Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Tuning Synergistic Effect of Au-Pd Bimetallic Nanocatalyst for Aerobic Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines was written by Duan, Hui;Zeng, Yongfei;Yao, Xin;Xing, Pengyao;Liu, Jia;Zhao, Yanli. And the article was included in Chemistry of Materials in 2017.Electric Literature of C13H24N2O This article mentions the following:

The activation and utilization of carbon monoxide is of crucial importance to C₁ chem. Various catalytic transformation processes have been developed and studied in the last century, and oxidative carbonylation of amines is one of them. Catalysts that have been identified to date for the oxidative carbonylation of amines generally show relatively low activity and/or selectivity. Herein, a metal-organic framework (MOF), i.e., MOF-253 prepared from AlCl₃·6H₂O and 2,2′-bipyridine-5,5′-dicarboxylic acid, was employed as a support of gold-palladium bimetallic nanoparticles (Au-Pd/MOF) for the oxidative carbonylation of amines under mild conditions. Compared to palladium or gold monometallic catalysts, higher catalytic activity (turnover frequency up to 2573 h^-1) and selectivity in the carbonylation of amines were achieved by Au-Pd/MOF bimetallic catalysts through adjusting the molar ratio of gold and palladium within the framework. A breathing effect of Au-Pd/MOF in the catalytic process was further observed from kinetic profiles and powder X-ray diffraction for the first time. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Electric Literature of C13H24N2O).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Electric Literature of C13H24N2O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Amination of 5-Spiro-Substituted 3-Hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones was written by Khramtsova, Ekaterina E.;Lystsova, Ekaterina A.;Khokhlova, Evgeniya V.;Dmitriev, Maksim V.;Maslivets, Andrey N.. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 2387-23-7 This article mentions the following:

The 3-hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one motif is a valuable scaffold in drug discovery. The replacement of the 3-oxy fragment in 3-hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones-based compounds with a 3-amino one (3-amino analogs of 3-hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones, 3-amino-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones) can play a crucial role in their biol. effect. Thus, approaches to 3-amino-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones are of significant interest. We developed an approach to 5-spiro-substituted 3-amino-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones that could not be obtained using previously reported approaches (reactions of 3-hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones with amines). The developed approach is based on the thermal decomposition of 1,3-disubstituted urea derivatives of 5-spiro-substituted 3-hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones, which were prepared via their reaction with carbodiimides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7HPLC of Formula: 2387-23-7).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.HPLC of Formula: 2387-23-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper-catalyzed amination of (bromophenyl)ethanolamine for a concise synthesis of aniline-containing analogues of NMDA NR2B antagonist ifenprodil was written by Bouteiller, Cedric;Becerril-Ortega, Javier;Marchand, Patrice;Nicole, Olivier;Barre, Louisa;Buisson, Alain;Perrio, Cecile. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2010.Product Details of 19311-91-2 This article mentions the following:

An operationally simple and concise synthesis of anilinoethanolamines, as NMDA NR2B receptor antagonist ifenprodil analogs, was developed via a copper-catalyzed amination of the corresponding bromoarene. Coupling was achieved with linear primary alkylamines, α,ω-diamines, hexanolamine and benzophenone imine, as well as with aqueous ammonia, in good yields using CuI and N,N-diethylsalicylamide, 2,4-pentadione or 2-acetylcyclohexanone as catalytic systems. Amination with ethylene diamine was efficient even in the absence of an additive ligand, whereas no reaction occurred with ethanolamine whatever the conditions used. The anilinoethanolamines were evaluated as NR2B receptor antagonists in a functional inhibition assay. Aminoethylanilines displayed inhibition effects close to that of ifenprodil. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2Product Details of 19311-91-2).

N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Product Details of 19311-91-2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Study on mutagenicity of daunomycin and methotrexate sodium by Ames test and SCE method was written by Zhao, Shou-Yun;Chiu, Hsin-Fang;Li, Chang-Pen;Chin, Shih-Chen;Fu, Shao-Min. And the article was included in Yichuan in 1981.Related Products of 7413-34-5 This article mentions the following:

Daunomycin (I) [20830-81-3] induced mutagenesis in histidine-deficient strains of Salmonella typhimurium, TA100 and especially TA 98 at concentrations of ≥2 μg/test; in contrast, Na methotrexate (II Na salt) [7413-34-5] did not induce mutagenesis in both strains. Similar observations were made when I and II were tested on human leukocytes by sister chromatid exchanges (SCE); I (10 μg/mL) stimulated SCE frequency, whereas II did not cause significant change in the frequency of SCE. The sensitivity of the SCE method was 1500-fold more sensitive than the other method in testing the mutagenicity of these drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate (cas: 7413-34-5Related Products of 7413-34-5).

Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate (cas: 7413-34-5) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Related Products of 7413-34-5

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

α₁-Adrenoceptor activation: a comparison of 4-(anilinomethyl)imidazoles and 4-(phenoxymethyl)imidazoles to related 2-imidazolines was written by Hodson, Stephen J.;Bigham, Eric C.;Garrison, Deanna T.;Gobel, Michael J.;Irving, Paul E.;Liacos, James A.;Navas, Frank;Saussy, David L.;Sherman, Bryan W.;Speake, Jason D.;Bishop, Michael J.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2002.Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethylsalicylamide This article mentions the following:

Literature reports suggest that disruption of an interhelical salt bridge is critical for α₁-adrenoceptor activation, and the basic amine found in adrenergic receptor ligands is responsible for the disruption. Novel 4-(anilinomethyl)imidazoles and 4-(phenoxymethyl)imidazoles are agonists of the cloned human α₁-adrenoceptors in vitro, and potent, selective α_1A-adrenoceptor agonists have been identified in this series. These imidazoles demonstrate similar potencies and α₁-subtype selectivities as the corresponding 2-substituted imidazolines. The extremely close SAR suggests that, in spite of the large difference in basicity, these imidazoles and imidazolines may establish the same interactions to activate α₁-adrenoceptors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethylsalicylamide).

N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethylsalicylamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Advancing Base-Metal Catalysis: Development of a Screening Method for Nickel-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions of Pharmaceutically Relevant Heterocycles was written by Goldfogel, Matthew J.;Guo, Xuelei;Melendez Matos, Jeishla L.;Gurak, John A. Jr.;Joannou, Matthew V.;Moffat, William B.;Simmons, Eric M.;Wisniewski, Steven R.. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2022.Related Products of 10238-21-8 This article mentions the following:

Interest in replacing palladium catalysts with base metals resulted in the development of a 24-reaction screening platform for identifying nickel-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions. This method was designed to be directly applicable to process scale-up by employing homogeneous reaction conditions alongside stable and inexpensive nickel(II) precatalysts and has proven to be broadly suitable for complex heterocyclic substrates relevant to bioactive mols. These advances were enabled by the key discovery that a methanol additive greatly improves the reaction performance and enables the use of organic-soluble amine bases. The screening platform and scale-up workflow were applied to a representative cross-coupling using the antipsychotic perphenazine and enabled the rapid development of a gram-scale synthesis that highlighted the utility of this method and the advantages of nickel catalysis for metal remediation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Related Products of 10238-21-8).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Related Products of 10238-21-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

(2-Ethylhexyl)sodium: A Hexane-Soluble Reagent for Br/Na-Exchanges and Directed Metalations in Continuous Flow was written by Harenberg, Johannes H.;Weidmann, Niels;Wiegand, Alexander J.;Hoefer, Carla A.;Annapureddy, Rajasekar Reddy;Knochel, Paul. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Electric Literature of C10H10F3NO2 This article mentions the following:

We report the on-demand generation of hexane-soluble (2-ethylhexyl)sodium (1) from 3-(chloromethyl)heptane (2) using a sodium-packed-bed reactor under continuous flow conditions. Thus, the resulting solution of 1 is free of elemental sodium and therefore suited for a range of synthetic applications. This new procedure avoids the storage of an alkylsodium and limits the handling of metallic sodium to a min. (2-Ethylhexyl)sodium (1) proved to be a very useful reagent and undergoes in-line Br/Na-exchanges as well as directed sodiations. The resulting arylsodium intermediates are subsequently trapped in batch with various electrophiles such as ketones, aldehydes, Weinreb-amides, imines, allyl bromides, disulfides and alkyl iodides. A reaction scale-up of the Br/Na-exchange using an in-line electrophile quench was also reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7Electric Literature of C10H10F3NO2).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Electric Literature of C10H10F3NO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Analogues of Fenarimol Are Potent Inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi and Are Efficacious in a Murine Model of Chagas Disease was written by Keenan, Martine;Abbott, Michael J.;Alexander, Paul W.;Armstrong, Tanya;Best, Wayne M.;Berven, Bradley;Botero, Adriana;Chaplin, Jason H.;Charman, Susan A.;Chatelain, Eric;von Geldern, Thomas W.;Kerfoot, Maria;Khong, Andrea;Nguyen, Tien;McManus, Joshua D.;Morizzi, Julia;Ryan, Eileen;Scandale, Ivan;Thompson, R. Andrew;Wang, Sen Z.;White, Karen L.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2012.Synthetic Route of C9H10BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

We report the discovery of nontoxic fungicide fenarimol (1, I) as an inhibitor of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), the causative agent of Chagas disease, and the results of structure-activity investigations leading to potent analogs with low nM IC₅₀s in a T. cruzi whole cell in vitro assay. Lead compounds suppressed blood parasitemia to virtually undetectable levels after once daily oral dosing in mouse models of T. cruzi infection. Compounds are chem. tractable, allowing rapid optimization of target biol. activity and drug characteristics. Chem. and biol. studies undertaken in the development of the fenarimol series toward the goal of delivering a new drug candidate for Chagas disease are reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2Synthetic Route of C9H10BrNO2).

4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Synthetic Route of C9H10BrNO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel one-pot preparation of 5-methoxylated indoline and indole derivatives using a hypervalent iodine(III) reagent was written by Tohma, Hirofumi;Watanabe, Hiroaki;Takizawa, Shinobu;Maegawa, Tomohiro;Kita, Yasuyuki. And the article was included in Heterocycles in 1999.Recommanded Product: 1146-43-6 This article mentions the following:

A novel and efficient one-pot preparation of 5-methoxy-1-tosylindolines and -indoles from N-tosyl-p-anisidines and activated olefins using phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) is described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6Recommanded Product: 1146-43-6).

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Recommanded Product: 1146-43-6

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Treading Water: Tire Wear Particle Leachate Recreates an Urban Runoff Mortality Syndrome in Coho but Not Chum Salmon was written by McIntyre, Jenifer K.;Prat, Jasmine;Cameron, James;Wetzel, Jillian;Mudrock, Emma;Peter, Katherine T.;Tian, Zhenyu;Mackenzie, Cailin;Lundin, Jessica;Stark, John D.;King, Kennith;Davis, Jay W.;Kolodziej, Edward P.;Scholz, Nathaniel L.. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2021.Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea This article mentions the following:

Tire tread wear particles (TWP) are increasingly recognized as a global pollutant of surface waters, but their impact on biota in receiving waters is rarely addressed. In the developed U.S. Pacific Northwest, acute mortality of adult coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) follows rain events and is correlated with roadway d. Roadway runoff exptl. triggers behavioral symptoms and associated changes in blood indicative of cardiorespiratory distress prior to death. Closely related chum salmon (O. keta) lack an equivalent response. Acute mortality of juvenile coho was recently exptl. linked to a transformation product of a tire-derived chem. We evaluated whether TWP leachate is sufficient to trigger the acute mortality syndrome in adult coho salmon. We characterized the acute response of adult coho and chum salmon to TWP leachate (survival, behavior, blood physiol.) and compared it with that caused by roadway runoff. TWP leachate was acutely lethal to coho at concentrations similar to roadway runoff, with the same behaviors and blood parameters impacted. As with runoff, chum salmon appeared insensitive to TWP leachate at concentrations lethal to coho. Our results confirm that environmentally relevant TWP exposures cause acute mortalities of a keystone aquatic species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics