Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Eliel, Ernest L.; Nelson, Kenneth W. published an article in 1955, the title of the article was Reactions of p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid and derivatives. The σp* constant of the N,N-dimethylsulfonamido group.Synthetic Route of 97-09-6 And the article contains the following content:

In order to find other uses for p-ClC6H4SO3H (I), a by-product in the manufacture of DDT, some experiments are carried out with I. Adding (10 min.) 200 g. ClSO3H to 100 g. dry I at 10°, heating until the evolution of HCl ceases, and pouring the mixture slowly onto ice gives 70-85% p-ClC6H4SO2Cl, m. 51°, which (75 g.) is treated with 28% NH4OH (or 40% NH2Me or 40% NHMe2) at such a rate that the temperature does not exceed 40°, giving 70-80% p-ClC6H4SO2NH2 (II), m. 143-4° [or p-ClC6H4SO2NHMe (III), m. 62-4°, or p-ClC6H4SO2NMe2 (IV), m. 78-9°]. Heating 5 g. IV and 100 cc. 10% NaOH 4 hrs. at 200° in a stainless-steel bomb with shaking gives 91% p-HOC6H4SO2NMe2, m. 94°. p-MeOC6H4SO2NMe2, prepared with CH2N2, m. 71-2°, is also obtained from PhOMe and SO2Cl2 and treatment of the MeOC6H4SO2Cl with NHMe2. Treating 5 g. III with 100 cc. 10% aqueous NaOH 4 hrs. at 200° leaves III unchanged but at 250° PhOH is formed. Heating 7 g. IV with 130 cc. 36% aqueous NH4OH at 250° (about 2700 lb. pressure) 4 hrs. gives 63% p-H2NC6H4SO2NMe2, m. 170.5-1°. Heating 20 g. IV and 10 g. CuCN in 12 cc. C5H5N 4 hrs. at 240-50°, pouring the cooled (100°) mixture into 100 cc. concentrated HCl, stirring the mixture at 20° with 200 cc. C6H6, and evaporating the washed (NH4OH, H2O) C6H6 layer gives 62% p-NCC6H4SO2NMe2 (V), m. 124-7°. Refluxing 2 g. V in 20 cc. 10% NaOH until a homogeneous solution is formed gives 97% p-HO2CC6H4SO2NMe2, m. 251-3°. Refluxing 20 g. V in 100 cc. tetrahydrofuran (THF) 1 hr. with 8 g. LiAlH4 in 50 cc. THF and acidifying the mixture with dilute H2SO4 gives (p-H2NCH2C6H4SO2NMe2)2.H2SO4 not m. below 250°. Adding 20 g. I to 15 cc. 18% fuming H2SO4, 35 cc. concentrated H2SO4, and 30 cc. fuming HNO3, keeping the mixture 1 hr. at 20°, adding 100 cc. H2O, and distilling it off until the temperature reaches 220° gives 11 g. 4,3-Cl(O2N)C6H3SO3H (VI). Heating 10 g. VI with 20 g. ClSO3H 1 hr. at 100° and pouring the cooled mixture onto crushed ice gives 18% sulfonyl chloride (VII) which (3 g.), treated with 50 cc. 28% aq NH4OH, heated to boiling and cooled, yields 79% sulfonamide (VIII), m. 175-7°. Adding 5 g. VII to 25 cc. 40% NHMe2 at such a rate that the temperature does not exceed 40°, filtering the precipitate, and triturating it with 25 cc. concentrated HCl gives 56% N,N-dimethylsulfonamide (IX), m. 100-2°. Heating 3 g. VII with 25 cc. 40% aqueous NHMe2 at 90° gives 84% 4,3-Me2N(O2N)C6H3SO2NMe2, m. 182-3°; 4-methylamino analog, 88%, m. 183°. The reaction rates of 2,4-Cl2C6H3NO2, VIII, IX, and o-ClC6H4NO2 with NaOMe are found to be 1.54, 0.0911, 0.0106, and 0.00306, resp. From the value for VIII σp* for SO2NMe2 is calculated to be 0.99. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Nitro-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide(cas: 97-09-6).Synthetic Route of 97-09-6

3-Nitro-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide(cas:97-09-6) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Synthetic Route of 97-09-6

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Handa, Takeshi; Araki, Akira; Yamamoto, Ken-ichi published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Hemolymph acid-base balance of akoya pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii with cannulated adductor muscle in normoxic conditions.COA of Formula: C6H5ClN2O4S And the article contains the following content:

We collected the hemolymph anaerobically through a cannula inserted into the adductor muscle of Akoya pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii submerged in exptl. seawater, and examined hemolymph pH, total CO2 concentration (Tco2), CO2 partial pressure (Pco2), and bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3-]) in order to evaluate the ability of the acid-base balance of P. fucata martensii in normoxic conditions. The mean values of hemolymph pH and Tco2 were 7.544 and 2.21 mM/L, resp. The apparent dissociation constant of carbonic acid (pKapp) was estimated using the following equation: pKapp = 225.712 – 97.096 • pH + 14.313 • pH2 – 0.7035 • pH3. Using mean values of pKapp (5.99585) and CO2 solubility coefficient (αco2, 37.02 μM/L/torr) determined in this study, the hemolymph Pco2 and [HCO3-] were calculated as 1.69 torr and 2.14 mM/L, resp. The non-bicarbonate buffer value (βNB) was 0.967 slykes. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Nitro-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide(cas: 97-09-6).COA of Formula: C6H5ClN2O4S

3-Nitro-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide(cas:97-09-6) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. COA of Formula: C6H5ClN2O4S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On November 15, 2022, Zhang, Keqiang; Ruan, Rong; Zhang, Zulin; Zhi, Suli published an article.Quality Control of N-((4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl)acetamide The title of the article was An exhaustive investigation on antibiotics contamination from livestock farms within sensitive reservoir water area: Spatial density, source apportionment and risk assessment. And the article contained the following:

Although the studies on antibiotic contamination are common at present, large-scale sampling studies drawing highly representative conclusions are still scarce. This study conducted a comprehensive investigation on a total of 1183 samples from 70 livestock farms within a sensitive area around reservoir waters. 45 types of antibiotics belonging to 5 different classes were monitored. This is the first anal. to comprehensively investigate the d. distribution, source apportionment, ecol. and health risk of antibiotics in an entire area of sensitive waters. The results showed that the layer manure samples had highest detection rate of antibiotics (0.0 %-96.1 %, average value = 30.7 %) followed by pig manure samples. Oxytetracycline had the highest concentration of 712.16 mg/kg in a pig manure sample. Different from using antibiotic concentration as a proxy for pollution level, the spatial d. was calculated by averaging antibiotic concentration to area and converting different livestock to pig equivalent The spatial d. of pig equivalent can more realistically reflect the pollution caused by different breeds of livestocks. It was shown that the pig farms contributed higher to total antibiotic d. than the layer and cattle farms did. After assessed, a few antibiotics (oxytetracycline, chlorotetracycline and tetracycline) have posed high ecol. risks to soil around the farms. However, none of them caused hazard quotient (HQ) risk and carcinogenic risk (CR) to human health in the water of reservoir. Children were more likely to be at hazard risk than adults. Antibiotic mass fluctuation rules were analyzed along the chain (feed 鈫?livestock waste 鈫?soil 鈫?surface water). Feed, livestock waste and soil had similar diversity, but the antibiotic concentrations continued to decline, implying the possible sources of antibiotic residues were similar. Thus, it is important to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use to prevent the potential long-term risk of antibiotics. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-((4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl)acetamide(cas: 144-80-9).Quality Control of N-((4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl)acetamide

The Article related to antibiotic livestock farm risk assessment surface water, antibiotic, livestock farm, risk assessment, source apportionment, spatial density, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Quality Control of N-((4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl)acetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On August 15, 2022, Tan, Haiguang; Sun, Feifei; Abdallah, Mohamed F.; Li, Jianxun; Zhou, Jinhui; Li, Yi; Yang, Shupeng published an article.Category: amides-buliding-blocks The title of the article was Background ions into exclusion list: A new strategy to enhance the efficiency of DDA data collection for high-throughput screening of chemical contaminations in food. And the article contained the following:

Foods contaminated with hazardous compounds, could pose potential risks for human health. To date, there is still a big challenge in accurate identification. In this study, a novel data-dependent acquisition (DDA) approach, based on a combination of inclusion list and exclusion list, was proposed to acquire more effective MS/MS spectra. This strategy was successfully applied in a large-scale screening survey to detect 50 mycotoxins in oats, 155 veterinary drugs in dairy milk, and 200 pesticides in tomatoes. Compared with traditional acquisition modes, this new strategy has higher detection rate, particularly at ultra-low concentration by eliminating background influence, thereby generating the MS/MS spectra for more potential hazardous materials instead of matrix interference. Addnl., the obtained MS/MS spectra are simpler and more likely to be traced back than DIA. Moreover, this new strategy would be more comprehensively applied in food safety monitoring with the improvement of HRMS and post-acquisition techniques. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-((4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl)acetamide(cas: 144-80-9).Category: amides-buliding-blocks

The Article related to throughput screening chem contamination food, data acquisition, food safety, high-resolution mass spectrometer, non-targeted screening, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On August 31, 2022, Shinde, Jivan; Bhimrao Patil, Prakash; Kavala, Veerababurao; Yao, Ching-Fa published an article.Related Products of 102-07-8 The title of the article was Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Urea Derivatives via Cu-Catalyzed Reaction of Acylazide and Secondary Amine. And the article contained the following:

The synthesis of unsym. urea generally requires toxic reagent, solvent and harsh reaction condition. Herein, we introduce Cu-catalyzed greener and safer unsym. urea derivatives synthesis in Et acetate. This method minimized utilization of toxic reagent. A variety of indole, amines, and azides with bis-indole successfully employed leading to high yields and gram scale synthesis of isolated urea. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,3-Diphenylurea(cas: 102-07-8).Related Products of 102-07-8

The Article related to urea derivative copper acylazide secondary amine catalysis, curtius rearrangement, copper catalyst, green solvent, unsymmetrical urea, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Related Products of 102-07-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On February 5, 2021, Song, Mengke; Song, Dandan; Jiang, Longfei; Zhang, Dayi; Sun, Yingtao; Chen, Guoen; Xu, Huijuan; Mei, Weiping; Li, Yongtao; Luo, Chunling; Zhang, Gan published an article.Synthetic Route of 144-80-9 The title of the article was Large-scale biogeographical patterns of antibiotic resistome in the forest soils across China. And the article contained the following:

Soil is a reservoir of environmental resistomes. Information about their distribution, profiles, and driving forces in undisturbed environments is essential for understanding and managing modern antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in human disturbed environments. However, knowledge about the resistomes in pristine soils is limited, particularly at national scale. Here, we conducted a national-scale investigation of soil resistomes in pristine forests across China. Although the antibiotics content was low and ranged from below limit of detection (LOD) to 0.290 渭g/kg, numerous detected ARGs conferring resistance to major classes of modern antibiotics were identified and indicated forest soils as a potential source of resistance traits. ARGs ranged from 6.20 x 10-7 to 2.52 x 10-3 copies/16S-rRNA and were predominated by those resisting aminoglycoside and encoding deactivation mechanisms. Low abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and its scarcely pos. connections with ARGs suggest the low potential of horizontal gene transfer. The geog. patterns of ARGs and ARG-hosts in pristine forest soils were mainly driven by soil physiochem. variables and followed a distance-decay relationship. This work focusing on pristine soils can provide valuably new information for our understanding of the ARGs in human disturbed environments. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-((4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl)acetamide(cas: 144-80-9).Synthetic Route of 144-80-9

The Article related to gene expression antibiotic resistance forest soil, antibiotic resistome, distribution, driving force, forest soils, national scale, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 144-80-9

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On February 10, 2021, Yao, Shuyang; Fang, Wei-Hui; Sun, Yayong; Wang, San-Tai; Zhang, Jian published an article.Reference of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)acetic acid The title of the article was Mesoporous assembly of aluminum molecular rings for iodine capture. And the article contained the following:

The effective capture and storage of radioiodine are of worldwide interest for sustainable nuclear energy. However, the direct observation of ambiguous binding sites that accommodate iodine is extremely rare. Here, the authors present a crystallog. visualization of the binding of iodine within mesoporous cages assembled from aluminum mol. rings. These nanocages are formed through 蟺-蟺 interactions between adjacent aluminum mol. rings. Compared with the general nanotubes arrangement, the supramol. nanocage isomer exhibits better iodine adsorption behavior. The robust mol. nanocages demonstrate a high iodine vapor saturation uptake capacity of 50.3 weight% at 80掳C. Furthermore, the resulting adsorbent can be recycled. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction reveals binding sites of mol. I2 within the pores of the phenyl-based linkers stabilized by the strong I路路路蟺 interactions. These compounds represent an excellent model to deduce the trapping mechanism of guest mols. interacting with the host. In addition, this work develops a promising cluster-based aluminum material as iodine adsorbents. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)acetic acid(cas: 27115-50-0).Reference of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)acetic acid

The Article related to mesoporous assembly aluminum mol ring radioiodine capture, pyrazole thermal synthesis aluminum oxy cluster radioiodine adsorption, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Reference of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)acetic acid

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On May 31, 2022, Chibwe, Leah; Parrott, Joanne L.; Shires, Kallie; Khan, Hufsa; Clarence, Stacey; Lavalle, Christine; Sullivan, Cheryl; O鈥睟rien, Anna M.; De Silva, Amila O.; Muir, Derek C. G.; Rochman, Chelsea M. published an article.Synthetic Route of 102-07-8 The title of the article was A Deep Dive into the Complex Chemical Mixture and Toxicity of Tire Wear Particle Leachate in Fathead Minnow. And the article contained the following:

The ecol. impact of tire wear particles in aquatic ecosystems is a growing environmental concern. We combined toxicity testing, using fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos, with nontarget high-resolution liquid chromatog. Orbitrap mass spectrometry to characterize the toxicity and chem. mixture of organic chems. associated with tire particle leachates. We assessed: 1) exposure to tire particle leachates after leaching for 1-, 3-, and 10-d; and 2) the effect of the presence and absence of small tire particulates in the leachates. We observed a decrease in embryonic heart rates, hatching success, and lengths, as well as an increase in the number of embryos with severe deformities and diminished eye and body pigmentation, after exposure to the leachates. Overall, there was a pattern whereby we observed more toxicity in the 10-d leachates, and greater toxicity in unfiltered leachates. Redundancy anal. showed that several benzothiazoles and aryl-amines were correlated with the toxic effects observed in the embryos. These included benzothiazole, 2-aminobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, N,N鈥?diphenylguanidine, and N,N鈥?diphenylurea. However, many other chems. characterized as unknowns are likely to also play a key role in the adverse effects observed Our study provides insight into the types of chems. likely to be important toxicol. drivers in tire leachates, and improves our understanding of the ecotoxicol. impacts of tire wear particles. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;00:1-10. 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicol. and Chem. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,3-Diphenylurea(cas: 102-07-8).Synthetic Route of 102-07-8

The Article related to pimephales chem mixture tire wear particle toxicol, complex chemical mixtures, fathead minnow, tire toxicity, tire wear particles, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 102-07-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tian, Min; Zhou, Shenzhi; Li, Wei; Li, Jiaru; Yang, Lan; Peng, Ying; Zheng, Jiang published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Metabolic activation of aegeline mediated by CYP2C19.Name: N-(2-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)cinnamamide And the article contains the following content:

Aegeline (AGL) is a natural alkaloidal amide mainly isolated from the leaves and fruits of tropical plant Aegle marmelos, with multiple pharmacol. activities. As one component of several dietary supplements, AGL caused a series of acute and chronic liver injuries. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of AGL-induced hepatotoxicity remain unclear. This study was conducted to identify reactive metabolite(s), to determine related metabolic pathways, and define the possible association of the bioactivation with AGL cytotoxicity. A demethylation metabolite (M1) and a GSH conjugate (M2) were detected in rat liver microsomal incubations containing AGL and GSH. The two metabolites were both found in bile of rats and rat primary hepatocytes after AGL administration. Recombinant P 450 enzyme incubations showed that CYP2C19 was the principal enzyme catalyzing this metabolic activation. Ticlopidine, a selective inhibitor of CYP2C19, decreased the formation of M1 and M2 in hepatocytes and attenuated the susceptibility of hepatocytes to the cytotoxicity of AGL. The results suggest that AGL was metabolized to a p-quinone methide intermediate which could in part participate in AGL-induced cytotoxicity. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)cinnamamide(cas: 456-12-2).Name: N-(2-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)cinnamamide

The Article related to aegeline cytochrome p metabolic activation, aegeline, cyp2c19, cytotoxicity, metabolic activation, quinone methide intermediate, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Name: N-(2-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)cinnamamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Fan; Dong, Xin; Ma, Feixiang; Xu, Feng; Liu, Jie; Lu, Jingkun; Li, Chunyan; Bu, Ren; Xue, Peifeng published an article in 2020, the title of the article was The interventional effects of Tubson-2 decoction on ovariectomized rats as determined by a combination of network pharmacology and metabolomics.Reference of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)acetic acid And the article contains the following content:

Post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is associated with estrogen deficiency and worldwide, is becoming increasingly more prevalent in aging women. Various anti-PMOP drugs have been developed to reduce the burden of PMOP; generally, these drugs are efficacious, but with some adverse side effects. Tubson-2 decoction (TBD), a popular traditional Mongolian medicine, has been used to treat PMOP for centuries. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the action of TBD on PMOP have yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we combined network pharmacol. with untargeted metabolomics to identify the key targets and metabolic pathways associated with the interventional effects of TBD on ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Furthermore, we investigated the bone histomorphometry of eight different groups of rats to evaluate the therapeutic effect of TBD. First, we established a TBD-target/PMOP network via network pharmacol.; this network identified three key protein targets-vitamin D receptor (VDR), cytochrome P 450 19A1 (CYP19A1), and 11尾-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD11B1). Morphol. anal. showed that severe impairment of the bone micro-architecture in OVX rats could be improved by TBD administration. The TBD-treated rats had a significantly lower bone surface-to-tissue volume (BS/TV) and a significantly smaller trabecular separation (Tb路Sp.) (P<0.05) than the OVX rats; in contrast, bone volume fraction (BVF), trabecular thickness (Tb路Th.), trabecular number (Tb路N.), and bone mineral d. (BMD) were significantly higher in the TBD-treated rats (P<0.05). Multivariate and univariate anal. showed that OVX resulted in significant alterations in the concentrations of 105 metabolites and 11 metabolic pathways (P<0.05); in addition, 26 potential biomarkers were identified to investigate the progression of PMOP. Network pharmacol. showed that major alterations in vitamin B6 metabolism were associated with the VDR target. Next, we validated the three crucial targets (VDR [P<0.01], HSD11B1 [P<0.01], and CYP19A1 [P<0.05]) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and demonstrated that the levels of these targets were elevated in the OVX group but reduced in the TBD-treatment group. Collectively, our results suggest that the interventional effects of TBD on OVX rats are likely to be associated with the down regulation of VDR. Our findings enhance our mol. understanding of the interventional effects of TBD on PMOP and will allow us to develop further TBD studies. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)acetic acid(cas: 27115-50-0).Reference of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)acetic acid

The Article related to tubson network pharmacol metabolomic, tubson-2, metabolomics, network pharmacology, ovariectomized, post-menopausalosteoporosis, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Reference of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)acetic acid

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics