Tag: 100-200

《Controlling disinfection byproducts from treated wastewater using adsorption with granular activated carbon: Impact of pre-ozonation and pre-chlorination》 was published in Water Research: X in 2020. These research results belong to Verdugo, Edgard M.; Gifford, Mac; Glover, Caitlin; Cuthbertson, Amy A.; Trenholm, Rebecca A.; Kimura, Susana Y.; Liberatore, Hannah K.; Richardson, Susan D.; Stanford, Benjamin D.; Summers, R. Scott; Dickenson, Eric R. V.. Recommanded Product: 2-Bromoacetamide The article mentions the following:

This study measured chlorine- and chloramine-reactive precursors using formation potential (FP) tests of nine U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulated and 57 unregulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in tertiary-filtered wastewater before and after pilot-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. Using breakthrough of precursor concentration and of concentration associated calculated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity (by correlating known lethal concentrations reported elsewhere), the performance of three parallel GAC treatment trains were compared against tertiary-filtered wastewater: ozone/GAC, chlorine/GAC, and GAC alone. Results show GAC alone was the primary process, vs. ozone or chlorine alone, to remove the largest fraction of total chlorine- and chloramine-reactive DBP precursors and calculated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity potencies. GAC with pre-ozonation removed the most chlorine- and chloramine-reactive DBP precursors followed by GAC with pre-chlorination and lastly GAC without pre-treatment. GAC with pre-ozonation produced an effluent with cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of DBPs from FP that generally matched that of GAC without pre-oxidation; meanwhile removal of toxicity was greater by GAC with pre-chlorination. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of DBPs from FP tests did not scale with DBP concentration; for example, more than 90% of the calculated cytotoxicity resulted from 20% of the DBPs, principally from haloacetaldehydes, haloacetamides, and haloacetonitriles. The calculated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity from DBPs associated with FP-chloramination were at times higher than with FP-chlorination though the concentration of DBPs was five times higher with FP-chlorination. The removal of DBP precursors using GAC based treatment was at least as effective as removal of DOC (except for halonitromethanes for GAC without pre-oxidation and with pre-chlorination), indicating DOC can be used as an indicator for DBP precursor adsorption efficacy. However, the DOC was not a good surrogate for total cytotoxicity and genotoxicity breakthrough behavior, therefore, unregulated DBPs could have neg. health implications that are disconnected from general water quality parameters, such as DOC, and regulated classes of DBPs. Instead, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity correlate with the concentration of specific classes of unregulated DBPs. In the experiment, the researchers used 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Recommanded Product: 2-Bromoacetamide)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Recommanded Product: 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2016,Heteroatom Chemistry included an article by Chiang, Kun-Heng; Lu, Shi-Han; Yen, Wan-Ping; Uramaru, Naoto; Tseng, Wei-Siou; Chang, Te-Wei; Wong, Fung Fuh. Synthetic Route of C8H9NO2. The article was titled 《Effective Synthesis of N-Arylformamide from α-Halo-N-arylacetamides》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A convenient synthetic method for N-arylformamide derivatives was successfully developed by reacting α-iodo-N-arylacetamides with formamide [e.g., α-iodo-N-phenylacetamide + HCONH2 → N-phenylformamide (94%)]. This method was applicable to α-iodo-N-arylacetamide substrates bearing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups, N-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2-iodoacetamide, 2-iodo-N-(pyridin-2-yl)acetamide, and 2-iodo-N-(naphthalen-4-yl)acetamide to give the corresponding N-arylformamides in moderate to excellent yields (65-94%). A plausible mechanism was proposed to account for the new transformation. In addition to this study using 2-Hydroxy-N-phenylacetamide, there are many other studies that have used 2-Hydroxy-N-phenylacetamide(cas: 4746-61-6Synthetic Route of C8H9NO2) was used in this study.

2-Hydroxy-N-phenylacetamide(cas: 4746-61-6) belongs to amides.Synthetic Route of C8H9NO2Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ghosh, Sushobhan; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi published an article in Dalton Transactions. The title of the article was 《Self-assembly of metal-organic hybrid nanoscopic rectangles》.Product Details of 64479-78-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The combination of an amide containing a linear ligand N-(4-pyridyl)-4-pyridinecarboxamide (L1) and an organometallic mol. clip, [{Pt(PEt3)2(NO3)}2(μ-anthracene-1,8-diyl)] (clip-1), leads to the self-assembly of a Pt4 nanoscopic framework representing the first example of a Pt-based mol. rectangle [{Pt(PEt3)2}4(μ-L1)2(μ-anthracene-1,8-diyl)2] incorporating amide functionality. The crystal structure for this platinum rectangle complex was determined A complementary approach was also followed to prepare a Pd(II)-based mol. rectangle, [{Pd(PEt3)2}2(clip-2)2], by reaction of a donor organic rigid clip, 1,8-bis[(4-pyridyl)ethynyl]anthracene (clip-2), and trans-(PEt3)2Pd(OTf)2 as the linear metal acceptor (L2). The Pd(II)-rectangle was characterized by multinuclear NMR and ESI-mass spectroscopy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Product Details of 64479-78-3)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.Product Details of 64479-78-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Switching a Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor to a Dual-Target Antagonist of P2Y1 and P2Y12 as an Oral Antiplatelet Agent with a Wider Therapeutic Window in Rats than Ticagrelor》 was written by Lei, Yu; Zhang, Bing; Liu, Dan; Zhao, Jian; Dai, Xiwen; Gao, Jun; Mao, Qing; Feng, Yao; Zhao, Jiaxing; Lin, Fengwei; Duan, Yulin; Zhang, Yan; Bao, Ziyang; Yang, Yuwei; Mou, Yanhua; Wang, Shaojie. Computed Properties of C2H4BrNOThis research focused onWSJ557 phenylimidazole synthesis antiplatelet SAR metabolism xanthine oxidase purinoceptor. The article conveys some information:

ADP-mediated platelet aggregation is signaled through G protein-coupled receptors P2Y1 and P2Y12 on the platelet. The clin. effectiveness of inhibiting P2Y12 has been well established, and preclin. studies indicated that the inhibition of P2Y1 could provide equivalent antithrombotic efficacy as P2Y12 antagonists and reduce bleeding risks. On the basis of the 2-phenyl-1H-imidazole scaffold of our previously reported xanthine oxidase inhibitor WSJ-557, we first achieved the transition from the xanthine oxidase inhibitors to dual-target antagonists against P2Y1 and P2Y12. We described the structure-activity relationships of the 2-phenyl-1H-imidazole compounds, which led to the identification of the most potent antiplatelet agents, 24w (I) and 25w (II), both showing a rapid onset of action in pharmacokinetic study. Furthermore, the rat model suggested that 24w (I) demonstrated a wider therapeutic window than ticagrelor, displaying equivalent and dose-dependent antithrombotic efficacy with lower blood loss compared to ticagrelor at same oral dose. These results supported that 24w and 25w (II) could be promising drug candidates. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Computed Properties of C2H4BrNO)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Computed Properties of C2H4BrNO

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Screening Hofmann Compounds as CO2 Sorbents: Nontraditional Synthetic Route to Over 40 Different Pore-Functionalized and Flexible Pillared Cyanonickelates》 was written by Culp, Jeffrey T.; Madden, Catherine; Kauffman, Kristi; Shi, Fan; Matranga, Christopher. Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry on April 15 ,2013. The article conveys some information:

A simple reaction scheme based on the heterogeneous intercalation of pillaring ligands (HIPLs) provides a convenient method for systematically tuning pore size, pore functionality, and network flexibility in an extended series of pillared cyanonickelates (PICNICs), commonly named Hofmann compounds The versatility of the approach is demonstrated through the preparation of over 40 different PICNICs containing pillar ligands ranging from ∼4 to ∼15 Å in length and modified with a wide range of functional groups, including fluoro, aldehyde, alkylamine, alkyl, aryl, trifluoromethyl, ester, nitro, ether, and non-metalated 4,4′-bipyrimidine. The HIPL method involves reaction of a suspension of preformed polymeric sheets of powd. anhydrous Ni cyanide with an appropriate pillar ligand in refluxing organic solvent, converting the planar [Ni2(CN)4]n networks into polycrystalline three-dimensional porous frameworks containing the organic pillar ligand. Preliminary studies indicate that the HIPL reaction is also amenable to forming Co(L)Ni(CN)4, Fe(L)Ni(CN)4, and Fe(L)Pd(CN)4 networks. The materials show variable adsorption behavior for CO2 depending on the pillar length and pillar functionalization. Several compounds show structurally flexible behavior during the adsorption and desorption of CO2. The newly discovered flexible compounds include two flexible Fe(L)Ni(CN)4 derivatives that are structurally related to previously reported porous spin-crossover compounds The preparations of 20 pillar ligands based on ring-functionalized 4,4′-dipyridyls, 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)benzenes, and N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamides are also described.N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide) was used in this study.

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Design, synthesis, and characterizations of a series of Pt4 macrocycles and fluorescent sensing of Fe3+/Cu2+/Ni2+ through metal coordination. [Erratum to document cited in CA150:135671]》 was written by Ghosh, Sushobhan; Chakrabarty, Rajesh; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi. SDS of cas: 64479-78-3 And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry on April 6 ,2009. The article conveys some information:

On page 553, in Scheme 4, structures 2c and 2c’ were switched; the correct version of the scheme is given. This correction does not alter the inferences or conclusions of the paper. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3SDS of cas: 64479-78-3)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.SDS of cas: 64479-78-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2022,Berton, Stefania; Chen, Lu; Liang, Yi Chu; Xu, Zhongliang; Afriyie-Asante, Afrakoma; Rajabalee, Nusrah; Yang, Weibo; Sun, Jim published an article in Cell Chemical Biology. The title of the article was 《A selective PPM1A inhibitor activates autophagy to restrict the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis》.Name: 2-Bromoacetamide The author mentioned the following in the article:

Metal-dependent protein phosphatases (PPMs) have essential roles in a variety of cellular processes, including inflammation, proliferation, differentiation, and stress responses, which are intensively investigated in cancer and metabolic diseases. Targeting PPMs to modulate host immunity in response to pathogens is an ambitious proposition. The feasibility of such a strategy is unproven because development of inhibitors against PPMs is challenging and suffers from poor selectivity. Combining a biomimetic modularization strategy with function-oriented synthesis, we design, synthesize and screen more than 500 pseudo-natural products, resulting in the discovery of a potent, selective, and non-cytotoxic small mol. inhibitor for PPM1A, SMIP-30. Inhibition of PPM1A with SMIP-30 or its genetic ablation (ΔPPM1A) activated autophagy through a mechanism dependent on phosphorylation of p62-SQSTM1, which restricted the intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages and in the lungs of infected mice. SMIP-30 provides proof of concept that PPMs are druggable and promising targets for the development of host-directed therapies against tuberculosis. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Name: 2-Bromoacetamide)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Name: 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Investigation of kinetics and mechanistic studies of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)phthalimide by +1 halogen oxidant in acidic medium》 was written by Latha, Vijaya; Sukhdev, Anu; Manjunath, A. S.; Puttaswamy; Deepthi, P. R.; Kumar, P. Mohan. Recommanded Product: 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide And the article was included in Chemical Data Collections in 2020. The article conveys some information:

The oxidation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)phthalimide (NHEP) by chloramine T (CAT) in perchloric acid medium has been investigated iodometrically at 298 K. The stoichiometry of the reaction was found to be 1:2. The oxidation products were identified by LC-MS anal. Kinetic orders with respect to oxidant, substrate and acid concentrations were determined Enhancement of rate observed with an increase in acid concentration Effect of solvent polarity and ionic strength was studied. Addition of p-toluene sulfonamide (reductant) to the reaction mixture has no significant influence on the rate. The active species of the oxidant in acidic medium was ascertained. Plausible mechanistic scheme explaining all of the observed kinetic results have been proposed. The effect of temperature on the reaction rates has also been studied. Activation parameters and thermodn. quantities were evaluated and discussed. The rate constant of the slow step of the reaction along with the equilibrium constants were also calculated The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3Recommanded Product: 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide)

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3) belongs to anime. Milder oxidation, using reagents such as NaOCl, can remove four hydrogen atoms from primary amines of the type RCH2NH2 to form nitriles (R―C≡N), and oxidation with reagents such as MnO2 can remove two hydrogen atoms from secondary amines (R2CH―NHR′) to form imines (R2C=NR′). Tertiary amines can be oxidized to enamines (R2C=CHNR2) by a variety of reagents.Recommanded Product: 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2019,Russian Chemical Bulletin included an article by Krylov, E. N.; Virzum, L. V.. Quality Control of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide. The article was titled 《Acidity of arylsulfonamides as function of quantum chemical parameters of sulfonamide nitrogen》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The structures of aromatic sulfonamide mols. XPhSO2NH2 (X = H, 4-Me, 4-F, 4-Cl, 4-Br, 4-MeO, 4-OH, 4-NH2, 4-CN, 3-NO2, 4-NO2, 3,5-(NO2)2, 3,4-Cl2, 3-Cl-4-Me, 3,4-Me2, 3-Me-4-F, 2-Me) were calculated at the M06/6-311++G** (SMD) level of theory. The at. electrostatic potentials (AEP) and the Hirshfeld charges of the sulfonamide nitrogen atoms were determined Correlation equations relating the AEP to Bronsted acidities (pKa) of these compounds were obtained using published data and the previously unknown pKa values for a number of arylsulfonamides were calculated These pKa values are consistent with independently determined free energies of acid dissociation of sulfonamides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3Quality Control of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide)

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide(cas: 70-55-3) belongs to anime. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxy acids generally add an oxygen atom to the nitrogen of amines. With primary amines, this step is normally followed by further oxidation, leading to nitroso compounds, RNO, or nitro compounds, RNO2. Secondary amines are converted to hydroxylamines, R2NOH, and tertiary amines to amine oxides, R3NO.Quality Control of 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ross, Tamsyn M.; Neville, Suzanne M.; Innes, David S.; Turner, David R.; Moubaraki, Boujemaa; Murray, Keith S. published an article on January 7 ,2010. The article was titled 《Spin crossover in iron(III) Schiff-base 1-D chain complexes》, and you may find the article in Dalton Transactions.Formula: C11H9N3O The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Iron(III) 1-dimensional polymeric materials, [Fe(III)(Schiff-base)(L)](BPh4).n(CH3OH) (Schiff base = N,N’-ethylenebis(salicylaldimine) (H2salen), N,N’-o-phenylenebis(salicylaldimine) (H2salophen) and N,N’-ethylenebis(acetylacetonimine) (H2acen); L = bridging di-pyridyl or di-imidazole ligand, n = 0-4) and analogs therein, were synthesized and structurally and magnetically characterized. In this series, a range of structural motifs are observed including linear 1-dimensional chains, hydrogen-bonded chains, a ‘hybrid’ 1-dimensional chain-and -dimer compound and a hydrogen-bonded dinuclear material; all exhibit extensive intermol. interactions. The magnetic consequences of varying both the equatorial Schiff-base ligands and axial bridging ligands were studied. Overall, independent of the axial bridging ligand employed, the salen equatorial ligand results in a high spin character and the acen ligand results in spin crossover character, generally with a spin transition of a gradual nature. Variations in magnetic behavior can be rationalized, in part, in terms of the C2N2 backbone conformation of the equatorial Schiff base ligand, which may either inhibit or allow a spin transition. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Formula: C11H9N3O)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.“,” In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Formula: C11H9N3O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics