Tag: M.W=200-250

Cardona, Raymond A. published the artcileReactions of (triphenylstannyl)carbodiimides and-cyanamide with organic halides and isothiocyanates, Name: N,N-Dibenzylcyanamide, the publication is Journal of Organometallic Chemistry (1972), 43(1), 163-73, database is CAplus.

The reaction of bis(triphenylstannyl)carbodiimide (I) with alkyl halides was not a general route to dialkyl-carbodiimides. I and trityl chloride gave ditritylcarbodiimide, but I and PhCH2Br gave a dibenzylcyanamide-Ph3SnBr complex (II). The reaction of N-(triphenylstannyl)-N -tritylcarbodiimide (III) with trityl chloride also afforded ditritylcarbodiimide, but the reaction of III with PhCH2Br gave a benzyltritylcyan-amide-Ph3SnBr complex (IV). The complexes (II) and (IV) were prepared also from Ph3SnBr and dialkylcyanamides. Some evidence that the nitrile N, rather than the amino N, is bonded to Sn in these complexes was found. The reaction of (triphenylstannyl)cyanamide (V) with trityl chloride andEt3N gave di-tritylcarbodiimide and a small amount of III. The reaction of I with PhNCO gave N-phenyl-N -(triphenylstannyl)-N -cyano-S-(triphenylstannyl)isothiourea. V and organic isothiocyanates gave N-substituted N -cyano-S-(triphenylstannyl)isothioureas. The order of reactivity of organic isothiocyanates in this reaction was determined N-Phenyl-N -cyano-S-(triphenylstannyl)isothiourea decomposed in refluxing C6H6 to give bis(triphenyltin) sulfide and a 1,3,5-thiadiazine derivative

Journal of Organometallic Chemistry published new progress about 2451-91-4. 2451-91-4 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Nitrile,Amine,Benzene, name is N,N-Dibenzylcyanamide, and the molecular formula is C15H14N2, Name: N,N-Dibenzylcyanamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Stieglitz, Jessica T. published the artcileExploration of Methanomethylophilus alvus pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase activity in yeast, Category: amides-buliding-blocks, the publication is ACS Synthetic Biology (2022), 11(5), 1824-1834, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Archaeal pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetases (PylRSs) have been used to genetically encode over 200 distinct noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) in proteins in Escherichia coli and mammalian cells. This vastly expands the range of chem. functionality accessible within proteins produced in these organisms. Despite these clear successes, explorations of PylRS function in yeast remain limited. In this work, we demonstrate that the Methanomethylophilus alvus PylRS (MaPylRS) and its cognate tRNA_CUA^MaPyl support the incorporation of ncAAs into proteins produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using stop codon suppression methodologies. Addnl., we prepared three MaPylRS mutants originally engineered in E. coli and determined that all three were active with one or more ncAAs, although with low efficiencies of ncAA incorporation in comparison to the parent MaPylRS. Alongside MaPylRS variants, we evaluated the activity of previously reported Methanosarcina mazei, Methanosarcina barkeri, and chimeric M. mazei and M. barkeri PylRSs. Using S. cerevisiae RJY100 and pairing these PylRSs with the M. mazei tRNA_CUA, we did not observe any detectable stop codon suppression activity under the same conditions that produced moderately efficient ncAA incorporation with MaPylRS. The addition of MaPylRS/tRNA_CUA^MaPyl to the orthogonal translation machinery toolkit in S. cerevisiae potentially opens the door to hundreds of ncAAs that have not previously been genetically encodable using other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs. Extending the scope of ncAA incorporation in yeast could powerfully advance chem. and biol. research for applications ranging from basic biol. discovery to enzyme engineering and therapeutic protein lead discovery.

ACS Synthetic Biology published new progress about 2418-95-3. 2418-95-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Carboxylic acid,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Amino acide derivatives, name is H-Lys(Boc)-OH, and the molecular formula is C15H14O3, Category: amides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chen, Mei published the artcileJoint Tissues Amplify Inflammation and Alter Their Invasive Behavior via Leukotriene B₄ in Experimental Inflammatory Arthritis, Recommanded Product: [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, the publication is Journal of Immunology (2010), 185(9), 5503-5511, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Mechanisms by which mesenchymal-derived tissue lineages participate in amplifying and perpetuating synovial inflammation in arthritis have been relatively underinvestigated and are therefore poorly understood. Elucidating these processes is likely to provide new insights into the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) is a potent proinflammatory lipid mediator that initiates and amplifies synovial inflammation in the K/BxN model of arthritis. We sought to elucidate mechanisms by which mesenchymal-derived fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) perpetuate synovial inflammation. We focused on the abilities of FLSs to contribute to LTB₄ synthesis and to respond to LTB₄ within the joint. Using a series of bone marrow chimeras generated from 5-lipoxygenase^-/- and leukotriene A₄ (LTA₄) hydrolase^-/- mice, we demonstrate that FLSs generate sufficient levels of LTB₄ production through transcellular metabolism in K/BxN serum-induced arthritis to drive inflammatory arthritis. FLSs-which comprise the predominant lineage populating the synovial lining-are competent to metabolize exogenous LTA₄ into LTB₄ ex vivo. Stimulation of FLSs with TNF increased their capacity to generate LTB₄ 3-fold without inducing the expression of LTA₄ hydrolase protein. Moreover, LTB₄ (acting via LTB₄ receptor 1) was found to modulate the migratory and invasive activity of FLSs in vitro and also promote joint erosion by pannus tissue in vivo. Our results identify novel roles for FLSs and LTB₄ in joints, placing LTB₄ regulation of FLS biol. at the center of a previously unrecognized amplification loop for synovial inflammation and tissue pathol.

Journal of Immunology published new progress about 321673-30-7. 321673-30-7 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,Scavenger receptor, name is [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, and the molecular formula is C12H23N3S, Recommanded Product: [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Song, Xiaojie published the artcileGenipin cross-linked blue Lys-FA nanoparticles for targeted visible glioma cell staining and drug delivery, Computed Properties of 2418-95-3, the publication is Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology (2021), 102161, database is CAplus.

Design and fabrication of multifunctional nano-carrier is a promising tool in the field of nanomedicine for glioma theranostics. In this study, blue color nanoparticles with targeted tumor cell staining and drug delivery capabilities were simply fabricated by crosslinking lysine (Lys) and lysine-folic acid (Lys-FA) mixture with genipin as the crosslinking agent through a reversed microemulsion method. Doxorubicin (DOX) as the model drug was loaded through electrostatic interaction. The nanoparticles before (Lys-FA NPs) and after (Lys-FA/DOX NPs) loading of DOX were characterized by UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic laser light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and fluorescence spectroscopy. Ultimately, the glioma cell staining ability of Lys-FA NPs and cytotoxicity of Lys-FA/DOX NPs were tested in vitro. The results showed that the particle size of Lys-FA NPs can be tuned by adjusting the ratio of Lys to Lys-FA simply. The Lys-FA NPs exhibited dark blue and the blue color is stable under different pH values and temperatures The feature makes the staining glioma cell pellets visible to naked-eyes. The model drug DOX was loaded on Lys-FA NPs indicated by the increase of size and zeta potential, and change of optical properties. The DOX loaded on the Lys-FA NPs can be sustainedly released, other than burst release. Encouragingly, the Lys-FA NPs can deliver DOX into cells and dramatically reduce cell viability, as proved by U87 cell cytotoxicity anal. and confocal fluorescence imaging. In addition, the Lys-FA NPs (≤2.5 mg mL^-1) are nontoxic to CHO cells. In a short, the blue color Lys-FA NPs can visibly stain glioma cell pellets and deliver DOX into glioma cells, which can potentially be applied as a multifunctional nanocarrier for tumor imaging and drug delivery.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology published new progress about 2418-95-3. 2418-95-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Carboxylic acid,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Amino acide derivatives, name is H-Lys(Boc)-OH, and the molecular formula is C14H20BNO3, Computed Properties of 2418-95-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Knauer, Sascha published the artcileSustainable peptide synthesis enabled by a transient protecting group, Computed Properties of 2418-95-3, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2020), 59(31), 12984-12990, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The growing interest in synthetic peptides has prompted the development of viable methods for their sustainable production Currently, large amounts of toxic solvents are required for peptide assembly from protected building blocks, and switching to water as a reaction medium remains a major hurdle in peptide chem. We report an aqueous solid-phase peptide synthesis strategy that is based on a water-compatible 2,7-disulfo-9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Smoc) protecting group. This approach enables peptide assembly under aqueous conditions, real-time monitoring of building block coupling, and efficient postsynthetic purification The procedure for the synthesis of all natural and several non-natural Smoc-protected amino acids is described, as well as the assembly of 22 peptide sequences and the fundamental issues of SPPS, including the protecting group strategy, coupling and cleavage efficiency, stability under aqueous conditions, and crucial side reactions.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 2418-95-3. 2418-95-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Carboxylic acid,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Amino acide derivatives, name is H-Lys(Boc)-OH, and the molecular formula is C11H22N2O4, Computed Properties of 2418-95-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ichiki, Takako published the artcileReceptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Regulates Leukotriene B₄ Receptor 1 Signaling, SDS of cas: 321673-30-7, the publication is DNA and Cell Biology (2016), 35(12), 747-750, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Leukotriene B₄ receptor 1 (BLT1), a high-affinity G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄), plays important roles in inflammatory and immune reactions. Although the LTB₄-BLT1 axis is known to promote inflammation, the binding proteins that modulate LTB₄-BLT1 signaling have not been identified. Recently, we discovered that receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) interacts with BLT1 and modulates LTB₄-BLT1 signaling. We propose RAGE as a new class of GPCR modulator and a new target of future GPCR studies.

DNA and Cell Biology published new progress about 321673-30-7. 321673-30-7 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,Scavenger receptor, name is [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, and the molecular formula is C12H23N3S, SDS of cas: 321673-30-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sasaki, Fumiyuki published the artcileBiochemical and immunological characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody against mouse leukotriene B4 receptor 1, Synthetic Route of 321673-30-7, the publication is PLoS One (2017), 12(9), e0185133/1-e0185133/19, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor 1 (BLT1) is a G protein-coupled receptor expressed in various leukocyte subsets; however, the precise expression of mouse BLT1 (mBLT1) has not been reported because a mBLT1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) has not been available. In this study, we present the successful establishment of a hybridoma cell line (clone 7A8) that produces a high-affinity mAb for mBLT1 by direct immunization of BLT1-deficient mice with mBLT1-overexpressing cells. The specificity of clone 7A8 was confirmed using mBLT1- overexpressing cells and mouse peripheral blood leukocytes that endogenously express BLT1. Clone 7A8 did not cross-react with human BLT1 or other G protein-coupled receptors, including human chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4. The 7A8 mAb binds to the second extracellular loop of mBLT1 and did not affect LTB4 binding or intracellular calcium mobilization by LTB4. The 7A8 mAb pos. stained Gr-1-pos. granulocytes, CD11b-pos. granulocytes/monocytes, F4/80-pos. monocytes, CCR2-high and CCR2-low monocyte subsets in the peripheral blood and a CD4-pos. T cell subset, Th1 cells differentiated in vitro from naive CD4-pos. T cells. This mAb was able to detect Gr-1-pos. granulocytes and monocytes in the spleens of naive mice by immunohistochem. Finally, i.p. administration of 7A8 mAb depleted granulocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood. We have therefore succeeded in generating a high-affinity anti-mBLT1 mAb that is useful for analyzing mBLT1 expression in vitro and in vivo.

PLoS One published new progress about 321673-30-7. 321673-30-7 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,Scavenger receptor, name is [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, and the molecular formula is C12H23N3S, Synthetic Route of 321673-30-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shao, Sida published the artcileExpanding the genetic code of the human hematopoietic system, Category: amides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2020), 117(16), 8845-8849, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The genetic incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins has been realized in bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells, and recently, in multicellular organisms including plants and animals. However, the addition of new building blocks to the genetic code of tissues from human origin has not yet been achieved. To this end, we report a self-replicating Epstein-Barr virus-based episomal vector for the long-term encoding of ncAAs in human hematopoietic stem cells and reconstitution of this genetically engineered hematopoietic system in mice.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about 2418-95-3. 2418-95-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral,Carboxylic acid,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Amino acide derivatives, name is H-Lys(Boc)-OH, and the molecular formula is C19H14N2, Category: amides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tapolcsanyi, Pal published the artcileSynthesis of some diazino-fused tricyclic systems via Suzuki cross-coupling and regioselective nitrene insertion reactions, Quality Control of 146140-95-6, the publication is Tetrahedron (2002), 58(51), 10137-10143, database is CAplus.

Suzuki coupling of 5-chloro-2-methyl-6-phenylpyridazin-3(2H)-one, 6-chloro-1,3-dimethyluracil and 2-chloropyrazine with protected aminoaryl boronic acids resulted in the corresponding (pivaloylamino)phenyl diazines which were transformed to diazino-fused indole and cinnoline derivatives Suzuki coupling of 5-amino-6-chloro-1,3-dimethyluracil with 2-formylphenyl boronic acid afforded a novel pyrimidoisoquinoline ring system in a one-pot reaction. For example, Suzuki coupling of 5-chloro-2-methyl-6-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone with [2-[(2,2-dimethyl-1-oxopropyl)amino]phenyl]boronic acid gave 2-methyl-6-phenyl-5-[2-(pivaloyl)amino]-3(2H)-pyridazinone which was deprotected to give 5-(2-aminophenyl)-2-methyl-6-phenyl-3(2H)-Pyridazinone (I). Diazotization and sequential azidization of I gave 5-(2-azidophenyl)-2-methyl-6-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone which was cyclized to give 3,5-dihydro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-4H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-4-one (II).

Tetrahedron published new progress about 146140-95-6. 146140-95-6 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Boronic acid and ester,Amine,Benzene,Amide,Boronic Acids,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester,, name is (2-Pivalamidophenyl)boronic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H7ClN2S, Quality Control of 146140-95-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chou, Richard C. published the artcileLipid-Cytokine-Chemokine Cascade Drives Neutrophil Recruitment in a Murine Model of Inflammatory Arthritis, Safety of [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, the publication is Immunity (2010), 33(2), 266-278, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A large and diverse array of chemoattractants control leukocyte trafficking, but how these apparently redundant signals collaborate in vivo is still largely unknown. We previously demonstrated an absolute requirement for the lipid chemoattractant leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) and its receptor BLT1 for neutrophil recruitment into the joint in autoantibody-induced arthritis. We now demonstrate that BLT1 is required for neutrophils to deliver IL-1 into the joint to initiate arthritis. IL-1-expressing neutrophils amplify arthritis through the production of neutrophil-active chemokines from synovial tissue cells. CCR1 and CXCR2, two neutrophil chemokine receptors, operate nonredundantly to sequentially control the later phase of neutrophil recruitment into the joint and mediate all neutrophil chemokine activity in the model. Thus, we have uncovered a complex sequential relationship involving unique contributions from the lipid mediator LTB₄, the cytokine IL-1, and CCR1 and CXCR2 chemokine ligands that are all absolutely required for effective neutrophil recruitment into the joint.

Immunity published new progress about 321673-30-7. 321673-30-7 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,Scavenger receptor, name is [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, and the molecular formula is C12H23N3S, Safety of [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics