Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Indirect reduction of CO₂ and recycling of polymers by manganese-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of amides, carbamates, urea derivatives and polyurethanes was written by Liu, Xin;Werner, Thomas. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2021.COA of Formula: C13H24N2O This article mentions the following:

A manganese pincer complex as a versatile catalyst for the transfer hydrogenation of amides, carbamates, urea derivatives and even polyurethanes leading to the corresponding alcs., amines and methanol as products were reported. Since these compound classes can be prepared using CO₂ as a C1 building block the reported reaction represents an approach to the indirect reduction of CO₂. Notably, these are the first examples on the reduction of carbamates and urea derivatives as well as on the C-N bond cleavage in amides by transfer hydrogenation. The general applicability of this methodol. is highlighted by the successful reduction of 12 urea derivatives, 26 carbamates and 11 amides. The corresponding amines, alcs. and methanol were obtained in good to excellent yields up to 97%. Furthermore, polyurethanes were successfully converted which represents a viable strategy towards a circular economy. Based on control experiments and the observed intermediates a feasible mechanism was proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7COA of Formula: C13H24N2O).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.COA of Formula: C13H24N2O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Low temperature bleaching of double protein fiber with hydrogen peroxide/tetraacetylethylenediamine was written by Cao, Ji-liang;Wang, Hong;Bian, Ya-min;Guo, Xue-jian. And the article was included in Yinran Zhuji in 2014.Related Products of 10543-57-4 This article mentions the following:

Tetraacetylethylenedianime (TAED) was used as an activator for the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) bleaching of soybean protein/casein/polyvinyl alc. blend fibers (double protein fibers). The influences of dosage of H₂O₂, sodium silicate and sodium carbonate, temperature and time on the whiteness and yellowness of bleached fibers were investigated under the condition of n(H₂O₂):n(TAED) = 2:1. The dye uptake of Acid Blue 5R on bleached fibers was also measured through dyeing experiment It was found that the conventional hydrogen peroxide bleaching method was not fit for bleaching of double protein fibers. The hydrogen peroxide/TAED bleaching with 12 g/L of 30% H₂O₂, 5 g/L of sodium silicate, under 70°C for 60 min was fit for bleaching of double protein fibers, and the whiteness of bleached fibers was high and the dye uptake of bleached fibers was good. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Related Products of 10543-57-4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Related Products of 10543-57-4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Organophotocatalytic selective deuterodehalogenation of aryl or alkyl chlorides was written by Li, Yanjun;Ye, Ziqi;Lin, Yu-Mei;Liu, Yan;Zhang, Yumeng;Gong, Lei. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2021.Quality Control of 6-Chloro-N,N-dimethylnicotinamide This article mentions the following:

A photocatalytic system consisting of an aryl-amine photocatalyst and a disulfide co-catalyst in the presence of sodium formate as an electron and hydrogen donor was developed. Accordingly, many aryl chlorides, alkyl chlorides, and other halides were converted to deuterated products at room temperature in air (>90 examples, up to 99% D-incorporation). The mechanistic studies revealed that the aryl amine served as reducing photoredox catalyst to initiate cleavage of the C-Cl bond, at the same time as energy transfer catalyst to induce homolysis of the disulfide for consequent deuterium transfer process. This economic and environmentally-friendly method could be used for site-selective D-labeling of a number of bioactive mols. and direct H/D exchange of some drug mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloro-N,N-dimethylnicotinamide (cas: 54864-83-4Quality Control of 6-Chloro-N,N-dimethylnicotinamide).

6-Chloro-N,N-dimethylnicotinamide (cas: 54864-83-4) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Quality Control of 6-Chloro-N,N-dimethylnicotinamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bronsted acid-assisted N-alkylation of sulfonamides using ethers as the alkylation reagents was written by Shi, Wei;Bai, Chun-Mei;Zhu, Kai;Cui, Dong-Mei;Zhang, Chen. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2014.Application of 5339-69-5 This article mentions the following:

N-Alkylation of sulfonamides using cyclic ethers as alkylation reagents and Bronsted acid as a catalyst produced pyrrolidine and piperidine derivatives in good yields. When using sym. and unsym. ethers as alkylation reagents, mono-N-alkylation of sulfonamides took place to afford the corresponding products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Isopropylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 5339-69-5Application of 5339-69-5).

N-Isopropylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 5339-69-5) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Application of 5339-69-5

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reaction of hydrogen bromide with N-p-tolyl- and N-p-tosyl-1,4-benzoquinone monoimines was written by Toropin, N. V.;Burmistrov, K. S.;Burmistrov, S. I.;Zaichenko, N. L.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii in 1986.Computed Properties of C13H13NO3S This article mentions the following:

Oxybromination of 6 benzoquinone imines I (R = 4-tolyl, 2,4-BrMeC₆H₃, 4-tosyl; R¹-R³ = H, Br; R⁴ = H) gave 7-80% I (same R; R¹-R⁴ = H, Br). Brominating 4-RNHC₆H₄OH (R = 4-tolyl, 4-tosyl) followed by oxidation gave I (same R; R¹-R³ = H, Br; R⁴ = H). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6Computed Properties of C13H13NO3S).

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Computed Properties of C13H13NO3S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and histamine H₂-antagonist activity of 4-quinazolinone derivatives was written by Ogawa, Nobuo;Yoshida, Toshihiko;Aratani, Takayuki;Koshinaka, Eiichi;Kato, Hideo;Ito, Yasuo. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1988.Safety of 2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide This article mentions the following:

With the aim of developing new antiulcer agents, a series of 4-quinazolinone derivatives e.g., I (R = piperidino, pyrrolidino, morpholino, R¹ = H, OMe, R² = H, Me; n = 2, 3, 4) was synthesized and tested for histamine H₂-antagonist activity and gastric antisecretory activity. Thus, 2-alkylamino-, 2-alkylthio-, and 2-alkyl-4-quinazolinones were prepared by the condensation of alkylamines with 2-chloro- or 2-methylthio-4-quinazolinones, the condensation of alkyl bromides with 2-mercapto-4-quinazolinones, and the condensation of alkylcarboxylic acids with anthranilamides, resp. Several of the 4-quinazolinone derivatives showed potent H₂-antagonist activity, and one of them, I (R = piperidino, R¹ = R² = H, n = 3), showed the most potent antisecretory activity. The structure-activity relationships are discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide (cas: 119023-25-5Safety of 2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide).

2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide (cas: 119023-25-5) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Safety of 2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A high-precision sampling scheme to assess persistence and transport characteristics of micropollutants in rivers was written by Schwientek, Marc;Guillet, Gaelle;Ruegner, Hermann;Kuch, Bertram;Grathwohl, Peter. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2016.Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) This article mentions the following:

Increasing numbers of organic micropollutants are emitted into rivers via municipal wastewaters. Due to their persistence many pollutants pass wastewater treatment plants without substantial removal. Transport and fate of pollutants in receiving waters and export to downstream ecosystems is not well understood. In particular, a better knowledge of processes governing their environmental behavior is needed. Although a lot of data are available concerning the ubiquitous presence of micropollutants in rivers, accurate data on transport and removal rates are lacking. Here, a mass balance approach is presented, which is based on the Lagrangian sampling scheme, but extended to account for precise transport velocities and mixing along river stretches. The calculated mass balances allow accurate quantification of pollutants’ reactivity along river segments. This is demonstrated for representative members of important groups of micropollutants, e.g., pharmaceuticals, musk fragrances, flame retardants, and pesticides. A model-aided anal. of the measured data series gives insight into the temporal dynamics of removal processes. The occurrence of different removal mechanisms such as photooxidation, microbial degradation, and volatilization is discussed. The results demonstrate, that removal processes are highly variable in time and space and this has to be considered for future studies. The high precision sampling scheme presented could be a powerful tool for quantifying removal processes under different boundary conditions and in river segments with contrasting properties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Studies on the metabolism of procarbazine by mass spectrometry was written by Kuttab, Simon H.;Tanglertpaibul, S.;Vouros, Paul. And the article was included in Biomedical Mass Spectrometry in 1982.Safety of 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide This article mentions the following:

The mass spectrometric properties of procarbazine (I, R = NHNHMe) [671-16-9] and some of its breakdown products were determined by isotopic labeling and high resolution mass spectrometry, and used for the identification of in vivo metabolites in plasma from rats given the drug (23.2 mg, i.p.). N-isopropyl-α–(2-methylazo)-p-toluamide (I, R = N=NMe) [2235-59-8] was the principal circulating metabolite. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0Safety of 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide).

4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Safety of 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structure characterization of low-temperature peroxide activator TAED and its application was written by Li, Qing;Tang, Ren-cheng;Shen, Zi-xiang. And the article was included in Yinran in 2010.Name: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) This article mentions the following:

Structures of several com. low-temperature peroxide bleaching activators TAED (tetraacetylethylenediamine) were characterized by WAXD, FT-IR and UV spectra, and the solubility of a high purity TAED powder was determined Peroxide bleaching was carried out on different textiles with TAED activation system. Results showed that there were strong absorption bands at 1,706 cm^-1 and 1,680 cm^-1 attributed to stretch vibration of amide I C=O and strong absorption bands at 1,270 cm^-1 and 1,193 cm^-1 attributed to stretch vibration of amide III C-N in FT-IR spectra of high purity TAED. There was strong absorption band at 215 nm in all UV spectra of tested TAED solutions, so the good correlation between the absorbance intensity and concentration could be used to determine the concentration of TAED solution The solubility of high purity TAED powder was 17 g/L at 70°C. Different textiles bleached with hydrogen peroxide/TAED activation system could gain satisfactory bleaching effects with good whiteness, high efficiency and energy saving, and the TAED formulation had no influence on bleaching effects. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Name: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Name: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sulfonate Versus Sulfonate: Nickel and Palladium Multimetallic Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Aryl Triflates with Aryl Tosylates was written by Kang, Kai;Huang, Liangbin;Weix, Daniel J.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020.Application In Synthesis of N,N-Diethylsalicylamide This article mentions the following:

While phenols are frequent and convenient aryl sources in cross-coupling, typically as sulfonate esters, the direct cross-Ullmann coupling of two different sulfonate esters is unknown. We report here a general solution to this challenge catalyzed by a combination of Ni and Pd with Zn reductant and LiBr as an additive [e.g., 4-methoxyphenyl triflate + Ph tosylate → 4-methoxybiphenyl (76%)]. The reaction has broad scope, as demonstrated in 33 examples (65% ± 11% average yield). Mechanistic studies show that Pd strongly prefers the aryl triflate, the Ni catalyst has a small preference for the aryl tosylate, aryl transfer between catalysts is mediated by Zn, and Pd improves yields by consuming arylzinc intermediates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2Application In Synthesis of N,N-Diethylsalicylamide).

N,N-Diethylsalicylamide (cas: 19311-91-2) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Application In Synthesis of N,N-Diethylsalicylamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics