Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Potentiation of the cytotoxic action of mafosfamide by N-isopropyl-p-formylbenzamide, a metabolite of procarbazine was written by Maki, Patricia A.;Sladek, Norman E.. And the article was included in Cancer Research in 1991.Recommanded Product: 13255-50-0 This article mentions the following:

Several mouse aldehyde dehydrogenases catalyze the detoxification of aldophosphamide, the pivotal metabolite of the prodrugs cyclophosphamide, mafosfamide, and other oxazaphosphorines. N-Isopropyl-p-formylbenzamide, a major metabolite of procarbazine, was found to be an excellent substrate (K_m = 0.84 μM) for at least one of these enzymes, namely mouse aldehyde dehydrogenase-2. The K_m for mouse aldehyde dehydrogenase-2-catalyzed detoxification of aldophosphamide is 16 μM. Thus, competition between N-isopropyl-p-formylbenzamide and aldophosphamide for the catalytic site on the enzyme should strongly favor the former, and the rate at which aldophosphamide is detoxified should be markedly retarded. Mouse L1210/OAP and P388/CLA leukemia cells are relatively insensitive to the oxazaphosphorines because they contain large amounts of mouse aldehyde dehydrogenase-2. As predicted, N-isopropyl-p-formylbenzamide markedly potentiated the cytotoxic action of mafosfamide against these cells. Mouse L1210/0 and P388/0 lack the enzyme. Again, as expected, N-isopropyl-p-formylbenzamide essentially did not potentiate the cytotoxic action of mafosfamide against these cells. Certain mouse and human hematopoietic progenitor cells also contain an aldehyde dehydrogenase that catalyzes the detoxification of aldophosphamide, but the specific identity of this enzyme remains to be established. N-Isopropyl-p-formylbenzamide potentiated the cytotoxic action of mafosfamide against these cells as well. Clin., procarbazine and the oxazaphosphorines are used to treat certain neoplastic diseases. Frequently, they are used in combination. These findings demonstrate the potential for both desirable and undesirable drug interactions when these agents are used concurrently. Similar drug interactions can be expected when other substrates for, or inhibitors of, the relevant aldehyde dehydrogenases, e.g., chloramphenicol, chloral hydrate, and methyltetrazolethiol-containing cephalosporins, are co-administered with the oxazaphosphorines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0Recommanded Product: 13255-50-0).

4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Recommanded Product: 13255-50-0

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Oxidation of substituted benzyl amines using a phenoxo-bridged dimeric nickel(II) complex: synthesis, crystal structure and catalytic activity was written by Kumar, Robin;Kumar, Ravinder;Mahiya, Kuldeep;Mathur, Pavan. And the article was included in Transition Metal Chemistry (Dordrecht, Netherlands) in 2015.HPLC of Formula: 2670-38-4 This article mentions the following:

A benzimidazole-based Schiff base ligand and its dinuclear complex [Ni₂(L)₂(NO₃)₂] where HL = [2-(2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethylimino)methyl]phenol were synthesized. An x-ray crystallog. study showed that both the metal centers in the complex adopt a distorted octahedral geometry. Variable-temperature magnetic studies suggest that the Ni(II) centers are antiferromagnetically coupled. Cyclic voltammetry confirms that the dinickel complex retains its identity in the presence of tert-Bu hydroperoxide in the solution state. The complex was used as a catalyst for the homogeneous oxidation of substituted benzyl amines in the presence of tert-Bu hydroperoxide. The yields of these reactions depend upon the nature of the substituent in the aromatic ring. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,4-Dichlorobenzamide (cas: 2670-38-4HPLC of Formula: 2670-38-4).

3,4-Dichlorobenzamide (cas: 2670-38-4) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.HPLC of Formula: 2670-38-4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A novel endothelium-independent effect of insulin on basal vascular tone in cafeteria diet-induced hypertensive rats was written by Joo Turoni, Claudio M.;Maranon, Rodrigo O.;Alberstein, Ramon A.;Sanchez, Romel S.;Peral de Bruno, Maria. And the article was included in European Journal of Pharmacology in 2022.Product Details of 10238-21-8 This article mentions the following:

Insulin vasorelaxant effect in metabolic syndrome has been shown on precontracted vessels. However, the insulin effects on basal vascular tone and its interrelationship with nitric oxide (NO) and K-channels are unknown. To test the effect of insulin on the basal vascular tone in isolated aortic rings from the cafeteria diet-induced hypertensive rats and to determine the role of NO and K-channels on this insulin effect. Male Wistar rats were randomized into two groups: one group fed with a cafeteria diet (CafR) and another fed with a standard chow diet (control rats: CR). Then, in isolated aortic rings, the insulin effect on the basal tone and the role of K-channels were evaluated. Also, the endothelial function, NO levels, and resting membrane potential were measured. CafR increased blood pressure (138 ± 6.2 mmHg; n = 9 vs. CR: 109 ± 1.4 mmHg; n = 9; p < 0.001) and vascular basal tone. Insulin 400 mU/mL reduced basal tone in aortic rings (-284 ± 47 mg; n = 9). This effect was unaffected by endothelium removal or N^G-nitro-L-arginine Me ester (L-NAME) treatment. Likewise, CafR showed low NO levels and a hyperpolarized resting membrane potential. Insulin decreased the resting membrane potential and the K_Ca and Kv channels blockers abolished this effect. In CafR, endothelial dysfunction is accompanied by an increased basal tone. Insulin reduced it by Kv and KCa channels dependent mechanisms, using an endothelium-independent pathway. These results highlight a novel insulin effect on basal tone of aortic rings from animals with metabolic syndrome and endothelial dysfunction, pathophysiol. conditions associated with human hypertension. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Product Details of 10238-21-8).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Product Details of 10238-21-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

E4orf1-induced reduction in endogenous insulin level is independent of pancreas endocrine function was written by Akheruzzaman, Md;Hegde, Vijay;Siddik, Abu Bakkar Md;Feizy, Zahra;Shin, Andrew C.;Dhurandhar, Nikhil V.. And the article was included in International Journal of Obesity in 2022.SDS of cas: 10238-21-8 This article mentions the following:

Obesity is often associated with hyperinsulinemia due to insulin resistance. In mice models of hyperinsulinemia, adenovirus-derived E4orf1 protein promotes glucose disposal via insulin-independent pathway, and reduces insulin response to glucose load, described as its “Insulin Sparing Action”. This is likely because less insulin is needed for disposing glucose in presence of E4orf1, however, there are other potential possibilities. This study determined if E4orf1 reduces insulin response to glucose load because it (a) suppresses the ability of pancreatic β-cells to secret insulin, or (b) upregulates glucagon production by the pancreas. C57BL/6J wild type (control) and transgenic C57BL/6J (E4orf1) mice that express E4orf1 protein in adipose tissue upon doxycycline feeding, were used. Post-doxycycline feeding, insulin and glucagon secretion in response to glibenclamide or phenylephrine were compared between the two groups. The pancreases were examined for histol. changes. In response to glibenclamide, E4orf1 mice secreted more insulin and exhibited lower blood glucose compared to control (47.4 ± 4.4 vs 27.4 ± 3.7 mg/dL, p < 0.003), but showed no difference in glucagon secretion. Post-phenylephrine injection, no differences were observed between the two groups for glucagon or insulin, except E4orf1 mice had a lower blood glucose rise after 10-min of injection compared to the control (39.7 ± 4.7 vs. 58.3 ± 7.5 mg/dL, p < 0.05). E4orf1 mice had significantly larger pancreatic islets and higher number of islets per mm2 tissue area. Neither the size nor the number of islets met the criteria of hypertrophy or hyperplasia. E4orf1 retains and may enhance the ability of the pancreases to secret insulin in response to insulin secretagogue. Glucagon does not seem to play a role in the Insulin Sparing Action of E4orf1. Overall, the histol. studies support better pancreatic islet health in presence of E4orf1, compared to that in control mice. The “insulin-independent” role of E4orf1 has potential therapeutic implications in addressing hyperinsulinemia in obesity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8SDS of cas: 10238-21-8).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.SDS of cas: 10238-21-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ugi and Passerini Reactions of Biocatalytically Derived Chiral Aldehydes: Application to the Synthesis of Bicyclic Pyrrolidines and of Antiviral Agent Telaprevir was written by Moni, Lisa;Banfi, Luca;Basso, Andrea;Carcone, Luca;Rasparini, Marcello;Riva, Renata. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2015.Recommanded Product: 58644-54-5 This article mentions the following:

Lipase-mediated desymmetrization of a meso-diol (1,2-cyclopentanedimethanol) allows the synthesis of both enantiomers of some chiral aldehydes, whose behavior in Passerini and Ugi reactions has been explored. Exploiting these two complementary multicomponent reactions and coupling them with a subsequent cyclization process, the authors observed that 6 out of all 8 possible stereoisomers of peptidomimetic pyrrolidines can be obtained in good yields. The potential of these protocols has been proved by the development of a new efficient synthesis of antiviral drug telaprevir. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Cyclopropylformamide (cas: 58644-54-5Recommanded Product: 58644-54-5).

N-Cyclopropylformamide (cas: 58644-54-5) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Recommanded Product: 58644-54-5

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Green Catalyst- and Additive-Free Three-Component Deamination Cyclization Synthesis of 3-Substituted-4- oxo-2-quinazolinonyl Sulfides was written by Zheng, Lvyin;Xie, Zhen;Cai, Liuhuan;Liu, Gongping;Mei, Weijie;Zou, Xiaoying;Zhuo, Xiaoya;Fan, Xiaolin;Guo, Wei. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2021.Product Details of 119023-25-5 This article mentions the following:

An efficient three-component deamination annulation of 2-aminobenzamides 2-NH₂-RC₆H₄C(O)NH₂ (R = H, 3-Me, 4-F, 5-Cl, etc.), isothiocyanates R¹NCS (R¹ = Ph, Bn, Me, etc.) and alkyl bromides R²R³CHBr (R² = ethoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, Ph, etc.; R³ = H, Et, Pr, Bu, phenyl) for the synthesis of valuable 3-substituted-4-oxo-2-quinazolinonyl sulfides I (R⁴ = H, 6-Me, 7-Cl, 8-Br, etc.) is reported. The reaction proceeds in the absence of any external catalysts and additives. The facile process has the advantages of broad substrate scopes, mild reaction conditions and environmental friendliness, which might provide the synthetic applications for 3-substituted-4-oxo-2-quinazolinonyl sulfides I as potential anti-cancer agents in medicinal chem. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide (cas: 119023-25-5Product Details of 119023-25-5).

2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide (cas: 119023-25-5) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Product Details of 119023-25-5

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An integrated framework for designing formulated products was written by Zhang, Lei;Fung, Ka Yip;Zhang, Xiang;Fung, Ho Ki;Ng, Ka Ming. And the article was included in Computers & Chemical Engineering in 2017.Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4 This article mentions the following:

Formulated products are created by mixing various ingredients together. They are com. produced for drugs, cosmetics, cleaning agents, lubricants and many others. The design of formulated products is diverse and multidisciplinary in nature; physico-chem. properties, product microstructure, product quality, and all other related areas have to be considered integratively. Various types of data, methods and tools are needed to tackle formulated product design problems to achieve an optimal design. In this study, an integrated framework as well as the design steps are proposed for the design of all kinds of formulated products including liquids, solids, emulsions, etc. Strategies for the selection of different modeling methods such as rule-based methods, model-based methods, experiments and databases are also presented. A multi-layer knowledge library is proposed to store all the information needed in the design of formulated products. Case studies of battery electrolyte and laundry detergent are given to illustrate the design framework. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of C3-Arylated Benzofurans from Benzothiophenes and Phenols was written by Yang, Kevin;Pulis, Alexander P.;Perry, Gregory J. P.;Procter, David J.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2018.Application In Synthesis of N,N-Diethylsalicylamide This article mentions the following:

A transition-metal-free synthesis of benzofurans from benzothiophenes and phenols that exploits the unique reactivity of sulfoxides, is reported. Through a sequence involving an interrupted Pummerer reaction and [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement, phenols can be combined with readily accessible yet synthetically unexplored benzothiophene S-oxides to provide C3-arylated benzofuran products. The products from this approach can undergo subsequent functionalization to gain access to a range of important benzofuran derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2Application In Synthesis of N,N-Diethylsalicylamide).

N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Application In Synthesis of N,N-Diethylsalicylamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Brain Targeting, Antioxidant Polymeric Nanoparticles for Stroke Drug Delivery and Therapy was written by Wu, Haoan;Peng, Bin;Mohammed, Farrah S.;Gao, Xingchun;Qin, Zhenpeng;Sheth, Kevin N.;Zhou, Jiangbing;Jiang, Zhaozhong. And the article was included in Small in 2022.Name: 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide This article mentions the following:

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability and remains without effective treatment options. Improved treatment of stroke requires efficient delivery of multimodal therapy to ischemic brain tissue with high specificity. Here, this article reports the development of multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for both stroke treatment and drug delivery. The NPs are synthesized using an reactive oxygen species (ROS)-reactive poly (2,2′-thiodiethylene 3,3′-thiodipropionate) (PTT) polymer and engineered for brain penetration through both thrombin-triggered shrinkability and AMD3100-mediated targeted delivery. It is found that the resulting AMD3100-conjugated, shrinkable PTT NPs, or ASPTT NPs, efficiently accumulate in the ischemic brain tissue after i.v. administration and function as antioxidant agents for effective stroke treatment. This work shows ASPTT NPs are capable of efficient encapsulation and delivery of glyburide to achieve anti-edema and antioxidant combination therapy, resulting in therapeutic benefits significantly greater than those by either the NPs or glyburide alone. Due to their high efficiency in brain penetration and excellent antioxidant bioactivity, ASPTT NPs have the potential to be utilized to deliver various therapeutic agents to the brain for effective stroke treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Name: 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Name: 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A chiroptical nanoprobe for highly selective recognition of histidine enantiomers in aqueous media was written by Liu, Keyuan;Du, Ganhong;Ye, Long;Jiang, Liming. And the article was included in Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical in 2019.COA of Formula: C11H15NO2 This article mentions the following:

Histidine is one of the essential amino acids in the human body, and the variation of its concentration in vivo has shown it to align with some liver and kidney diseases. In this work, a series of novel poly(2-oxazoline) derivatives bearing chiral pyrrolidine-triazole moieties in the side chain were designed and synthesized to serve as chem. sensors for histidine. The results demonstrated that the homopolymer HPOx2 is capable of selectively binding optically active histidine through nitrogen/Cu²⁺ coordination to form complexes exhibiting induced CD (ICD) signals with signs related to the absolute configuration of the guest compound Interestingly, the micelle-type nanoparticles assembled from the corresponding amphiphilic copolymer (CPOx2) gave a much stronger CD response, with an intensity five times that of its small mol.- or homopolymer counterparts. The proposed method, based on the chiroptical probe, allows for enantioselective detection of histidine in aqueous media, showing potential application in the field of biomedical assay and chiral drug synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2COA of Formula: C11H15NO2).

N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.COA of Formula: C11H15NO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics