Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Analogues of Fenarimol Are Potent Inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi and Are Efficacious in a Murine Model of Chagas Disease was written by Keenan, Martine;Abbott, Michael J.;Alexander, Paul W.;Armstrong, Tanya;Best, Wayne M.;Berven, Bradley;Botero, Adriana;Chaplin, Jason H.;Charman, Susan A.;Chatelain, Eric;von Geldern, Thomas W.;Kerfoot, Maria;Khong, Andrea;Nguyen, Tien;McManus, Joshua D.;Morizzi, Julia;Ryan, Eileen;Scandale, Ivan;Thompson, R. Andrew;Wang, Sen Z.;White, Karen L.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2012.COA of Formula: C10H10F3NO2 This article mentions the following:

We report the discovery of nontoxic fungicide fenarimol (1, I) as an inhibitor of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), the causative agent of Chagas disease, and the results of structure-activity investigations leading to potent analogs with low nM IC₅₀s in a T. cruzi whole cell in vitro assay. Lead compounds suppressed blood parasitemia to virtually undetectable levels after once daily oral dosing in mouse models of T. cruzi infection. Compounds are chem. tractable, allowing rapid optimization of target biol. activity and drug characteristics. Chem. and biol. studies undertaken in the development of the fenarimol series toward the goal of delivering a new drug candidate for Chagas disease are reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7COA of Formula: C10H10F3NO2).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.COA of Formula: C10H10F3NO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Halogenation of N-substituted p-quinone imines and p-quinone oxime esters: IV. Chlorination and bromination of N-arylsulfonyl-2(3)-methyl(2-chloro)-1,4-benzoquinone monoimines was written by Avdeenko, A. P.;Konovalova, S. A.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2006.Application of 1146-43-6 This article mentions the following:

The addition of halogens to N-arylsulfonyl-1,4-benzoquinone imines (e.g. N-(4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene)benzenesulfonamide), which exist in a solution as Z and E isomers, is controlled by steric factors. Z-E isomerization strongly affects the stability of cyclohexene structures formed by halogenation of 1,4-benzoquinone imines. The halogenation of N-arylsulfonyl-1,4-benzoquinone imines is accompanied by prototropic rearrangement. The halogenation of analogous phenols, e.g. N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide, which were also obtained in the halogenation of the quinone imines, was also examined In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6Application of 1146-43-6).

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Application of 1146-43-6

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A general palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl fluorides and organotitanium (IV) reagents was written by He, Xiao-Yun. And the article was included in Monatshefte fuer Chemie in 2021.Reference of 383-31-3 This article mentions the following:

Pd(OAc)₂/1-[2-(di-tert-butylphosphanyl)phenyl]-4-methoxy-piperidine was demonstrated to effectively catalyze cross-coupling of aryl fluoride and aryl(alkyl) titanium reagent. Both electron-deficient and electron-rich aryl fluoride reacted effectively with nucleophile and provided extensive functional groups tolerance. 2-Arylated product was realized by selective activation of the C-F bond. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluoro-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 383-31-3Reference of 383-31-3).

4-Fluoro-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 383-31-3) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Reference of 383-31-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reactions of OH-radicals with procarbazine. A pulse radiolysis and computer simulation study was written by Delipetar-Grudl, A.;Solar, S.;Getoff, N.. And the article was included in Anticancer Research in 2006.Recommanded Product: 13255-50-0 This article mentions the following:

Pulse radiolysis was applied to study the reactivity of ^·OH radicals with procarbazine (PC), a cytostatic agent widely used in radiation- and chemotherapy. An overall rate constant of k(^·OH+PC)=3.7×10⁹ l.mol^-1.s^-1 was determined The thereby formed transients had a strong absorption at 350 nm, ε₃₅₀=4.46×10³ l.mol^-1.cm^-1, and a weak absorption band around 530 nm. Computer simulation studies to elucidate the most probable sites of ^·OH attack on the PC mol. showed that ^·OH radical addition to the aromatic ring had the highest probability. These transients decayed by a first order reaction, k=1.75×10³ s^-1, whereby species having a maximum absorption at 300 nm and broad shoulder at 340-380 nm were formed. Similar absorptions were observed after gamma radiolysis of PC. A reaction mechanism is suggested. For the reaction of H-atoms with PC, a rate constant k(^·H+PC)=6.4×10⁸ l.mol^-1.s^-1 was determined In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0Recommanded Product: 13255-50-0).

4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Recommanded Product: 13255-50-0

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis and biological activities of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives as TRPM2 inhibitors was written by Zhang, Han;Liu, Huan;Luo, Xiao;Wang, Yuxi;Liu, Yuan;Jin, Hongwei;Liu, Zhenming;Yang, Wei;Yu, Peilin;Zhang, Liangren;Zhang, Lihe. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Electric Literature of C7H7ClN2O This article mentions the following:

In this study, a series of novel 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives, e.g. I was subsequently synthesized and characterized. Their inhibitory activity against the TRPM2 channel was evaluated by calcium imaging and electrophysiol. approaches. Some of the compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activity, especially 6-bromo-8-methyl-2-[3-(2-naphthyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinazolin-4-one which showed an IC₅₀ of 3.7μM against TRPM2 and did not affect the TRPM8 channel. The summarized structure-activity relationship (SAR) provided valuable insights for further development of specific TRPM2 targeted inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide (cas: 54166-95-9Electric Literature of C7H7ClN2O).

6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide (cas: 54166-95-9) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Electric Literature of C7H7ClN2O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tranilast as an Adjunctive Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with Severe COVID- 19: A Randomized Controlled Trial was written by Saeedi-Boroujeni, Ali;Nashibi, Roohangiz;Ghadiri, Ata A.;Nakajima, Motowo;Salmanzadeh, Shokrollah;Mahmoudian-Sani, Mohammad-Reza;Hanafi, Mohammad Ghasem;Sharhani, Asaad;Khodadadi, Ali. And the article was included in Archives of Medical Research in 2022.Quality Control of 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid This article mentions the following:

Tranilast is a potential NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor that may relieve progressive inflammation due to COVID-19. To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Tranilast in combination with antiviral drugs in non-ICU-admitted hospitalized patients with COVID-19. This study was an open-label clin. trial that included 72 hospitals admitted patients with severe COVID-19 at Razi Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, from July 2020-August 2020. These patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to control (30) and intervention groups (30). Patients in the control group received antiviral therapy, while patients in the intervention group received Tranilast (300 mg daily) in addition to the antiviral drugs for Seven days. The collected data, including the expression of inflammatory cytokine, laboratory tests, and clin. findings, was used for intragroup comparisons. The intervention group showed significantly lower levels of NLR (p = 0.001), q-CRP (p = 0.002), IL-1 (p = 0.001), TNF (p = 0.001), and LDH (p = 0.046) in comparison with the control group. The effect of intervention was significant in increasing the o2 saturation (F = 7.72, p = 0.007). Long hospitalization (four days or above) was 36.6% in the Tranilast and 66.6% in the control group (RR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.38-1.06, p = 0.045). In the Tranilst and control groups, one and four deaths or hospitalization in ICU were observed resp. (RR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.03-2.88, p = 0.20). Tranilast might be used as an effective and safe adjuvant therapy and enhance the antiviral therapy′s efficacy for managing patients with COVID-19. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Quality Control of 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Quality Control of 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enhanced nose-to-brain delivery of tranilast using liquid crystal formulations was written by See, Gerard Lee;Arce, Florencio Jr.;Dahlizar, Sabrina;Okada, Akie;Bin Mohd. Fadli, Muhammad Fikri;Hijikuro, Ichiro;Itakura, Shoko;Katakura, Masanori;Todo, Hiroaki;Sugibayashi, Kenji. And the article was included in Journal of Controlled Release in 2020.Application of 53902-12-8 This article mentions the following:

Intranasal administration is poised as a competent method in delivering drugs to the brain, because the nasal route has a direct link with the central nervous system bypassing the formidable blood-brain barrier. C₁₇-monoglycerol ester (MGE) and glyceryl monooleate (GMO) as liquid crystal (LC)-forming lipids possess desirable formulation characteristics as drug carriers for intranasally administered drugs. This study investigated the effect of LC formulations on the pharmacokinetics of tranilast (TL), a lipophilic model drug, and its distribution in the therapeutic target regions of the brain in rats. The anatomical biodistribution of LC formulations was monitored using micro-computed tomog. tandem in vivo imaging systems. MGE and GMO effectively formed LC with suitable particle size, zeta potential, and viscosity supporting the delivery of TL to the brain. MGE and GMO LC formulations enhanced brain uptake by 10- to 12-fold and 2- to 2.4- fold, resp., compared with TL solution The olfactory bulb had the highest TL concentration and fluorescent signals among all the brain regions, indicating a direct nose-to-brain delivery pathway of LC formulations. LC-forming lipids, MGE and GMO, are potential biomaterials in formulations intended for intranasal administration. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Application of 53902-12-8).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Application of 53902-12-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper porphyrin-catalyzed C(sp²)-O bond construction via coupling phenols with formamides was written by Yang, Shuang;Chen, Xiao-Yan;Xiong, Ming-Feng;Zhang, Hao;Shi, Lei;Lin, Dong-Zi;Liu, Hai-Yang. And the article was included in Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society (Weinheim, Germany) in 2021.SDS of cas: 19311-91-2 This article mentions the following:

Copper porphyrin-catalyzed construction of C(sp²)-O bond via coupling formamides with phenols was achieved firstly. A broad range of substrates afforded various carbamates R¹R²NC(O)OR [R¹ = 4-FC₆H₄, 3-CHOC₆H₄, 2-F₃CC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = Me, Et; R² = Me, Et; R¹R² = CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₂] in moderate to good yields with good functional group tolerance at low catalyst loading. Intermol. competing kinetic isotope effect experiment indicated that the generation of formamide radical was the rate-determining step of current cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction. The research extended the application of metalloporphyrin in CDC reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2SDS of cas: 19311-91-2).

N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.SDS of cas: 19311-91-2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mechanism of H₂O₂/bleach activators and related factors was written by Liu, Kai;Yan, Kelu;Sun, Gang. And the article was included in Cellulose (Dordrecht, Netherlands) in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 10543-57-4 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: A mechanism of H₂O₂/bleach activator bleaching systems was proposed by using H₂O₂/tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) system as a model. HO· concentrations of the system under different pH conditions was measured by using benzenepentacarboxylic acid as a fluorescent probe. Computational anal. of bond enthalpies of H₂O₂ and peracids revealed that HO· should be the most effective agent in bleaching process, and peracids formed in H2O2/bleach activator bleaching systems could more easily produce HO^·. The formation of peracids in H₂O₂/TAED system depends on the pH values of bleaching solutions and a nucleophilic substitution of the acid derivative by peroxide anion (HOO^–). Charge d. on carbonyl carbons of bleach activators affects the formation of peracids as well, which was proven from these compounds of TAED, tetraacetylhydrazine, N-[4-(triethylammoniomethyl)-benzoyl]-caprolactam chloride, phthalimide, N-acetylphthalimide and nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate. It is likely that the charge densities on carbonyl carbon of amide bleach activators should be larger than 0.185. For ester bleach activators, the results were also investigated by activation energy, Gibbs free energy and Hansen solubility parameters. In addition, the ecotoxicity of bleach activators has been evaluated by ECOSAR program. Potential bleach activators can be designed and explored according to these results instead of large amounts of exptl. data. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4HPLC of Formula: 10543-57-4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.HPLC of Formula: 10543-57-4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Predicting impact of food and feeding time on oral absorption of drugs with a novel rat continuous intestinal absorption model was written by Radice, Casey;Korzekwa, Ken;Nagar, Swati. And the article was included in Drug Metabolism & Disposition in 2022.Application of 10238-21-8 This article mentions the following:

Intricacies in intestinal physiol., drug properties, and food effects should be incorporated into models to predict complex oral drug absorption. A previously published human continuous intestinal absorption model based on the convection-diffusion equation was modified specifically for the male Sprague-Dawley rat in this report. Species-specific physiol. conditions along intestinal length – exptl. velocity and pH under fasted and fed conditions, were measured and incorporated into the intestinal absorption model. Concentration-time (C-t) profiles were measured upon a single i.v. and peroral (PO) dose for three drugs: amlodipine (AML), digoxin (DIG), and glyburide (GLY). Absorption profiles were predicted and compared with exptl. collected data under three feeding conditions: 12-h fasted rats were provided food at two specific times after oral drug dose (1 h and 2 h for AML and GLY; 0.5 h and 1 h for DIG), or they were provided food for the entire study. I.v. vs. PO C-t profiles suggested absorption even at later times and informed design of appropriate math. input functions based on exptl. feeding times. With this model, AML, DIG, and GLY oral C-t profiles for all feeding groups were generally well predicted, with exposure overlap coefficients in the range of 0.80-0.97. Efflux transport for DIG and uptake and efflux transport for GLY were included, modeling uptake transporter inhibition in the presence of food. Results indicate that the continuous intestinal rat model incorporates complex physiol. processes and feeding times relative to drug dose into a simple framework to provide accurate prediction of oral absorption. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Application of 10238-21-8).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Application of 10238-21-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics