Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Kawabata evaluation of PLA-knitted fabric washed with various laundering formulations was written by Baig, Gulzar A.;Carr, Chris M.. And the article was included in Journal of the Textile Institute in 2015.Product Details of 10543-57-4 This article mentions the following:

PLA-knitted fabric was scoured in the presence of sodium carbonate and a non-ionic detergent through an exhaust technique. The scoured fabric was washed in the presence of three tailor-made formulations. Formulation I comprised of non-ionic detergent, formulation II comprised of detergent, sodium perborate and tetra-acetyl ethylene diamine (TAED) while formulation III consisted of detergent, sodium perborate, TAED and four enzymes in various proportions. The enzymes were amylases, proteases, lipases and cellulases. PLA fabric was laundered up to 50 cycles and then evaluated in terms of mech. properties and surface morphol. The mech. testing of fabric at low stresses was carried out on Kawabata evaluation system for Fabrics (KES-F) while the yarns were tested on an Instron testing machine. SEM (SEM) was employed to investigate the surface morphol. of PLA fibers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Product Details of 10543-57-4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Product Details of 10543-57-4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Metabolic activation of procarbazine was written by Weinkam, R. J.;Shiba, D. A.. And the article was included in Life Sciences in 1978.COA of Formula: C11H13NO2 This article mentions the following:

NSC-77213 (procarbazine-HCl)(I) [366-70-1] chem. degradation and rat in vitro and in vivo, metabolism were investigated. I was rapidly oxidized to the azo derivative in aqueous solution in the presence of O. In vitro rat liver supernatant and microsomal preparations oxidized the azo function to azoxy isomers and further hydroxylated these metabolites in a manner that may be analogous to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine metabolism The hydroxylated metabolites are activated species that chem. react to give methylating and alkylating agents. An addnl. metabolic pathway was observed in vivo. Thus, I may be converted to free radical intermediates that decompose to give methane [74-82-8] and N-isopropyl-p-toluamide [2144-17-4]. I metabolites were separated and identified using high-performance liquid chromatog. and direct probe chem. ionization mass spectrometry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0COA of Formula: C11H13NO2).

4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.COA of Formula: C11H13NO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The Molded Tablet, a disintegrant-free orally disintegrating tablet, resists thickening solution-reduced drug dissolution was written by Onuki, Yoshinori;Sugiura, Daisuke;Kumada, Shungo;Kobayashi, Ryosuke;Nakamura, Taichi;Kogawa, Toru;Sakai, Hideki;Okada, Kotaro. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology in 2022.COA of Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S This article mentions the following:

In clin. practice, a thickening solution is frequently coadministered with medicinal tablets to facilitate swallowing by older patients. This study investigated the effect of thickening solutions on the reduction in drug dissolution from orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) by testing a disintegrant-free ODT, the Molded Tablet (MT), and various disintegrant-containing ODTs. After measurement of the tensile strength of the test ODTs, a drug dissolution test was performed on ODTs treated with or without thickening solutions Drug dissolution from the common disintegrant-containing ODTs was reduced significantly by treatment with thickening solutions, but the reduction was more moderate for the test MT. The present study also measured the swelling behavior and mech. strength of the test ODTs after treatment with thickening solution We observed that the MTs displayed less swelling in the thickening solution and that the swollen tablets had lower mech. strength than the disintegrant-containing ODTs. This study suggests that the disintegrants contained in ODTs play a key role in reducing drug dissolution accompanied by treatment with a thickening solution, i.e., the disintegrants allow the ODT to interact closely with the thickening solution and this interaction has a substantial impact on the drug dissolution from ODTs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8COA of Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.COA of Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Salt induced micellar growth in aqueous solutions of a star block copolymer Tetronic 1304: Investigating the role in solubilizing, release and cytotoxicity of model drugs was written by Pillai, Sadafara A.;Sheth, Urjita;Bahadur, Anita;Aswal, Vinod K.;Bahadur, Pratap. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2016.Quality Control of N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) This article mentions the following:

Self-assembly of a com. available ethylene oxide-propylene oxide (EO-PO) star block copolymer, Tetronic1304 (T1304), in water and aqueous salt solutions was scrutinized using ¹H NMR, viscosity, cloud point (CP), small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Solubilization of a hydrophobic oil dye (Orange-OT) and two poorly water soluble anticancer drugs quercetin (QN) and curcumin (CN) was examined The invitro drug release and cell viability of drugs were also assessed. T1304 being highly surface active, forms micelles (D_h = 12.3 nm and N_agg = 33) at low concentration and at ambient temperature Micellar growth and enhanced solubilization was observed in the presence of salt. The invitro release profiles of drugs from T1304 micelles evaluated from different kinetic models suggest controlled release of the drugs. The salt modulated core-shell micelles significantly enhance drug solubilization and cytotoxicity and thus improvise their usefulness for drug delivery systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Quality Control of N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Quality Control of N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Increased circulating butyrate and ursodeoxycholate during probiotic intervention in humans with type 2 diabetes was written by McMurdie, Paul J.;Stoeva, Magdalena K.;Justice, Nicholas;Nemchek, Madeleine;Sieber, Christian M. K.;Tyagi, Surabhi;Gines, Jessica;Skennerton, Connor T.;Souza, Michael;Kolterman, Orville;Eid, John. And the article was included in BMC Microbiology in 2022.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

An increasing body of evidence implicates the resident gut microbiota as playing a critical role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis. We previously reported significant improvement in postprandial glucose control in human participants with T2D following 12-wk administration of a 5-strain novel probiotic formulation (′WBF-011′) in a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled setting (NCT03893422). While the clin. endpoints were encouraging, addnl. exploratory measurements were needed in order to link the motivating mechanistic hypothesis – increased short-chain fatty acids – with markers of disease. Here we report targeted and untargeted metabolomic measurements on fasting plasma (n = 104) collected at baseline and end of intervention. Butyrate and ursodeoxycholate increased among participants randomized to WBF-011, along with compelling trends between butyrate and glycated Hb (HbA1c). In vitro monoculture experiments demonstrated that the formulation′s C. butyricum strain efficiently synthesizes ursodeoxycholate from the primary bile acid chenodeoxycholate during butyrogenic growth. Untargeted metabolomics also revealed coordinated decreases in intermediates of fatty acid oxidation and bilirubin, potential secondary signatures for metabolic improvement. Finally, improvement in HbA1c was limited almost entirely to participants not using sulfonylurea drugs. We show that these drugs can inhibit growth of formulation strains in vitro. To our knowledge, this is the first description of an increase in circulating butyrate or ursodeoxycholate following a probiotic intervention in humans with T2D, adding support for the possibility of a targeted microbiome-based approach to assist in the management of T2D. The efficient synthesis of UDCA by C. butyricum is also likely of interest to investigators of its use as a probiotic in other disease settings. The potential for inhibitory interaction between sulfonylurea drugs and gut microbiota should be considered carefully in the design of future studies. The complete genome sequences of each of the five study probiotic strains were deposited with NCBI under BioProject PRJNA722306 and GenBank accession numbers CP073277-CP073284. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Amelioration of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment by Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channel inhibitor: Behavioral and mechanistic study was written by Thapak, P.;Bishnoi, M.;Sharma, S. S.. And the article was included in Neurochemistry International in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 53902-12-8 This article mentions the following:

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are Ca²⁺ permeable non-selective cation channels which play a pivotal role in diabetes and diabetic complications. Among diabetic complications, diabetes-induced cognitive impairment is a major CNS complication. The role of several TRP channels has been investigated extensively for their diverse Ca²⁺ regulating mechanism, and recently their role has been postulated in the progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, in the present study, the involvement of TRPV2 channels was investigated in diabetes-induced cognitive impairment using TRPV2 inhibitor, tranilast. High glucose exposure in rat C6 glial cells enhances the Ca²⁺-entry through TRPV2 channels. In our in-vivo study, diabetic rats showed increased gene and protein expression of TRPV2 in the hippocampus. Subsequent increase in the acetylcholinesterase activity in the cortex, as well as decrease in the phosphorylation of Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (p-CaMKII-Thr-286), p-GSK-3b (Ser-9), p-CREB (Ser-133) and postsynaptic d. protein 95 (PSD-95) in the hippocampus were also observed this led to the impairment in the learning and memory as evident from behavioral parameters such as Morris water maze test, passive avoidance and Y-maze test paradigm. These findings depicted that TRPV2 inhibition may be an effective treatment strategy in diabetes-induced cognitive deficits. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8HPLC of Formula: 53902-12-8).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.HPLC of Formula: 53902-12-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nonspecific esterases in normal and neoplastic tissues of the Syrian hamster: a zymogram study was written by Kreusser, Edward H.. And the article was included in Cancer Research in 1966.Name: Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate This article mentions the following:

Normal tissues and 18 tumor types of the Syrian hamster were studied electrophoretically and stained selectively for esterases, and the 2 groups were compared. Esterase-banding patterns of normal tissue appeared to be distinct from one another to a degree which roughly paralleled structural and functional differences. With few exceptions, tumor patterns did not resemble those of parent tissues but did exhibit a marked tendency to assume a common pattern. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate (cas: 7413-34-5Name: Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate).

Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate (cas: 7413-34-5) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Name: Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ethyl acetate fraction of Fagara zanthoxyloides root-bark possess antidiabetic property against alloxan-induced diabetes and its complications in Wistar rat model was written by Amah, Christian Chijioke;Joshua, Parker Elijah;Ekpo, Daniel Emmanuel;Okoro, Jacob Ikechukwu;Asomadu, Rita Onyekachukwu;Obelenwa, Ursula Chidimma;Odiba, Arome Solomon. And the article was included in Journal of Ethnopharmacology in 2022.Reference of 10238-21-8 This article mentions the following:

Fagara zanthoxyloides Lam., an African traditional medicinal plant, is used for treatment of malaria and diabetes. To investigate the antidiabetic property of Et acetate fraction of F. zanthoxyloides root-bark (EAFFZRB) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Extraction, isolation, preliminary phytochem. anal., and acute toxicity study of ethanol extract and fractions of F. zanthoxyloides root-bark were achieved using stdandard methods. Phyto-constituents in EAFFZRB were identified using HPLC technique. Forty-eight male Wistar rats (140-185 g) were randomized into 6 groups (n = 8). Groups 1 and 2 served as normal and neg. controls, resp. Diabetes was induced in test groups (2-6) using 150 mg/kg body weight (b.w) Alloxan monohydrate. Rats in groups 4-6 received of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg b.w. EAFFZRB orally, resp., for 21 days. Group 3 rats received 5 mg/kg b.w Glibenclamide. The effect of EAFFZRB on alterations in hematol., biochem., and histol. indexes of study rats were assessed. Extraction of 3500 g ethanol extract yielded 15.71 g EAFFZRB. HPLC fingerprint of EAFFZRB indicated presence of luteolin, rutin, quercetin, apigenin, cinnamic acid and catechin. Diabetes triggered significant (p < 0.05) alterations in b.w., hematol., biochem. and histol. indexes of test rats relative to normal control. Treatment with EAFFZRB (LD50 = 3807.9 mg/kg b.w.) resulted in remarkable improvements in altered b.w. changes, hematol., biochem. and histolol. parameters of diabetic rats. The study demonstrated the antidiabetic potential of EAFFZRB, providing scientific basis for traditional use of the plant in treatment of diabetes and its complications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Reference of 10238-21-8).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Reference of 10238-21-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Extracts of Ginkgo flavonoids and ginkgolides improve cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signalling pathway and multicomponent in vivo processes was written by Guo, Ying;Mao, Mingjiang;Li, Qiuying;Yu, Xiahui;Zhou, Liping. And the article was included in Phytomedicine in 2022.Electric Literature of C23H28ClN3O5S This article mentions the following:

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a common disease characterized by severe attacks and a high disabling rate worldwide. Oxidative stress injury has been proposed as a major risk factor for CIRI. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has been shown to elicit vascular protective effects, the main components of which are Ginkgo flavonoids (GF) and ginkgolides (GL). Our previous study showed that GF and GL played a central role in protecting CIRI, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to further reveal the protective effect mechanism of GF and GL in rats with CIRI. The antioxidant activity in vitro was assessed by the DPPH method. The model used in this study was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion; the level of CIRI was assessed by nerve function score and TTC staining; we measured the oxidative stress indexes in the brain cortex, including LDH, GSH-Px, and the protein contents of Akt, p-Akt, Nrf2, and HO-1; HPLC-MS was used to detect drug concentrations in rat plasma at different times after administration of GF and GL; and the pharmacokinetic parameters of each component were calculated by Drug and Statistic Version 3.2.6 (DAS 3.2.6) software and SPSS 17.0. Regarding the DPPH free radical scavenging ability, GF performed better free radical scavenging ability than GL. In terms of the nerve function score and TTC staining, there were no statistically significant differences among the GF, GL and combined groups; however, there were significant differences in reducing the activity of LDH and increasing the activity of GSH-Px in the three administration groups. For the expression of Akt, p-Akt, Nrf2, and HO-1, the combined group had a significant effect compared with that in the GF or GL group. In addition, there was a significant multicomponent interaction in vivo in the combined group compared with the GF or GL group. After GF and GL were used in combination, the effect of anti-CIRI was more pronounced. This result indicated that GF and GL might improve CIRI by activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signalling pathway and promoting multicomponent interactions in vivo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Electric Literature of C23H28ClN3O5S).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Electric Literature of C23H28ClN3O5S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and nematicidal evaluation of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one derivatives containing piperazine as linker against Meloidogyne incognita was written by Chen, Xiulei;Jia, Haowu;Li, Zhong;Xu, Xiaoyong. And the article was included in Chinese Chemical Letters in 2019.Related Products of 54166-95-9 This article mentions the following:

To explore new skeleton with nematicidal activity, a series of novel 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one derivatives containing piperazine as linker were synthesized and varied fragments were also introduced to increase structure diversity of the new skeleton. Their inhibitory activities in vivo were evaluated against Meloidogyne incognita. The newly prepared compounds A6, A8, A21, A28 and A38 (I – V, resp.) exhibited more than 50% inhibition at the concentration of 20 mg/L. Especially compound A6 (I) displayed 71.4% inhibition against Meloidogyne incognita at the concentration of 20 mg/L. The nematicidal activities varied significantly depending on the types and positions of the substituents, which provided guidance for further structure modification. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide (cas: 54166-95-9Related Products of 54166-95-9).

6-Chloro-2-aminobenzamide (cas: 54166-95-9) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Related Products of 54166-95-9

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics