of plasma and liver homogenate exhibited significant preservation of markers of antioxidant activity, total plasma antioxidant activity (TPAA), total protein (TP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), in the pretreated groups as compared to the CCl₄ group. Histol. of the liver also evidenced the protection of hepatocytes against CCl₄ metabolites in the pretreated groups. The results of this study indicate the in vivo antioxidant activity of both extracts of the plant, which may be valuable to combat diseases involving free radicals. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alkaloids from Piper nigrum Exhibit Antiinflammatory Activity via Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway was written by Ngo, Quynh-Mai Thi;Tran, Phuong Thao;Tran, Manh Hung;Kim, Jeong Ah.;Rho, Seong Soo;Lim, Chi-Hwan;Kim, Jin-Cheol;Woo, Mi Hee;Choi, Jae Sui;Lee, Jeong-Hyung;Min, Byung Sun. And the article was included in Phytotherapy Research in 2017.Related Products of 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In the present study, ten alkaloids, namely chabamide (1), pellitorine (2), retrofractamide A (3), pyrroperine (4), isopiperolein B (5), piperamide C9:1 (8E) (6), 6,7-dehydrobrachyamide B (7), 4,5-dihydropiperine (8), dehydropipernonaline (9), and piperine (10), were isolated from the fruits of Piper nigrum. Among these, chabamide (1), pellitorine (2), retrofractamide A (3), isopiperolein B (5), and 6,7-dehydrobrachyamide B (7) exhibited significant inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells, with IC₅₀ values of 6.8, 14.5, 30.2, 23.7, and 38.5 μM, resp. Furthermore, compound 1 inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in bone marrow-derived macrophages with IC₅₀ value of 9.5 μM. Consistent with NO inhibition, treatment of RAW264.7 cells with chabamide (1), pellitorine (2), and 6,7-dehydrobrachyamide B (7) suppressed expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Chabamide (1), pellitorine (2), and 6,7-dehydrobrachyamide B (7) induced heme-oxygenase-1 expression at the transcriptional level. In addition, compound 1 induced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and upregulated the expression of Nrf2 target genes, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase catalytic subunit, in a concentration-dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells. These findings suggest that chabamide (1) from P. nigrum exert antiinflammatory effects via the activation of the Nrf2/heme-oxygenase-1 pathway; hence, it might be a promising candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Related Products of 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Related Products of 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Herbicidal activities of compounds isolated from the medicinal plant Piper sarmentosum was written by Feng, Gang;Chen, Min;Ye, Huo-Chun;Zhang, Zheng-Ke;Li, Hong;Chen, Li-Liang;Chen, Xiao-Ling;Yan, Chao;Zhang, Jing. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2019.Related Products of 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The discovery of novel natural herbicides is crucial to address increased weed resistance and environmental issues. In our previous screening for naturally occurring plant-derived herbicides, the ethanol extract of Piper sarmentosum leaves and stems possessed herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crusgalli and Amaranthus retroflexus. Here, four known compounds were isolated from the extracts by bioassay-guided fractionation. They were characterized as sarmentosine, sarmentine, piperine and pellitorine based on their spectral data. Phytotoxic anal. revealed that sarmentosine and sarmentine were more phytotoxic against E. crusgalli and A. retroflexus, inhibiting the shoot and root growth process in a concentration-dependent manner. The greenhouse herbicidal activity assay showed that sarmentine and sarmentosine could effectively control E. crusgalli and A. retroflexus at 5-mg/mL concentrations, resulting in inhibition rates of more than 80%. The weed-controlling spectrum test indicated that sarmentosine could effectively control barnyard grass (E. crusgalli), feather fingergrass (Chloris virgata), morning glory (Pharbitis nil), redroot pigweed (A. retroflexus) and Chinese jute (Abutilon theophrasti). In particular, sarmentosine exhibited synergistic effects against E. crusgalli and A. retroflexus when it was applied in combination with propanil (a com. herbicide). This is the first report of the herbicidal activity of the natural amine alkaloid sarmentosine and its synergistic effects. These findings warrant further investigations of P. sarmentosum to produce amine alkaloid-based weed control agents. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Related Products of 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Related Products of 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Larvicidal activity of lignans and alkaloid identified in Zanthoxylum piperitum bark toward insecticide-susceptible and wild Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes aegypti was written by Kim, Soon-Il;Ahn, Young-Joon. And the article was included in Parasites & Vectors in 2017.Computed Properties of C14H25NO The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, and the common house mosquito, Culex pipiens pallens, transmit dengue fever and West Nile virus diseases, resp. This study was conducted to determine the toxicity of the three lignans (-)-asarinin, sesamin and (+)-xanthoxylol-γ,γ-dimethylallylether (XDA), and the alkaloid pellitorine from Zanthoxylum piperitum (Rutaceae) bark to third-instar larvae from insecticide-susceptible C. pipiens pallens and Ae. aegypti as well as wild C. pipiens pallens resistant to deltamethrin, cyfluthrin, fenthion, and temephos. The toxicities of all isolates were compared with those of mosquito larvicide temephos. LC50 values for each species and their treatments were significantly different from one another when their 95% confidence intervals did not overlap. XDA was isolated from Z. piperitum as a new larvicidal principle. XDA (LC50, 0.27 and 0.24 mg/l) was 4, 53, and 144 times and 4, 100, and 117 times more toxic than pellitorine, sesamin, and asarinin toward larvae from susceptible C. pipiens pallens and Ae. aegypti, resp. Overall, all the isolates were less toxic than temephos (LC50, 0.006 and 0.009 mg/l). These constituents did not differ in toxicity to larvae from the two Culex strains. The present finding indicates that the lignans and alkaloid and the insecticides do not share a common mode of larvicidal action or elicit cross-resistance. Naturally occurring Z. piperitum bark-derived compounds, particularly XDA, merit further study as potential mosquito larval control agents or as lead compounds for the control of insecticide-resistant mosquito populations. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Computed Properties of C14H25NO).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Computed Properties of C14H25NO

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Identification of chemical constituents of Zanthoxylum heitzii stem bark and their insecticidal activity against the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae was written by Moussavi, Nastaran;Malterud, Karl Egil;Mikolo, Bertin;Dawes, Dag;Chandre, Fabrice;Corbel, Vincent;Massamba, Daniel;Overgaard, Hans J.;Wangensteen, Helle. And the article was included in Parasites & Vectors in 2015.Application of 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Zanthoxylum heitzii bark extracts have insecticidal properties and have been reported to be used against malaria in Western Africa. Previously, it has been shown that a hexane extract of the bark is toxic to adult females of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae, a malaria vector. As part of our project on the control of malaria vectors using plant extracts, the phytochem. of Z. heitzii bark hexane extract has been investigated with the aim to identify the major components with adulticidal and larvicidal effects on An. gambiae. Z. heitzii stem bark was extracted with hexane, and the extract was fractionated to isolate major components from the bark, identified by NMR spectroscopy. Isolated compounds were tested for toxicity towards adult female An. gambiae mosquitoes and for larvicidal effects towards An. gambiae. The alkaloid dihydronitidine, the sesquiterpenoid caryophyllene oxide, the amide pellitorine and the lignan sesamin were identified as the major constituents in Z. heitzii bark. Pellitorine was toxic to both adult insects (LD50 50 ng/mg insect) and larvae (LD50 13 μg/mL). None of the other compounds were toxic to adults, but caryophyllene oxide and sesamin exhibited moderate larvicidal effects (LD50 > 150 μg/mL). A mixture of the four compounds in the same ratio as in the hexane extract showed higher toxicity (LD50 34 ng/mg insect) towards adult insects than the pure compounds The toxicity of Z. heitzii bark hexane extract to An. gambiae is mostly due to pellitorine, although interactions between pellitorine and other, inactive constituents may enhance the activity of the extract This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Application of 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Application of 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Antifungal docking studies of Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) and Senna Obtusifolia (L.) against candida albicans was written by Surawar, Vinayak;Kore, Sanket. And the article was included in International Journal of Pharmaceutics and Drug Analysis in 2021.Synthetic Route of C14H25NO The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Today there are many antifungal drugs and their formulations like a tablet, capsule, cream, ointment, gel, soap etc are present in the market many of them are effective in treatment in minor or severe cases of fungal infection caused due to different fungal or yeast species. But there are many side effects or adverse effects that occur which makes them unpleasant. This challenges to drug developers to make drug or formulations which are effective in the treatment and have no or min. side effects. This challenge makes our eyes focus on natural chem. constituents, which are known to be having fewer side effects with effective treatment of disease. Here we have taken two receptors from the RCSB PDB database which is a structural component of candida Albicans (1CZ1 and IAI9) proven to be the target of many antifungal drugs, both are responsible for different mode of action. The Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) and Senna Obtusifolia (L.) have many chem. constituents having different pharmacol. activity like anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, etc. from these two plant species some chem. constituents are selected depending on their structural characteristics. After selection ligand-receptor mol. docking (by using Autodock Vina) was carried out between them. For its verification of antifungal activity, it is then compared with selected Standard drugs which have already clin. proved as an antifungal drug. Sesamine from Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) and Obtusifoline and Physcion from Senna Obtusifolia (L.) are potent lead compounds which on future structural modification gives us desired antifungal activity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Synthetic Route of C14H25NO).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Synthetic Route of C14H25NO

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Evaluation of Unsaturated Alkanoic Acid Amides as Maskers of Epigallocatechin Gallate Astringency was written by Obst, Katja;Paetz, Susanne;Backes, Michael;Reichelt, Katharina V.;Ley, Jakob P.;Engel, Karl-Heinz. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2013.Safety of (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Some foods, beverages, and food ingredients show characteristic long-lasting aftertastes. The sweet, lingering taste of high intensity sweeteners or the astringency of tea catechins are typical examples. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin in green tea, causes a long-lasting astringency and bitterness. These sensations are mostly perceived as aversive and are only accepted in a few foods (e.g., tea and red wine). For the evaluation of the aftertaste of such constituents over a certain period of time, Intensity Variation Descriptive Methodol. (IVDM) was used. The approach allows the measurement of different descriptors in parallel in one panel session. IVDM was evaluated concerning the inter- and intraindividual differences of panelists for bitterness and astringency of EGCG. Subsequently, the test method was used as a screening tool for the identification of potential modality-selective masking compounds In particular, the intensity of the astringency of EGCG (750 mg kg^-1) could be significantly lowered by 18-33% during the time course by adding the trigeminal-active compound trans-pellitorine (2E,4E-decadienoic acid N-iso-Bu amide 1, 5 mg kg^-1) without significantly affecting bitterness perception. Further, structurally related compounds were evaluated on EGCG to gain evidence for possible structure-activity relationships. A more polar derivative of 1, (2S)-2-[[(2E,4E)-deca-2,4-dienoyl]amino]propanoic acid 9, was also able to reduce the astringency of EGCG similar to trans-pellitorine but without showing the strong tingling effect. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Safety of (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Safety of (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Accelerated stability and chemical kinetics of ethanol extracts of fruit of Piper sarmentosum using high performance liquid chromatography was written by Khalid, Hussain;Zhari, Ismail;Amirin, Sadikun;Pazilah, Ibrahim. And the article was included in Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research in 2011.HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The extracts of Piper sarmentosum, a medicinal plant, are being used to prepare phytopharmaceuticals while the information about chem. kinetics of constituents of the extract is unavailable to assign precise shelf life (t₉₀) and find optimum storage conditions of the product for patient safety, and to avoid economic repercussions of launching an unstable product. The extract was exposed to three different conditions of high temperature and relative humidity (RH) for six months. The samples were then analyzed at 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 mo by high performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) using pellitorine, sarmentine and sarmentosine as markers. Different chem. kinetic parameters of the markers were evaluated by Arrhenius equation to predict shelf life (t₉₀) at different storage conditions and at room temperature The markers in the extract followed the zero order degradation, and the activation energy, pre exponential factor and rate constant of the reaction of the markers were found to be varying in samples stored at different conditions. The contents of the markers were found to be decreasing at high temperature and humidity with the passage of time. The predicted shelf life (t₉₀) of the markers at room temperature was found to be 16 mo approx. Results of this study indicate that extracts of the plant are stable at room temperature for 16 mo. Moreover, the chem. kinetic data of the markers and the anal. method used to quantify the markers may be useful for phytopharmaceutical industry to produce efficacious and stable products from extracts of the plant. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.HPLC of Formula: 18836-52-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Advancing HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR Analysis of Coumarins in Coleonema album by Use of Orthogonal Reversed-Phase C₁₈ and Pentafluorophenyl Separations was written by Lima, Rita de Cassia L.;Gramsbergen, Simone M.;Van Staden, Johannes;Jager, Anna K.;Kongstad, Kenneth T.;Staerk, Dan. And the article was included in Journal of Natural Products in 2017.Name: (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A hyphenated procedure involving high-performance liquid chromatog., photodiode array detection, high-resolution mass spectrometry, solid-phase extraction, and NMR spectroscopy, i.e., HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR, has proven an effective technique for the identification of compounds in complex matrixes. Most HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR investigations reported so far have relied on anal.-scale reversed-phase C₁₈ columns for separation Herein is reported the use of an anal.-scale pentafluorophenyl column as an orthogonal separation method following fractionation of a crude Et acetate extract of leaves of Coleonema album on a preparative-scale C₁₈ column. This setup allowed the HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR anal. of 23 coumarins, including six new compounds, 8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-6-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yl)-7-methoxycoumarin (4), (Z)-6-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-7-hydroxycoumarin (6), 6-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3-methylbut-1-yl)-7-hydroxycoumarin (8), (Z)-7-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yloxy)coumarin (13), (S)-8-(3-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yloxy)-7-methoxycoumarin (19), and 7-(3-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yloxy)coumarin (20). The use of the pentafluorophenyl column even allowed separation of several regioisomers that are usually difficult to sep. using reversed-phase C₁₈ columns. The phytochem. investigation described for C. album in this report demonstrates the potential and wide applicability of HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR for accelerated structural identification of natural products in complex mixtures This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Name: (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Name: (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Larvicidal Activity of Asarum heterotropoides Root Constituents against Insecticide-Susceptible and -Resistant Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes aegypti and Ochlerotatus togoi was written by Perumalsamy, Haribalan;Chang, Kyu Sik;Park, Chan;Ahn, Young-Joon. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2010.Recommanded Product: (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide The following contents are mentioned in the article:

We investigated the toxicity of (-)-asarinin, α-asarone, methyleugenol, pellitorine, and pentadecane identified in Asarum heterotropoides root to third instar larvae from insecticide-susceptible Culex pipiens pallens (KS-CP strain), Aedes aegypti, and Ochlerotatus togoi as well as field-collected C. p. pallens (DJ-CP colony), identified by polymerase chain reaction. Results were compared with those of two conventional mosquito larvicides: fenthion and temephos. Pellitorine (LC₅₀, 2.08, 2.33, and 2.38 ppm) was 5.5, 10.8, and 25.6 times, 4.5, 11.6, and 24.7 times, and 6.9, 11.1, and 24.6 times more toxic than (-)-asarinin, α-asarone, and methyleugenol against susceptible C. p. pallens, A. aegypti, and O. togoi larvae, resp. Pentadecane was least toxic. Overall, all the compounds were less toxic than either fenthion or temephos. However, these compounds did not differ in toxicity against larvae from the two Culex strains, even though the DJ-CP larvae exhibited high levels of resistance to fenthion (resistance ratio (RR), 1179), chlorpyrifos (RR, 1174), fenitrothion (RR, 428), deltamethrin (RR, 316), chlorfenapyr (RR, 225), and α-cypermethrin (RR, 94). This finding indicates that the isolated compounds and the pyrethroid, organophosphorus, and pyrrole insecticides do not share a common mode of action or elicit cross-resistance. A. heterotropoides root-derived materials, particularly (-)-asarinin and pellitorine, merit further study as potential mosquito larvicides for the control of insecticide-resistant mosquito populations in light of global efforts to reduce the level of highly toxic synthetic insecticides in the aquatic environment. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7Recommanded Product: (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide).

(2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (cas: 18836-52-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Recommanded Product: (2E,4E)-N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics