Tag: M.W=100-200

Related Products of 86-86-2, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 86-86-2, Name is 1-Naphthaleneacetamide, SMILES is C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC(=C12)CC(N)=O, belongs to amides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Yu, Xiaojuan, introduce new discover of the category.

Tissue viscoelasticity is related to tissue composition but may not fully predict the apparent-level viscoelasticity in human trabecular bone – An experimental and finite element study

Trabecular bone is viscoelastic under dynamic loading. However, it is unclear how tissue viscoelasticity controls viscoelasticity at the apparent-level. In this study, viscoelasticity of cylindrical human trabecular bone samples (n =11, male, age 18-78 years) from 11 proximal femurs were characterized using dynamic and stress-relaxation testing at the apparent-level and with creep nanoindentation at the tissue-level. In addition, bone tissue elasticity was determined using scanning acoustic microscope (SAM). Tissue composition and collagen crosslinks were assessed using Raman micro-spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Values of material parameters were obtained from finite element (FE) models by optimizing tissue-level creep and apparent-level stress-relaxation to experimental nanoindentation and unconfined compression testing values, respectively, utilizing the second order Prony series to depict viscoelasticity. FE simulations showed that tissue-level equilibrium elastic modulus (E-eq) increased with increasing crystallinity (r = 0.730, p =.011) while at the apparent-level it increased with increasing hydroxylysyl pyridinoline content (r= 0.718, p =.019). In addition, the normalized shear modulus,g(7) (r = 0.780, p =.005) decreased with increasing collagen ratio (amide III/CH2) at the tissue level, but increased (r = 0.696, p =.025) with increasing collagen ratio at the apparent-level. No significant relations were found between the measured or simulated viscoelastic parameters at the tissue-and apparent-levels nor were the parameters related to tissue elasticity determined with SAM. However, only g(2) and relaxation time r from simulated viscoelastic values were statistically different between tissue-and apparent-levels (p <.01). These findings indicate that bone tissue viscoelasticity is affected by tissue composition but may not fully predict the macroscale viscoelasticity in human trabecular bone. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Related Products of 86-86-2, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. I hope my blog about 86-86-2 is helpful to your research.

Application of 70-47-3, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 70-47-3, Name is H-Asn-OH, SMILES is O=C(O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O, belongs to amides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Zhang, Ji, introduce new discover of the category.

FAAH levels and its genetic polymorphism association with susceptibility to methamphetamine dependence

The fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) gene was involved in the modulation of reward and addiction pathophysiology of illicit drugs abuse, and its polymorphisms might be associated with risk of methamphetamine (METH) dependence. This study aimed to investigate the FAAH mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma protein levels and to analyze the 385C/A polymorphism (rs324420) between METH-dependent patients and controls. The levels of FAAH mRNA in METH dependence were significantly lower than in controls (P < 0.001), however, its plasma protein underwent a significant similar to 2-fold increase (P < 0.001). The A allele of the 385C/A polymorphism significantly increased the METH dependence risk (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 1.646, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.332-2.034). The carried A genotypes (AA, AC, and AA/AC) of 385C/A polymorphism also increased METH-dependence risks under a different genetic model (AA vs. CC: P = 0.017, OR = 2.454, 95%CI = 1.171-2.143; AC vs. CC: P < 0.001, OR = 1.818, 95%CI = 1.404-2.353; AC/AA vs. CC: P < 0.001, OR = 1.858, 95%CI = 1.444-2.319). The similar results were obtained after adjusting for age and sex. Unfortunately, we failed to find that any genotype of 385C/A polymorphism affected the mRNA or plasma protein levels in controls, respectively (P > 0.05). These data indicate that the FAAH may play an important role in the pathophysiological process of METH dependence, and the 385C/A polymorphism may be associated with METH dependence susceptibility in a Chinese Han population.

Application of 70-47-3, Consequently, the presence of a catalyst will permit a system to reach equilibrium more quickly, but it has no effect on the position of the equilibrium as reflected in the value of its equilibrium constant.I hope my blog about 70-47-3 is helpful to your research.

In an article, author is Harmalkar, Dipesh S., once mentioned the application of 1668-10-6, Application In Synthesis of H-Gly-NH2.HCl, Name is H-Gly-NH2.HCl, molecular formula is C2H7ClN2O, molecular weight is 110.54, MDL number is MFCD00013008, category is amides-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category.

Molecular Control of Heterogeneous Electrocatalysis through Graphite Conjugation

CONSPECTUS: The efficient interconversion of electrical and chemical energy requires catalysts capable of accelerating multielectron reactions at or near electrified interfaces. These reactions can be performed at metallic surface sites on heterogeneous electrocatalysts or through redox mediation at molecular electrocatalysts. The relative ease of synthesis and characterization for homogeneous catalysts has allowed for molecular-level control over the active site and permitted systematic tuning of activity and selectivity. Similar control is difficult to achieve with heterogeneous electrocatalysts, because they typically exhibit a distribution of active site geometries and local electronic structures, which are challenging to modify with molecular precision. However, metallic heterogeneous electrocatalysts benefit from a continuum of electronic states that distribute the redox burden of multielectron transformations, enabling more efficient catalysis. We envisioned that we could combine the attractive properties of molecular and heterogeneous catalysts by integrating tunable molecular active sites into the delocalized band states of a conductive solid. The Surendranath group has developed a class of electrocatalysts in which molecules are strongly electronically coupled to graphitic electrodes through a conductive, aromatic pyrazine linkage such that they behave like metallic surface active sites. In this Account, we discuss the dual role of these graphite-conjugated catalysts (GCCs) as a platform with which to answer molecular-level questions of metallic active sites and as a tool with which to fundamentally alter the mechanism and enhance the performance of molecular active sites. We begin by describing the electrochemical and spectroscopic studies that demonstrated that GCC sites behave like metallic active sites rather than simply as redox mediators attached to electrode surfaces. We then discuss how electrochemical studies of a series of graphite-conjugated acids enabled the construction of a molecular model for the thermochemistry of proton-coupled electron transfer reactions at GCC sites based on the pK(a) of the molecular analogue of the conjugated site and the potential of zero free charge of the electrode. In the final section, we discuss the effects of graphite conjugation on the mechanism and rate of oxygen reduction, hydrogen evolution, and carbon dioxide reduction catalysis across four different GCC platforms involving N-heterocycle, organometallic, and metalloporphyrin active sites. We discuss how molecular-level tuning at graphite-conjugated active sites directly correlates to changes in catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction. We demonstrate that graphite-conjugated porphyrins show enhanced catalytic oxygen reduction activity over amide-linked porphyrins. Lastly, we describe how catalysis at graphite-conjugated sites proceeds through mechanisms involving concerted electron transfer and substrate activation, in stark contrast to the mechanisms observed for molecular analogues. Overall, we showcase how GCCs provide a rich platform for controlling heterogeneous catalysis at the molecular level.

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One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time. 122-07-6, Name is 2,2-Dimethoxy-N-methylethanamine, formurla is C5H13NO2. In a document, author is Kakwere, Hamilton, introducing its new discovery. SDS of cas: 122-07-6.

High quality and high performance adsorption of Congo red using as-grown MWCNTs synthesized over a Co-MOF as a catalyst precursor via the CVD method

A Co(II) metal-organic framework (MOF) based on the pyridyl-amide-carboxylate-3-(2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) amido pyridine (HPCAP) ligand, namely [Co(PCAP)(2)]center dot 2H(2)O (1), has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized, which was firstly used as a combined catalyst precursor to synthesize multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The decomposition of ethylene in the presence of the Co-MOF by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method at 800 degrees C led to successful production of high quality as-grown MWCNT products. Interestingly, the as-grown MWCNTs exhibit high performance in the selective adsorption of Congo red (CR) with an adsorption capacity of 1639 mg g(-1).

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Reference of 56-84-8, Catalysts allow a reaction to proceed via a pathway that has a lower activation energy than the uncatalyzed reaction. 56-84-8, Name is H-Asp-OH, SMILES is N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O, belongs to amides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Fania, Luca, introduce new discover of the category.

Alginate/Cucurbit[7]uril/Dequalinium-Based Supramolecular Carbohydrates: Modulation of FRET Signals by Temperature Control

Herein, we describe the synthesis of a bioactive, inexpensive, and easy-to-handle supramolecular carbohydrate polymer by grafting of cucurbit[7]uril macrocycle (CB7)-encapsulated dequalinium chloride hydrate (DCH) onto alginic acid carbohydrates (ALG) via amide linkage formation and show that light energy transfer based on energy migration can be controlled by altering polymer temperature without changing polymer composition. DCH (donor) and 2-anilinonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (acceptor) were used to generate Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) signals. Stationary and time-resolved photoluminescence spectra of the modified carbohydrate platform revealed that FRET resulted in a color change from violet (similar to 387 nm) to blue (similar to 429 nm), which could be repeatedly switched on and off in response to temperature stimuli at 298-368 K. Temperature-dependent NMR measurements suggested that the responsiveness of DCH/CB7ALG to thermal stimuli was due to the threading of CB7 onto the DCH backbone in solution and upon grafting onto ALG polymers.

Reference of 56-84-8, One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about 56-84-8.

Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 623-33-6, Name is H-Gly-OEt.HCl, molecular formula is C4H10ClNO2, belongs to amides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Zhuo, Zhihang, introduce the new discover, Category: amides-buliding-blocks.

Radiation Stability of Epoxy-Based Gamma Shielding Material

A comprehensive investigation on the effect of gamma radiation on epoxy-lead oxide composites has been carried out highlighting upon the chemical structure, thermal stability, mechanical stability, surface morphology and gamma attenuation properties. FTIR analysis evidenced the irradiation effect leading to the formation of ketones and amides due to chain scission of the epoxy polymer backbone. Surface damages were observed at high gamma dose in optical micrographs which was controlled by lead oxide. The decrease in thermal stability and activation energy with gamma dose was observed in TGA analysis. Nanoindentation studies demonstrated the decreases in surface hardness and modulus at a higher dose. However, the attenuation properties and XRD spectrum of the composites remain unchanged upon 1000 kGy gamma radiation dose.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 623-33-6. Category: amides-buliding-blocks.

Reference of 1492-24-6, Children learn through play, and they learn more than adults might expect. Science experiments are a great way to spark their curiosity, 1492-24-6, Name is H-Abu-OH, SMILES is CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O, belongs to amides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Zhang, Lei, introduce new discover of the category.

Cobalt Amide Imidate Imidazolate Frameworks as Highly Active Oxygen Evolution Model Materials

Two imidazolate-based Co-MOFs, IFP-5 and IFP-8 (imidazolate framework Potsdam), with a different peripheral group -R (-Me and -OMe, respectively) have been synthesized by a solvothermal method and tested toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Remarkably, IFP-8 presents much lower overpotentials (319 mV at 10 mA/cm(2) and 490 mV at SOO mA/cm(2)) than IFP-5 toward OER, as confirmed by online gas chromatography measurements (Faradaic yield of O-2 > 99%). Moreover, the system is extraordinarily stable during 120 h, even when used as a catalyst toward the overall water splitting reaction without any sign of fatigue. An integrated ex situ spectroscopic study, based on powder X-ray diffraction, extended X-ray absorption fine structure, and attenuated total reflection, allows the identification of the active species and the factors that determine the catalytic activity. Indeed, it was found that the performances are highly affected by the nature of the -R group, because this small change strongly influences the conversion of the initial metal organic framework to the active species. As a consequence, the remarkable activity of IFP-8 can be ascribed to the formation of Co(O)OH phase with a particle size of a few nanometers (3-10 nm) during the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution.

Reference of 1492-24-6, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. I hope my blog about 1492-24-6 is helpful to your research.

Chemo-enzymatic cascade processes are invaluable due to their ability to rapidly construct high-value products from available feedstock chemicals in a one-pot relay manner. In an article, author is Toledano, M., once mentioned the application of 5977-14-0, Name is Acetoacetamide, molecular formula is C4H7NO2, molecular weight is 101.1039, MDL number is MFCD00025528, category is amides-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category, Product Details of 5977-14-0.

Coordination of 2,2 ‘-(Trifluoroazanediyl)bis(N,N ‘-dimethylacetamide) with U(VI), Nd(III), and Np(V): A Thermodynamic and Structural Study

Thermodynamic properties of the complexation of 2,2′-(trifluoroazanediyl)bis(N,N’-dimethylacetamide) (CF(3)ABDMA) with U(VI), Nd(III), and Np(V) have been studied in 1.0 M NaNO3 at 25 degrees C. Equilibrium constants of the complexation were determined by potentiometry and spectrophotometry. In comparison with a series of structurally related amine bridged diacetamide ligands, including 2,2′-(benzylazanediyl)bis(N,N’-dimethylacetamide) (BnABDMA), 2,2′-azanediylbis(N,N’-dimethylacetamide) (ABDMA), and 2,2′-(methylazanediyl)bis(N,N’-dimethylacetamide) (MABDMA), CF(3)ABDMA forms weaker complexes with U(VI), Nd(III), and Np(V) due to the lower basicity of the center N atom in CF(3)ABDMA resulting from the attachment of the strong electron-withdrawing CF3-moiety. The complexation strength of CF(3)ABDMA with the three metal ions follows the order: UO22+ > Nd3+ > NpO2, consistent with the order of the effective charges of the metal ions. Structural information on the U(VI)/CF(3)ABDMA complexes in solution and in solid was obtained by theoretical computation, single crystal X-ray diffractometry, F-19 NMR, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The structural data indicate that, similar to the three previously studied amine-bridged diacetamide ligands (BnABDMA, ABDMA, and MABDMA), the CF(3)ABDMA ligand coordinates to UO22+ in a tridentate mode, through the center nitrogen and the two amide oxygen atoms.

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Electric Literature of 2812-46-6, As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 2812-46-6, Name is H-Pro-OtBu, SMILES is O=C([C@H]1NCCC1)OC(C)(C)C, belongs to amides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Rueda-Garcia, Daniel, introduce new discover of the category.

Mass spectral and theoretical investigations of the transient proton-bound dimers on the cleavage processes of the peptide GHK and its analogues

Fragmentation mechanisms of the singly protonated peptides GHK, GHKH and HGHK have been investigated by mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations. Fragmentation behavior of the protonated H-K amide bond in GHK was changed completely when a histidinyl residue was introduced into the C-terminus of GHK. The H-K amide bond breaking was a predominant pathway in the case of GHK and GHKH. For HGHK, the histidinyl residue at the N-terminus hampered significantly breaking of the H-K amide bond resulting in a high potential energy barrier; calculations indicated that this histidinyl effect played a vital role for the H-K amide bond fragmentation. Subsequent analysis of the fragmentation mechanism revealed that recombination processes of the hydrogen bonding for the intermediate products were all exergonic. Formation of a proton-bound dimer (PBD) lowering the energy barriers from a thermodynamic perspective for all the designed fragmentation pathways was demonstrated to be feasible by our systematic calculations. Moreover, the involvement of different PBDs was further confirmed by analyses of the reduced density gradient (RDG) isosurfaces and scatter maps. A dynamically favored pathway was likely via six-membered ring or nine-membered ring structures generated by the diketopiperazine as revealed by atom-in-molecules (AIM) analyses, since the steric interaction energies in the newly formed ring were estimated to be relatively small when compared to the products generated from a lactam and/or an oxazolone pathway. This is the first feasibility investigation from a dynamic viewpoint for formation of different rings involved in the lactam, oxazolone or diketopiperazine pathways in the fragmentation mechanisms proposed.

Electric Literature of 2812-46-6, Because enzymes can increase reaction rates by enormous factors and tend to be very specific, typically producing only a single product in quantitative yield, they are the focus of active research.you can also check out more blogs about 2812-46-6.

Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics, 5977-14-0, Name is Acetoacetamide, SMILES is CC(CC(N)=O)=O, belongs to amides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Enayati, Mojtaba, introduce the new discover, Application In Synthesis of Acetoacetamide.

Competing forces in the self-assembly of amide-functionalized discotic mesogens

The effect of incorporating a single amide group on the self-assembly of discotic mesogens was examined. Two series of tetraalkoxydibenzophenazines amides were prepared: tertiary diethyl amides, dEt(n) incapable of hydrogen bonding, and secondary amides HBu(n) that can act as both H-bond donors and acceptors. These compounds exhibit markedly different behavior in solution; NMR studies of dEt(n) show no evidence of self-association, whereas HBu(n) strongly associate via H-bonding and pi-stacking. Compounds HBu(n) also act as small molecule gelators in a range of solvents, a property not observed for the corresponding tertiary amides. All compounds were found to form Col(h) liquid crystal phases; variable temperature XRD experiments indicate that each column has a diameter approximately equal to that of a single molecule. A comparison of the phase behavior of HBu(n) and dEt(n) suggests that the columnar phases of the former are stabilized by hydrogen bonding, likely at the expense of local parallel alignment of these molecules. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that dEt(6) adopts an antiparallel arrangement in the solid state, in keeping with previous theories of packing within columnar LC phases. These studies highlight the interplay between competing factors, such as hydrogen bonding, pi-stacking and dipole-dipole interactions that affect the stability of the LC phases.

The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 5977-14-0 is helpful to your research. Application In Synthesis of Acetoacetamide.