Tag: 200-300

Green Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Cyclic/Acyclic Ureas from Propylene Carbonate was written by Qaroush, Abdussalam K.;Alsayyed, Ahed W.;Eftaiha, Ala’a F.;Al-Qaisi, Feda’a M.;Salameh, Bader A.. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea This article mentions the following:

Herein, an organocatalyzed synthetic pathway for the preparation of acyclic ureas RHNC(O)NHR (R = Bu, sec-Bu, Ph, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, benzyl)/cyclic ureas I (n = 1, 2) from their parent primary aliphatic or aromatic monoamines NH₂(CH₂)_nCH₂NH₂/diamines RNH₂ with propylene carbonate as a carbonylating agent obtaining reasonable to very good yields with high selectivity has been described. This method is considered green as nine out of twelve green chem. principles (GCPs) are fulfilled. Most importantly, the absence of solvent and, energy-efficient pathway, in addition to the ease of synthesis and separation, under fast reaction times down to a few minutes together with the straightforward workup with min. use of organic solvents are described. This method was successful in preparing 1,3-diphenylurea from aniline giving 8% yield in 10 min, which was not previously reported using aromatic amines with carbonate esters. The method is applicable for primary rather than secondary amines, which implies high chemoselectivity of the former for the synthesis of urea compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Application In Synthesis of 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Application In Synthesis of 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Photochemical properties and degradation by-products of triasulfuron and thifensulfuron-methyl was written by Scrano, Laura;Bufo, Sabino A.;D’Auria, Maurizio;Chovelon, Jean-Marc. And the article was included in International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry in 2006.Recommanded Product: 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

The effect of light on two sulfonylurea herbicides, triasulfuron and thifensulfuron Me, was studied under both UV and solar simulator irradiation (Suntest). Energies of first singlet and triplet state transitions were calculated from fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra. Experiments were performed in the presence of either a singlet or a triplet quencher showing that photodegradation of both herbicides begins from a triplet state, T₁. The photolysis process of both herbicides occurred through first-order kinetics. The investigation stressed the relevance of the light exposition on the degradation rate of both herbicides. Half-lives of photolysis reactions (Suntest) in the organic solvent used in the experiments (22 and 54 h for triasulfuron and thifensulfuron Me, resp.) are comparable with the hydrolysis rate in aqueous environment. With UV irradiation, the degradation time of both herbicides can be greatly reduced to several minutes, thus suggesting that this technique can be adopted as an efficient method of detoxification. The main photoproducts, identified by LC-ESI-MS, were: (4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)urea and 4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine, common to triasulfuron and thifensulfuron-methyl; 2-(2-chloroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide and (2-chloroethoxy)benzene, arising from triasulfuron degradation; 4-sulfamoyl-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid Me ester and thiophene-3-carboxylic acid Me ester, occurring from thifensulfuron-Me transformation. The presence of minor byproducts was also ascertained. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 82097-01-6Recommanded Product: 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide).

2-(2-Chloroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 82097-01-6) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Recommanded Product: 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Modular synthesis of tetra-substituted furans from alkynes, Weinreb amides, and aldehydes was written by Silwal, Sajan;Rahaim, Ronald J.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2015.HPLC of Formula: 116332-61-7 This article mentions the following:

A method for the modular one-pot synthesis of tetra-substituted furans using alkynes, Weinreb amides, and non-enolizable aldehydes was developed. Under this titanium promoted method, furans were prepared in moderate yields with high levels of regioselectivity. The system showed good chemoselectivity tolerating aromatic and aliphatic bromides, chlorides, and fluorides, heteroaromatics, alkenes, and silyl ethers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7HPLC of Formula: 116332-61-7).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.HPLC of Formula: 116332-61-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Non-symmetrical bent-core homologous series bearing 1,2,4-oxadiazole core with a cholesterol terminal arm: Synthesis, characterization and their liquid crystalline properties was written by Ali, Ghassan Q.;Tomi, Ivan Hameed R.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Nonsym. 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives with cholesteryl and alkoxy chain as end moieties exhibiting monotropic liquid crystalline behavior have been reported. The mol. structures have been confirmed by elemental anal. and spectroscopic studies. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies revealed multiple phase transitions and polarized optical microscopy (POM) investigations confirmed smectic A (SmA) and chiral nematic (N*) phases. The importance of alkyl chain length in mesophase formation is discussed. A comparison with other reported mesogenic materials possessing similar mol. structures is also discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Use of β-cyclodextrin-tethered cationic polymer based fluorescence enhancement of pyrene and hybridization chain reaction for the enzyme-free amplified detection of DNA was written by Song, Chunxia;Li, Bingjie;Yang, Xiaohai;Wang, Kemin;Wang, Qing;Liu, Jianbo;Huang, Jin. And the article was included in Analyst (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2017.Reference of 2387-23-7 This article mentions the following:

Herein, we proposed an enzyme-free strategy for the amplified detection of DNA by combining the efficient fluorescence enhancement capability of a β-cyclodextrin-tethered cationic polymer (cationic polyβ-CD) to pyrene with the amplification capability of target DNA triggered hybridization chain reaction (HCR). Cationic polyβ-CD with pos. charge was synthesized. Two hairpin probes, H1 and H2, were employed in the system and the pyrene-labeled H2 was chosen as the signal unit. The pyrene attached on the sticky end of H2 was flexible and there was strong electrostatic interaction between cationic polyβ-CD and neg.-charged H2, so pyrene could easily enter the cavity of CD that is tethered on the cationic polymer, accompanied by significant fluorescence enhancement. Once target DNA was introduced, HCR was triggered to form a rigid long dsDNA polymer with pyrene attached on it. The pyrene was hardly able to enter the cavity of cationic polyβ-CD because of steric hindrance, leading to a weak fluorescent signal. Owing to the efficient pyrene fluorescence enhancement of cationic polyβ-CD and the amplified capability of HCR, an enzyme-free sensitive detection of target DNA was achieved with a detection limit of 0.1 nM and high selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Reference of 2387-23-7).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Reference of 2387-23-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Strategy for Amide to β-Oxo Ester Transformation via N-Alkenoxypyridinium Salts as the Activator and H₂O as the Nucleophile was written by Wu, Nan;Li, Chuang;Mi, Jiajia;Zheng, Yan;Xu, Zhou. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Recommanded Product: N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide This article mentions the following:

N-Alkenoxypyridinium salts were found to be highly active electrophilic reagents that could be used to activate the C-N bond of amides. Both aromatic amides and aliphatic amides could be transformed into the corresponding β-oxo esters with good yields via the combined use of N-alkenoxypyridinium salts and water. The methodol. proceeds under mild reaction conditions and is tolerant of various functional groups in both reaction partners. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7Recommanded Product: N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Recommanded Product: N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Low temperature bleaching of wool tops was written by Hu, Xiao-lin;Ren, Da-yong;Dong, Ling. And the article was included in Yinran in 2014.Formula: C10H16N2O4 This article mentions the following:

The low-temperature active bleaching system of H₂O₂/TAED (tetra acetyl ethylene diamine) is applied to wool tops and its results are compared with those of the traditional bleaching process. The optimum low-temperature bleaching process is H₂O₂/TAED molar ratio 1:0.5, 30% H₂O₂ 8-10 mL/L, bleaching stabilizer 2 g/L, JFC 2 g/L, and liquor ratio 1:100 without adjusting the pH value, bleaching at 50°C for 20-30 min. The better effects of bleaching and dyeing, and less strength loss are obtained. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Formula: C10H16N2O4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Formula: C10H16N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An α-Cyclopropanation of Carbonyl Derivatives by Oxidative Umpolung was written by Bauer, Adriano;Di Mauro, Giovanni;Li, Jing;Maulide, Nuno. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 116332-61-7 This article mentions the following:

The reactivity of iodine(III) reagents towards nucleophiles is often associated with umpolung and cationic mechanisms. Herein, we report a general process converting a range of ketone derivatives into α-cyclopropanated ketones by oxidative umpolung [e.g., I → II (71%, d.r. > 95:5) + III (8%, d.r. > 95:5) in presence of PhIO.MsOH and BF₃.OEt₂]. Mechanistic investigation and careful characterization of side products revealed that the reaction follows an unexpected pathway and suggests the intermediacy of non-classical carbocations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7HPLC of Formula: 116332-61-7).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.HPLC of Formula: 116332-61-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comparison activating ability of three hydrogen peroxide activators was written by Guo, Sheng;Huang, De-Yi;She, Ji-Feng;Liang, Xiang-Qun. And the article was included in Advanced Materials Research (Durnten-Zurich, Switzerland) in 2013.Electric Literature of C10H16N2O4 This article mentions the following:

The bleaching efficiency of hydrogen peroxide can be promoted by using suitable activator. In our research, two methods were applied to compare the activating ability of three activators, TAED (tetraacetylethylenediamine), acetamide and dicyandiamide. The first part was hydrogen peroxide bleaching. TAED was excellent, because the brightness improvement was the maximum; the viscosity was acceptable. Acetamide was an applied activator in peroxide bleaching, for it could get same effects as TAED if the bleaching process had enough time and enough dosage. In the last part our study was about the kinetics of a lignin model compounds, acetovanillone, in peroxide-alone system, TAED/H₂O₂ system, acetamide/H₂O₂ system and dicyandiamide/H₂O₂ system. The rate constant, k and half-life period, t_1/2 can be used to compare the rate of oxidation of acetovanilone. Compared to peroxide-alone system, three systems with activator and H₂O₂ could accelerate the reactions of hydrogen peroxide and acetovanillone. The t_1/2 of TAED/H₂O₂ system was least of them. It was just 1/5 of t_1/2 of peroxide-alone system, 1/4 of t_1/2 of acetamide/H₂O₂ system and dicyandiamide/H₂O₂ system. The activating ability order of activators was: TAED> acetamide> dicyandiamide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Electric Literature of C10H16N2O4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Electric Literature of C10H16N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Controlled Reduction of Tertiary Amides to the Corresponding Alcohols, Aldehydes, or Amines Using Dialkylboranes and Aminoborohydride Reagents was written by Bailey, Christopher L.;Joh, Alexander Y.;Hurley, Zefan Q.;Anderson, Christopher L.;Singaram, Bakthan. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2016.Application In Synthesis of N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide This article mentions the following:

Dialkylboranes and aminoborohydrides are mild, selective reducing agents complementary to the commonly utilized amide reducing agents, such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH₄) and diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL) reagents. Tertiary amides were reduced using 1 or 2 equiv of various dialkylboranes. The reduction of tertiary amides required 2 equiv of 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) for complete reduction to give the corresponding tertiary amines. One equivalent of sterically hindered disiamylborane reacts with tertiary amides to afford the corresponding aldehydes. Aminoborohydrides are powerful and selective reducing agents for the reduction of tertiary amides. Lithium dimethylaminoborohydride and lithium diisopropylaminoborohydride are prepared from n-butyllithium and the corresponding amine-borane. Chloromagnesium dimethylaminoborohydride (ClMg⁺[H₃B-NMe₂]^–, MgAB) is prepared by the reaction of dimethylamine-borane with methylmagnesium chloride. Solutions of aminoborohydride reduce aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic tertiary amides to give the corresponding alc., amine, or aldehyde depending on the steric requirement of the tertiary amide and the aminoborohydride used. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7Application In Synthesis of N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Application In Synthesis of N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics